diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index 3d4b76e13f7d..7c155119ff07 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -185,15 +185,16 @@ test-test262-update-allowlist:
 
 
 new-version-checklist:
-	# @echo "!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"
-	# @echo "!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"
-	# @echo "!!!!!!                                                   !!!!!!"
-	# @echo "!!!!!!         Write any message that should             !!!!!!"
-	# @echo "!!!!!!            block the release here                 !!!!!!"
-	# @echo "!!!!!!                                                   !!!!!!"
-	# @echo "!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"
-	# @echo "!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"
-	# @exit 1
+	@echo "!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"
+	@echo "!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"
+	@echo "!!!!!!                                                   !!!!!!"
+	@echo "!!!!!!    Update minVersion in the wrapRegExp helper,    !!!!!!"
+	@echo "!!!!!!  and the requried core version in the duplicate   !!!!!!"
+	@echo "!!!!!!                 named groups plugin.              !!!!!!"
+	@echo "!!!!!!                                                   !!!!!!"
+	@echo "!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"
+	@echo "!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"
+	@exit 1
 
 new-version:
 	$(MAKE) new-version-checklist
diff --git a/packages/babel-helper-create-regexp-features-plugin/src/features.ts b/packages/babel-helper-create-regexp-features-plugin/src/features.ts
index abe72d0b4729..ed9b6f4ed60a 100644
--- a/packages/babel-helper-create-regexp-features-plugin/src/features.ts
+++ b/packages/babel-helper-create-regexp-features-plugin/src/features.ts
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ export const FEATURES = Object.freeze({
   namedCaptureGroups: 1 << 3,
   unicodeSetsFlag_syntax: 1 << 4,
   unicodeSetsFlag: 1 << 5,
+  duplicateNamedCaptureGroups: 1 << 6,
 });
 
 // We can't use a symbol because this needs to always be the same, even if
diff --git a/packages/babel-helper-create-regexp-features-plugin/src/index.ts b/packages/babel-helper-create-regexp-features-plugin/src/index.ts
index 060a3638f94d..d1be9056db04 100644
--- a/packages/babel-helper-create-regexp-features-plugin/src/index.ts
+++ b/packages/babel-helper-create-regexp-features-plugin/src/index.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,11 @@
 import rewritePattern from "regexpu-core";
-import { featuresKey, FEATURES, enableFeature, runtimeKey } from "./features";
+import {
+  featuresKey,
+  FEATURES,
+  enableFeature,
+  runtimeKey,
+  hasFeature,
+} from "./features";
 import { generateRegexpuOptions, canSkipRegexpu, transformFlags } from "./util";
 import type { NodePath } from "@babel/traverse";
 
@@ -44,7 +50,7 @@ export function createRegExpFeaturePlugin({
       const features = file.get(featuresKey) ?? 0;
       let newFeatures = enableFeature(features, FEATURES[feature]);
 
-      const { useUnicodeFlag, runtime = true } = options;
+      const { useUnicodeFlag, runtime } = options;
       if (useUnicodeFlag === false) {
         newFeatures = enableFeature(newFeatures, FEATURES.unicodeFlag);
       }
@@ -52,8 +58,29 @@ export function createRegExpFeaturePlugin({
         file.set(featuresKey, newFeatures);
       }
 
-      if (!runtime) {
-        file.set(runtimeKey, false);
+      if (runtime !== undefined) {
+        if (
+          file.has(runtimeKey) &&
+          file.get(runtimeKey) !== runtime &&
+          // TODO(Babel 8): Remove this check. It's necessary because in Babel 7
+          // we allow multiple copies of transform-named-capturing-groups-regex
+          // with conflicting 'runtime' options.
+          hasFeature(newFeatures, FEATURES.duplicateNamedCaptureGroups)
+        ) {
+          throw new Error(
+            `The 'runtime' option must be the same for ` +
+              `'@babel/plugin-transform-named-capturing-groups-regex' and ` +
+              `'@babel/plugin-proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex'.`,
+          );
+        }
+        // TODO(Babel 8): Remove this check and always set it.
+        // It's necessary because in Babel 7 we allow multiple copies of
+        // transform-named-capturing-groups-regex with conflicting 'runtime' options.
+        if (feature === "namedCaptureGroups") {
+          if (!runtime || !file.has(runtimeKey)) file.set(runtimeKey, runtime);
+        } else {
+          file.set(runtimeKey, runtime);
+        }
       }
 
