diff --git a/packages/babel-helper-create-class-features-plugin/src/fields.ts b/packages/babel-helper-create-class-features-plugin/src/fields.ts
index 79451b0c40ee..6f814e949efb 100644
--- a/packages/babel-helper-create-class-features-plugin/src/fields.ts
+++ b/packages/babel-helper-create-class-features-plugin/src/fields.ts
@@ -107,7 +107,6 @@ interface PrivateNameVisitorState {
 function privateNameVisitorFactory<S>(
   visitor: Visitor<PrivateNameVisitorState & S>,
 ) {
-  // @ts-expect-error Fixme: TS complains _exploded: boolean does not satisfy visitor functions
   const privateNameVisitor: Visitor<PrivateNameVisitorState & S> = {
     ...visitor,
 
diff --git a/packages/babel-traverse/src/index.ts b/packages/babel-traverse/src/index.ts
index 832aea0cdb44..03fdc6e58725 100644
--- a/packages/babel-traverse/src/index.ts
+++ b/packages/babel-traverse/src/index.ts
@@ -20,18 +20,11 @@ export type { HubInterface } from "./hub";
 
 export { visitors };
 
-// fixme: The TraverseOptions should have been { scope ... } & Visitor<S>
-// however TS does not support excluding certain string literals from general string
-// type. If we change here to { scope ... } & Visitor<S>, TS will throw
-// noScope: boolean because it matched `noScope` to the [k in string]: VisitNode<> catch-all
-// in Visitor
-export type TraverseOptions<S = t.Node> =
-  | {
-      scope?: Scope;
-      noScope?: boolean;
-      denylist?: string[];
-    }
-  | Visitor<S>;
+export type TraverseOptions<S = t.Node> = {
+  scope?: Scope;
+  noScope?: boolean;
+  denylist?: string[];
+} & Visitor<S>;
 
 function traverse<S>(
   parent: t.Node,
diff --git a/packages/babel-traverse/src/path/index.ts b/packages/babel-traverse/src/path/index.ts
index 98cb5d75aa21..bcce1d642cd0 100644
--- a/packages/babel-traverse/src/path/index.ts
+++ b/packages/babel-traverse/src/path/index.ts
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ class NodePath<T extends t.Node = t.Node> {
   listKey: string | null = null;
   key: string | number | null = null;
   node: T = null;
-  type: string | null = null;
+  type: T["type"] | null = null;
 
   static get({
     hub,
diff --git a/packages/babel-traverse/src/path/lib/virtual-types.ts b/packages/babel-traverse/src/path/lib/virtual-types.ts
index 8ae52e2bab36..f8f6c90724af 100644
--- a/packages/babel-traverse/src/path/lib/virtual-types.ts
+++ b/packages/babel-traverse/src/path/lib/virtual-types.ts
@@ -21,9 +21,7 @@ export interface VirtualTypeAliases {
   Var: t.VariableDeclaration;
 }
 
-type NodeTypes = t.Node["type"] | t.Comment["type"] | keyof t.Aliases;
-
-type VirtualTypeMapping = readonly NodeTypes[] | null;
+type VirtualTypeMapping = readonly (t.Node["type"] | keyof t.Aliases)[] | null;
 
 export const ReferencedIdentifier: VirtualTypeMapping = [
   "Identifier",
diff --git a/packages/babel-traverse/src/types.ts b/packages/babel-traverse/src/types.ts
index a608defe7ca9..58e3353409a3 100644
--- a/packages/babel-traverse/src/types.ts
+++ b/packages/babel-traverse/src/types.ts
@@ -11,7 +11,10 @@ export type Visitor<S = {}> = VisitNodeObject<S, t.Node> & {
 } & {
   [K in keyof InternalVisitorFlags]?: InternalVisitorFlags[K];
 } & {
-  [k: string]: VisitNode<S, t.Node>;
+  // Babel supports `NodeTypesWithoutComment | NodeTypesWithoutComment | ... ` but it is
+  // too complex for TS. So we type it as a general visitor only if the key contains `|`
+  // this is good enough for non-visitor traverse options e.g. `noScope`
+  [k: `${string}|${string}`]: VisitNode<S, t.Node>;
 };
 
 /** @internal */
diff --git a/packages/babel-traverse/src/visitors.ts b/packages/babel-traverse/src/visitors.ts
index 21301ccdba76..669627825cc2 100644
--- a/packages/babel-traverse/src/visitors.ts
+++ b/packages/babel-traverse/src/visitors.ts
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ export function explode(visitor: Visitor) {
   visitor._exploded = true;
 