       if (!file.has(versionKey) || file.get(versionKey) < version) {
@@ -71,14 +98,38 @@ export function createRegExpFeaturePlugin({
         const regexpuOptions = generateRegexpuOptions(features);
         if (canSkipRegexpu(node, regexpuOptions)) return;
 
-        const namedCaptureGroups: Record<string, number> = {};
+        const namedCaptureGroups: Record<string, number | number[]> = {
+          __proto__: null,
+        };
+        let hasDuplicateNamedCaptureGroups = false;
         if (regexpuOptions.namedGroups === "transform") {
           regexpuOptions.onNamedGroup = (name, index) => {
-            namedCaptureGroups[name] = index;
+            const prev = namedCaptureGroups[name];
+            if (typeof prev === "number") {
+              hasDuplicateNamedCaptureGroups = true;
+              namedCaptureGroups[name] = [prev, index];
+            } else if (Array.isArray(prev)) {
+              prev.push(index);
+            } else {
+              namedCaptureGroups[name] = index;
+            }
           };
         }
 
-        node.pattern = rewritePattern(node.pattern, node.flags, regexpuOptions);
+        let pattern = rewritePattern(node.pattern, node.flags, regexpuOptions);
+        if (
+          !hasDuplicateNamedCaptureGroups &&
+          hasFeature(features, FEATURES.duplicateNamedCaptureGroups) &&
+          !hasFeature(features, FEATURES.namedCaptureGroups)
+        ) {
+          // If we only transformed named groups because we want to transform duplicates
+          // but there are no duplicates, re-transform the regexp without transforming
+          // named groups.
+          regexpuOptions.namedGroups = false;
+          if (canSkipRegexpu(node, regexpuOptions)) return;
+          pattern = rewritePattern(node.pattern, node.flags, regexpuOptions);
+        }
+        node.pattern = pattern;
 
         if (
           regexpuOptions.namedGroups === "transform" &&
diff --git a/packages/babel-helper-create-regexp-features-plugin/src/util.ts b/packages/babel-helper-create-regexp-features-plugin/src/util.ts
index b4c7e5251dfc..0648767f53dc 100644
--- a/packages/babel-helper-create-regexp-features-plugin/src/util.ts
+++ b/packages/babel-helper-create-regexp-features-plugin/src/util.ts
@@ -20,7 +20,8 @@ export function generateRegexpuOptions(toTransform: number): RegexpuOptions {
       feat<Experimental>("unicodeSetsFlag_syntax", "parse"),
     dotAllFlag: feat("dotAllFlag"),
     unicodePropertyEscapes: feat("unicodePropertyEscape"),
-    namedGroups: feat("namedCaptureGroups"),
+    namedGroups:
+      feat("namedCaptureGroups") || feat("duplicateNamedCaptureGroups"),
     onNamedGroup: () => {},
   };
 }
diff --git a/packages/babel-helper-create-regexp-features-plugin/test/fixtures/plugin-transform-named-capturing-groups-regex/runtime-false-not-overwritten/input.mjs b/packages/babel-helper-create-regexp-features-plugin/test/fixtures/runtime/conflict-false-true/input.mjs
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/babel-helper-create-regexp-features-plugin/test/fixtures/plugin-transform-named-capturing-groups-regex/runtime-false-not-overwritten/input.mjs
rename to packages/babel-helper-create-regexp-features-plugin/test/fixtures/runtime/conflict-false-true/input.mjs
diff --git a/packages/babel-helper-create-regexp-features-plugin/test/fixtures/runtime/conflict-false-true/options.json b/packages/babel-helper-create-regexp-features-plugin/test/fixtures/runtime/conflict-false-true/options.json
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..97779c7e163d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/babel-helper-create-regexp-features-plugin/test/fixtures/runtime/conflict-false-true/options.json
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+{
+  "plugins": [
+    ["transform-named-capturing-groups-regex", { "runtime": true }],
+    ["proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex", { "runtime": false }]
+  ],
+  "throws": "The 'runtime' option must be the same for '@babel/plugin-transform-named-capturing-groups-regex' and '@babel/plugin-proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex'."
+}
diff --git a/packages/babel-helper-create-regexp-features-plugin/test/fixtures/runtime/conflict-true-false/input.mjs b/packages/babel-helper-create-regexp-features-plugin/test/fixtures/runtime/conflict-true-false/input.mjs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..3d7f5b1517b5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/babel-helper-create-regexp-features-plugin/test/fixtures/runtime/conflict-true-false/input.mjs
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+/(?<year>\d{4})/
diff --git a/packages/babel-helper-create-regexp-features-plugin/test/fixtures/runtime/conflict-true-false/options.json b/packages/babel-helper-create-regexp-features-plugin/test/fixtures/runtime/conflict-true-false/options.json
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..d430ab5acc70
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/babel-helper-create-regexp-features-plugin/test/fixtures/runtime/conflict-true-false/options.json
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+{
+  "plugins": [
+    ["transform-named-capturing-groups-regex", { "runtime": false }],
+    ["proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex", { "runtime": true }]
+  ],
+  "throws": "The 'runtime' option must be the same for '@babel/plugin-transform-named-capturing-groups-regex' and '@babel/plugin-proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex'."
+}
diff --git a/packages/babel-helper-create-regexp-features-plugin/test/fixtures/runtime/plugin-transform-named-capturing-groups-regex-runtime-false-not-overwritten/input.mjs b/packages/babel-helper-create-regexp-features-plugin/test/fixtures/runtime/plugin-transform-named-capturing-groups-regex-runtime-false-not-overwritten/input.mjs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..3d7f5b1517b5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/babel-helper-create-regexp-features-plugin/test/fixtures/runtime/plugin-transform-named-capturing-groups-regex-runtime-false-not-overwritten/input.mjs
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+/(?<year>\d{4})/
diff --git a/packages/babel-helper-create-regexp-features-plugin/test/fixtures/plugin-transform-named-capturing-groups-regex/runtime-false-not-overwritten/options.json b/packages/babel-helper-create-regexp-features-plugin/test/fixtures/runtime/plugin-transform-named-capturing-groups-regex-runtime-false-not-overwritten/options.json