   // normalise pipes
-  for (const nodeType of Object.keys(visitor)) {
+  for (const nodeType of Object.keys(visitor) as (keyof Visitor)[]) {
     if (shouldIgnoreKey(nodeType)) continue;
 
     const parts: Array<string> = nodeType.split("|");
@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@ export function explode(visitor: Visitor) {
     delete visitor[nodeType];
 
     for (const part of parts) {
+      // @ts-expect-error part will be verified by `verify` later
       visitor[part] = fns;
     }
   }
@@ -47,6 +48,7 @@ export function explode(visitor: Visitor) {
 
   // make sure there's no __esModule type since this is because we're using loose mode
   // and it sets __esModule to be enumerable on all modules :(
+  // @ts-expect-error ESModule interop
   delete visitor.__esModule;
 
   // ensure visitors are objects
@@ -88,12 +90,12 @@ export function explode(visitor: Visitor) {
   }
 
   // add aliases
-  for (const nodeType of Object.keys(visitor)) {
+  for (const nodeType of Object.keys(visitor) as (keyof Visitor)[]) {
     if (shouldIgnoreKey(nodeType)) continue;
 
     const fns = visitor[nodeType];
 
-    let aliases: Array<string> | undefined = FLIPPED_ALIAS_KEYS[nodeType];
+    let aliases = FLIPPED_ALIAS_KEYS[nodeType];
 
     const deprecatedKey = DEPRECATED_KEYS[nodeType];
     if (deprecatedKey) {
@@ -113,6 +115,7 @@ export function explode(visitor: Visitor) {
       if (existing) {
         mergePair(existing, fns);
       } else {
+        // @ts-expect-error Expression produces a union type that is too complex to represent.
         visitor[alias] = { ...fns };
       }
     }
@@ -140,7 +143,7 @@ export function verify(visitor: Visitor) {
     );
   }
 
-  for (const nodeType of Object.keys(visitor)) {
+  for (const nodeType of Object.keys(visitor) as (keyof Visitor)[]) {
     if (nodeType === "enter" || nodeType === "exit") {
       validateVisitorMethods(nodeType, visitor[nodeType]);
     }
@@ -208,7 +211,7 @@ export function merge(
 
     explode(visitor);
 
-    for (const type of Object.keys(visitor)) {
+    for (const type of Object.keys(visitor) as (keyof Visitor)[]) {
       let visitorType = visitor[type];
 
       // if we have state or wrapper then overload the callbacks to take it
@@ -216,7 +219,8 @@ export function merge(
         visitorType = wrapWithStateOrWrapper(visitorType, state, wrapper);
       }
 
-      const nodeVisitor = (rootVisitor[type] = rootVisitor[type] || {});
+      // @ts-expect-error: Expression produces a union type that is too complex to represent.
+      const nodeVisitor = (rootVisitor[type] ||= {});
       mergePair(nodeVisitor, visitorType);
     }
   }
@@ -231,7 +235,7 @@ function wrapWithStateOrWrapper<State>(
 ) {
   const newVisitor: Visitor = {};
 
-  for (const key of Object.keys(oldVisitor)) {
+  for (const key of Object.keys(oldVisitor) as (keyof Visitor<State>)[]) {
     let fns = oldVisitor[key];
 
     // not an enter/exit array of callbacks
@@ -260,6 +264,7 @@ function wrapWithStateOrWrapper<State>(
       return newFn;
     });
 
+    // @ts-expect-error: Expression produces a union type that is too complex to represent.
     newVisitor[key] = fns;
   }
 
@@ -267,11 +272,12 @@ function wrapWithStateOrWrapper<State>(
 }
 
 function ensureEntranceObjects(obj: Visitor) {
-  for (const key of Object.keys(obj)) {
+  for (const key of Object.keys(obj) as (keyof Visitor)[]) {
     if (shouldIgnoreKey(key)) continue;
 
     const fns = obj[key];
     if (typeof fns === "function") {
+      // @ts-expect-error: Expression produces a union type that is too complex to represent.
       obj[key] = { enter: fns };
     }
   }
@@ -294,7 +300,16 @@ function wrapCheck(nodeType: VIRTUAL_TYPES, fn: Function) {
   return newFn;
 }
 