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/babel-helper-create-regexp-features-plugin/test/fixtures/plugin-transform-named-capturing-groups-regex/runtime-false-not-overwritten/options.json
rename to packages/babel-helper-create-regexp-features-plugin/test/fixtures/runtime/plugin-transform-named-capturing-groups-regex-runtime-false-not-overwritten/options.json
diff --git a/packages/babel-helper-create-regexp-features-plugin/test/fixtures/plugin-transform-named-capturing-groups-regex/runtime-false-not-overwritten/output.mjs b/packages/babel-helper-create-regexp-features-plugin/test/fixtures/runtime/plugin-transform-named-capturing-groups-regex-runtime-false-not-overwritten/output.mjs
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/babel-helper-create-regexp-features-plugin/test/fixtures/plugin-transform-named-capturing-groups-regex/runtime-false-not-overwritten/output.mjs
rename to packages/babel-helper-create-regexp-features-plugin/test/fixtures/runtime/plugin-transform-named-capturing-groups-regex-runtime-false-not-overwritten/output.mjs
diff --git a/packages/babel-helpers/src/helpers-generated.ts b/packages/babel-helpers/src/helpers-generated.ts
index d40d731026b9..07c11f7a6e51 100644
--- a/packages/babel-helpers/src/helpers-generated.ts
+++ b/packages/babel-helpers/src/helpers-generated.ts
@@ -39,6 +39,6 @@ export default Object.freeze({
   ),
   wrapRegExp: helper(
     "7.2.6",
-    'import setPrototypeOf from"setPrototypeOf";import inherits from"inherits";export default function _wrapRegExp(){_wrapRegExp=function(re,groups){return new BabelRegExp(re,void 0,groups)};var _super=RegExp.prototype,_groups=new WeakMap;function BabelRegExp(re,flags,groups){var _this=new RegExp(re,flags);return _groups.set(_this,groups||_groups.get(re)),setPrototypeOf(_this,BabelRegExp.prototype)}function buildGroups(result,re){var g=_groups.get(re);return Object.keys(g).reduce((function(groups,name){return groups[name]=result[g[name]],groups}),Object.create(null))}return inherits(BabelRegExp,RegExp),BabelRegExp.prototype.exec=function(str){var result=_super.exec.call(this,str);return result&&(result.groups=buildGroups(result,this)),result},BabelRegExp.prototype[Symbol.replace]=function(str,substitution){if("string"==typeof substitution){var groups=_groups.get(this);return _super[Symbol.replace].call(this,str,substitution.replace(/\\$<([^>]+)>/g,(function(_,name){return"$"+groups[name]})))}if("function"==typeof substitution){var _this=this;return _super[Symbol.replace].call(this,str,(function(){var args=arguments;return"object"!=typeof args[args.length-1]&&(args=[].slice.call(args)).push(buildGroups(args,_this)),substitution.apply(this,args)}))}return _super[Symbol.replace].call(this,str,substitution)},_wrapRegExp.apply(this,arguments)}',
+    'import setPrototypeOf from"setPrototypeOf";import inherits from"inherits";export default function _wrapRegExp(){_wrapRegExp=function(re,groups){return new BabelRegExp(re,void 0,groups)};var _super=RegExp.prototype,_groups=new WeakMap;function BabelRegExp(re,flags,groups){var _this=new RegExp(re,flags);return _groups.set(_this,groups||_groups.get(re)),setPrototypeOf(_this,BabelRegExp.prototype)}function buildGroups(result,re){var g=_groups.get(re);return Object.keys(g).reduce((function(groups,name){var i=g[name];if("number"==typeof i)groups[name]=result[i];else{let k=0;for(;void 0===result[i[k]]&&k+1<i.length;)k++;groups[name]=result[i[k]]}return groups}),Object.create(null))}return inherits(BabelRegExp,RegExp),BabelRegExp.prototype.exec=function(str){var result=_super.exec.call(this,str);return result&&(result.groups=buildGroups(result,this)),result},BabelRegExp.prototype[Symbol.replace]=function(str,substitution){if("string"==typeof substitution){var groups=_groups.get(this);return _super[Symbol.replace].call(this,str,substitution.replace(/\\$<([^>]+)>/g,(function(_,name){return"$"+groups[name]})))}if("function"==typeof substitution){var _this=this;return _super[Symbol.replace].call(this,str,(function(){var args=arguments;return"object"!=typeof args[args.length-1]&&(args=[].slice.call(args)).push(buildGroups(args,_this)),substitution.apply(this,args)}))}return _super[Symbol.replace].call(this,str,substitution)},_wrapRegExp.apply(this,arguments)}',
   ),
 });
diff --git a/packages/babel-helpers/src/helpers/wrapRegExp.js b/packages/babel-helpers/src/helpers/wrapRegExp.js
index d8e110af2675..f852d9e6cf36 100644
--- a/packages/babel-helpers/src/helpers/wrapRegExp.js
+++ b/packages/babel-helpers/src/helpers/wrapRegExp.js
@@ -56,7 +56,16 @@ export default function _wrapRegExp() {
 
     var g = _groups.get(re);
     return Object.keys(g).reduce(function (groups, name) {
-      groups[name] = result[g[name]];
+      var i = g[name];
+      if (typeof i === "number") groups[name] = result[i];
+      else {
+        // i is an array of indexes
+        let k = 0;
+        // if no group matched, we stop at k = i.length - 1 and then
+        // we store result[i[i.length - 1]] which is undefined.
+        while (result[i[k]] === undefined && k + 1 < i.length) k++;
+        groups[name] = result[i[k]];
+      }
       return groups;
     }, Object.create(null));
   }
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex/.npmignore b/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex/.npmignore
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..f9806945836e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex/.npmignore
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+src
+test
+*.log
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex/README.md b/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex/README.md
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..58fec2daa0d2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex/README.md
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+# @babel/plugin-proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex
+
+> Compile regular expressions using duplicate named groups to index-based groups.
+
+See our website [@babel/plugin-proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex](https://babeljs.io/docs/en/babel-plugin-proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex) for more information.
+
+## Install
+
+Using npm:
+
+```sh
+npm install --save-dev @babel/plugin-proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex
+```
+
+or using yarn:
+
+```sh
+yarn add @babel/plugin-proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex --dev
+```
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex/package.json b/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex/package.json
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..92c1c9fcca92
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex/package.json
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+{
+  "name": "@babel/plugin-proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex",
+  "version": "7.18.6",
+  "description": "Compile regular expressions using duplicate named groups to index-based groups.",
+  "homepage": "https://babel.dev/docs/en/next/babel-plugin-proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex",
+  "license": "MIT",
+  "publishConfig": {
+    "access": "public"
+  },
+  "main": "./lib/index.js",
+  "keywords": [
+    "babel-plugin",
+    "regex",
+    "regexp",
+    "regular expressions"
+  ],
+  "repository": {
+    "type": "git",
+    "url": "https://github.com/babel/babel.git",
+    "directory": "packages/babel-plugin-proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex"
+  },
+  "bugs": "https://github.com/babel/babel/issues",
+  "dependencies": {
+    "@babel/helper-create-regexp-features-plugin": "workspace:^",
+    "@babel/helper-plugin-utils": "workspace:^"
+  },
+  "peerDependencies": {
+    "@babel/core": "^7.0.0"
+  },
+  "devDependencies": {
+    "@babel/core": "workspace:^",
+    "@babel/helper-plugin-test-runner": "workspace:^",
+    "core-js": "^3.22.1"
+  },
+  "engines": {
+    "node": ">=6.9.0"
+  },
+  "author": "The Babel Team (https://babel.dev/team)",
+  "conditions": {
+    "USE_ESM": [
+      {
+        "type": "module"
+      },
+      null
+    ]
+  },
+  "exports": {
+    ".": "./lib/index.js",
+    "./package.json": "./package.json"
+  },
+  "type": "commonjs"
+}
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex/src/index.ts b/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex/src/index.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..76d83980f495
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex/src/index.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+/* eslint-disable @babel/development/plugin-name */
+import { createRegExpFeaturePlugin } from "@babel/helper-create-regexp-features-plugin";
+import { declare } from "@babel/helper-plugin-utils";
+
+export interface Options {
+  runtime?: boolean;
+}
+
+export default declare((api, options: Options) => {
+  const { runtime } = options;
+  if (runtime !== undefined && typeof runtime !== "boolean") {
+    throw new Error("The 'runtime' option must be boolean");
+  }
+
+  return createRegExpFeaturePlugin({
+    name: "proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex",
+    feature: "duplicateNamedCaptureGroups",
+    options: { runtime },
+  });
+});
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex/test/fixtures/runtime/basic/input.js b/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex/test/fixtures/runtime/basic/input.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..b6b1233b66a9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex/test/fixtures/runtime/basic/input.js
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+/(?:(?<year>\d\d\d\d)|(?<year>\d\d))-(?<month>\d\d)/;
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex/test/fixtures/runtime/basic/output.js b/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex/test/fixtures/runtime/basic/output.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..f53db765b4ae
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex/test/fixtures/runtime/basic/output.js
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+/*#__PURE__*/
+babelHelpers.wrapRegExp(/(?:(\d\d\d\d)|(\d\d))\x2D(\d\d)/, {
+  year: [1, 2],
+  month: 3
+});
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex/test/fixtures/runtime/exec.js b/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex/test/fixtures/runtime/exec.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..1347ef53e9f1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex/test/fixtures/runtime/exec.js
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+let regexp = /(?<named>a)|(?<named>b)|c/;
+
+expect("a".match(regexp).groups).toEqual({ named: "a" });
+expect("b".match(regexp).groups).toEqual({ named: "b" });
+expect("c".match(regexp).groups).toEqual({ named: undefined });
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex/test/fixtures/runtime/options.json b/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex/test/fixtures/runtime/options.json
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..cacf4d1974df
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex/test/fixtures/runtime/options.json
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+{
+  "plugins": ["proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex"]
+}
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex/test/fixtures/syntax/basic/input.js b/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex/test/fixtures/syntax/basic/input.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..873e6d6b0572
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex/test/fixtures/syntax/basic/input.js
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+/(?:(?<year>\d\d\d\d)|(?<year>\d\d)) is \k<year>/;
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex/test/fixtures/syntax/basic/output.js b/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex/test/fixtures/syntax/basic/output.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..7351dd79a1e4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex/test/fixtures/syntax/basic/output.js
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+/(?:(\d\d\d\d)|(\d\d)) is \1\2/;
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex/test/fixtures/syntax/options.json b/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex/test/fixtures/syntax/options.json
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..d254b9b39da5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex/test/fixtures/syntax/options.json
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+{
+  "plugins": [
+    ["proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex", { "runtime": false }]
+  ]
+}
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex/test/fixtures/syntax/unique-name-not-transformed/input.js b/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex/test/fixtures/syntax/unique-name-not-transformed/input.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..1d1628ac0978
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex/test/fixtures/syntax/unique-name-not-transformed/input.js
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+/(?<year>\d\d\d\d) is \k<year>/;
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex/test/fixtures/syntax/unique-name-not-transformed/output.js b/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex/test/fixtures/syntax/unique-name-not-transformed/output.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..1d1628ac0978
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex/test/fixtures/syntax/unique-name-not-transformed/output.js
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+/(?<year>\d\d\d\d) is \k<year>/;
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex/test/fixtures/syntax/unique-name-with-named-groups-plugin/input.js b/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex/test/fixtures/syntax/unique-name-with-named-groups-plugin/input.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..1d1628ac0978
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex/test/fixtures/syntax/unique-name-with-named-groups-plugin/input.js