-function shouldIgnoreKey(key: string) {
+function shouldIgnoreKey(
+  key: string,
+): key is
+  | "enter"
+  | "exit"
+  | "shouldSkip"
+  | "denylist"
+  | "noScope"
+  | "skipKeys"
+  | "blacklist" {
   // internal/hidden key
   if (key[0] === "_") return true;
 
diff --git a/packages/babel-types/src/definitions/placeholders.ts b/packages/babel-types/src/definitions/placeholders.ts
index e643eb0eed80..0a4b912e38da 100644
--- a/packages/babel-types/src/definitions/placeholders.ts
+++ b/packages/babel-types/src/definitions/placeholders.ts
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ export const PLACEHOLDERS = [
   "BlockStatement",
   "ClassBody",
   "Pattern",
-];
+] as const;
 
 export const PLACEHOLDERS_ALIAS: Record<string, string[]> = {
   Declaration: ["Statement"],
diff --git a/packages/babel-types/src/definitions/utils.ts b/packages/babel-types/src/definitions/utils.ts
index bf2676ba99a2..dd303cea7e6e 100644
--- a/packages/babel-types/src/definitions/utils.ts
+++ b/packages/babel-types/src/definitions/utils.ts
@@ -3,11 +3,12 @@ import { validateField, validateChild } from "../validators/validate";
 import type * as t from "..";
 
 export const VISITOR_KEYS: Record<string, string[]> = {};
-export const ALIAS_KEYS: Record<string, string[]> = {};
-export const FLIPPED_ALIAS_KEYS: Record<string, string[]> = {};
+export const ALIAS_KEYS: Partial<Record<NodeTypesWithoutComment, string[]>> =
+  {};
+export const FLIPPED_ALIAS_KEYS: Record<string, NodeTypesWithoutComment[]> = {};
 export const NODE_FIELDS: Record<string, FieldDefinitions> = {};
 export const BUILDER_KEYS: Record<string, string[]> = {};
-export const DEPRECATED_KEYS: Record<string, string> = {};
+export const DEPRECATED_KEYS: Record<string, NodeTypesWithoutComment> = {};
 export const NODE_PARENT_VALIDATIONS: Record<string, Validator> = {};
 
 function getType(val: any) {
@@ -20,7 +21,9 @@ function getType(val: any) {
   }
 }
 
-type NodeTypes = t.Node["type"] | t.Comment["type"] | keyof t.Aliases;
+type NodeTypesWithoutComment = t.Node["type"] | keyof t.Aliases;
+
+type NodeTypes = NodeTypesWithoutComment | t.Comment["type"];
 
 type PrimitiveTypes = ReturnType<typeof getType>;
 
@@ -330,7 +333,7 @@ export default function defineType(type: string, opts: DefineTypeOpts = {}) {
   }
 
   if (opts.deprecatedAlias) {
-    DEPRECATED_KEYS[opts.deprecatedAlias] = type;
+    DEPRECATED_KEYS[opts.deprecatedAlias] = type as NodeTypesWithoutComment;
   }
 
   // ensure all field keys are represented in `fields`
@@ -360,10 +363,10 @@ export default function defineType(type: string, opts: DefineTypeOpts = {}) {
   VISITOR_KEYS[type] = opts.visitor = visitor;
   BUILDER_KEYS[type] = opts.builder = builder;
   NODE_FIELDS[type] = opts.fields = fields;
-  ALIAS_KEYS[type] = opts.aliases = aliases;
+  ALIAS_KEYS[type as NodeTypesWithoutComment] = opts.aliases = aliases;
   aliases.forEach(alias => {
     FLIPPED_ALIAS_KEYS[alias] = FLIPPED_ALIAS_KEYS[alias] || [];
-    FLIPPED_ALIAS_KEYS[alias].push(type);
+    FLIPPED_ALIAS_KEYS[alias].push(type as NodeTypesWithoutComment);
   });
 
   if (opts.validate) {
diff --git a/packages/babel-types/src/validators/isType.ts b/packages/babel-types/src/validators/isType.ts
index 22f1352c2f73..b4bb627d4e99 100644
--- a/packages/babel-types/src/validators/isType.ts
+++ b/packages/babel-types/src/validators/isType.ts
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ export default function isType(nodeType: string, targetType: string): boolean {
 
   // This is a fast-path. If the test above failed, but an alias key is found, then the
   // targetType was a primary node type, so there's no need to check the aliases.
+  // @ts-expect-error targetType may not index ALIAS_KEYS
   if (ALIAS_KEYS[targetType]) return false;
 
   const aliases: Array<string> | undefined = FLIPPED_ALIAS_KEYS[targetType];