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+/(?<year>\d\d\d\d) is \k<year>/;
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex/test/fixtures/syntax/unique-name-with-named-groups-plugin/options.json b/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex/test/fixtures/syntax/unique-name-with-named-groups-plugin/options.json
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..247156232ea5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex/test/fixtures/syntax/unique-name-with-named-groups-plugin/options.json
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+{
+  "plugins": [
+    ["proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex", { "runtime": false }],
+    ["transform-named-capturing-groups-regex", { "runtime": false }]
+  ]
+}
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex/test/fixtures/syntax/unique-name-with-named-groups-plugin/output.js b/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex/test/fixtures/syntax/unique-name-with-named-groups-plugin/output.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..cac0bdaaf258
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex/test/fixtures/syntax/unique-name-with-named-groups-plugin/output.js
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+/(\d\d\d\d) is \1/;
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex/test/fixtures/wrapper/basic/input.js b/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex/test/fixtures/wrapper/basic/input.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..2761445e091b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex/test/fixtures/wrapper/basic/input.js
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+"foo".match(/(?<double>.)\k<double>/);
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex/test/fixtures/wrapper/basic/output.js b/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex/test/fixtures/wrapper/basic/output.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..779aac3d8537
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex/test/fixtures/wrapper/basic/output.js
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+"foo".match( /*#__PURE__*/babelHelpers.wrapRegExp(/(.)\1/, {
+  double: 1
+}));
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex/test/fixtures/wrapper/looks-like-a-group-unicode/input.js b/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex/test/fixtures/wrapper/looks-like-a-group-unicode/input.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..00a7c78b9344
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex/test/fixtures/wrapper/looks-like-a-group-unicode/input.js
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+/no-groups-\(?<looks-like-a-group>looks\)\u{10000}/u;
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex/test/fixtures/wrapper/looks-like-a-group-unicode/options.json b/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex/test/fixtures/wrapper/looks-like-a-group-unicode/options.json
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..148c4e8cb79c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex/test/fixtures/wrapper/looks-like-a-group-unicode/options.json
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+{
+  "plugins": [
+    "transform-named-capturing-groups-regex",
+    "transform-unicode-regex"
+  ]
+}
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex/test/fixtures/wrapper/looks-like-a-group-unicode/output.js b/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex/test/fixtures/wrapper/looks-like-a-group-unicode/output.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..af299f8fceaf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex/test/fixtures/wrapper/looks-like-a-group-unicode/output.js
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+/no\x2Dgroups\x2D\(?<looks\x2Dlike\x2Da\x2Dgroup>looks\)(?:\uD800\uDC00)/;
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex/test/fixtures/wrapper/looks-like-a-group/input.js b/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex/test/fixtures/wrapper/looks-like-a-group/input.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..4c55ef0dbe17
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex/test/fixtures/wrapper/looks-like-a-group/input.js
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+/no-groups-\(?<looks-like-a-group>looks\)/;
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex/test/fixtures/wrapper/looks-like-a-group/output.js b/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex/test/fixtures/wrapper/looks-like-a-group/output.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..6fe7c2ef533c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex/test/fixtures/wrapper/looks-like-a-group/output.js
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+/no\x2Dgroups\x2D\(?<looks\x2Dlike\x2Da\x2Dgroup>looks\)/;
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex/test/fixtures/wrapper/only-when-named-groups/input.js b/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex/test/fixtures/wrapper/only-when-named-groups/input.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..581032632ae1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex/test/fixtures/wrapper/only-when-named-groups/input.js
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+"foo".match(/(.)\1/);
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex/test/fixtures/wrapper/only-when-named-groups/output.js b/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex/test/fixtures/wrapper/only-when-named-groups/output.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..c545e42ac5ca
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex/test/fixtures/wrapper/only-when-named-groups/output.js
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+"foo".match(/(.)\1/);
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex/test/fixtures/wrapper/options.json b/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex/test/fixtures/wrapper/options.json
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..8b8fe93e5deb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex/test/fixtures/wrapper/options.json
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+{
+  "plugins": ["transform-named-capturing-groups-regex"]
+}
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex/test/fixtures/wrapper/skips-anonymous-capturing-groups/input.js b/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex/test/fixtures/wrapper/skips-anonymous-capturing-groups/input.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..86639f6f7e17
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex/test/fixtures/wrapper/skips-anonymous-capturing-groups/input.js
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+"abba".match(/(.)(?<n>.)\k<n>\1/);
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex/test/fixtures/wrapper/skips-anonymous-capturing-groups/output.js b/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex/test/fixtures/wrapper/skips-anonymous-capturing-groups/output.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..16f5e24236b2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex/test/fixtures/wrapper/skips-anonymous-capturing-groups/output.js
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+"abba".match( /*#__PURE__*/babelHelpers.wrapRegExp(/(.)(.)\2\1/, {
+  n: 2
+}));
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex/test/fixtures/wrapper/test-method/input.js b/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex/test/fixtures/wrapper/test-method/input.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..3e26e4ee498a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex/test/fixtures/wrapper/test-method/input.js
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+/^(?<x>.)\k<x>$/.test("aa");
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex/test/fixtures/wrapper/test-method/output.js b/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex/test/fixtures/wrapper/test-method/output.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..808fc64e4f90
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex/test/fixtures/wrapper/test-method/output.js
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+/^(.)\1$/.test("aa");
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex/test/index.js b/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex/test/index.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..21a55ce6b5e7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex/test/index.js
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+import runner from "@babel/helper-plugin-test-runner";
+
+runner(import.meta.url);
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex/test/package.json b/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex/test/package.json
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..5ffd9800b97c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex/test/package.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{ "type": "module" }
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-named-capturing-groups-regex/src/index.ts b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-named-capturing-groups-regex/src/index.ts
index 0cd52bba1b09..f81e9867cada 100644
--- a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-named-capturing-groups-regex/src/index.ts
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-named-capturing-groups-regex/src/index.ts
@@ -7,8 +7,8 @@ export interface Options {
 }
 
 export default declare((api, options: Options) => {
-  const { runtime = true } = options;
-  if (typeof runtime !== "boolean") {
+  const { runtime } = options;
+  if (runtime !== undefined && typeof runtime !== "boolean") {
     throw new Error("The 'runtime' option must be boolean");
   }
 
diff --git a/yarn.lock b/yarn.lock
index 8bc9ef5373e4..9c50928b21fe 100644
--- a/yarn.lock
+++ b/yarn.lock
@@ -317,7 +317,7 @@ __metadata:
     gensync: ^1.0.0-beta.2
     json5: ^2.2.1
     semver: ^6.3.0
-  checksum: c7ee5b2c10bc5b0325e31fb5da4cb4bc03f9d5f5c00ec3481a018917bcc6b7b040de0690c606a424f57e5fc26d218d64e7718d0e5d7d8614d39c8cd898fab9b3
+  checksum: bcc057bf6edbc4299bc759a292686d48e76d18617adb2327b38667a4972bb2ab1527c23b51168b37183d2fdb4218ac1f18319466d2c30837d469e9136dfd0dab
   languageName: node
   linkType: hard
 
@@ -452,7 +452,7 @@ __metadata:
     "@babel/types": ^7.18.13
     "@jridgewell/gen-mapping": ^0.3.2
     jsesc: ^2.5.1
-  checksum: 27f5e7eb774e4d76ee75dc96e3e1bd26cc0ee7cea13a8f7342b716319c0a4d4e26fc49aa8f19316f7c99383da55eeb2a866c6e034e9deacad58a9de9ed6004fb
+  checksum: b98ef678ad07bc3af76a041517ce49cc9a5ed0b943e4359aa86af3320a0b0525f9d902cbf1969b37d0bf104bcd89af31c2f35408b8dabff038543d281b416733
   languageName: node
   linkType: hard
 
@@ -569,7 +569,7 @@ __metadata:
     "@babel/helper-split-export-declaration": ^7.18.6
   peerDependencies:
     "@babel/core": ^7.0.0
-  checksum: 3d2da92a54b885b211a747a8c553bb0190895d140cd1daab5d9945b2b271817d9d288a512364085e9fad19bd503921cd85fcc12f98df67b39b27f5655eb9d058
+  checksum: 000fb88ef4cc674a08d0b4f7b76db52e3f72fb0f0128d4881c140f640da2a8819601f1646e9956f7b6359d2d0b4ef155821c63f8f352c761ea82fff8e9ff7dc9
   languageName: node
   linkType: hard
 
@@ -1097,7 +1097,7 @@ __metadata:
   resolution: "@babel/parser@npm:7.18.13"
   bin:
     parser: ./bin/babel-parser.js
-  checksum: 8b41c35607668495d67d9a7c5f61768aaab26acf887efdadc2781aed54046981480ef40aeda0b84d61aed02cf0c4ff4b028d5f83ab85e17e2ddff318f9243b8b
+  checksum: e4d14756503a0f42936b7b1fa1bf8ece6208e56cd9b0294b51bb2ad37796dac6cc8cc912d4fcbc7cc82d7ac0aed4febb1dde0197caacca160e7ae153e93ffe69
   languageName: node
   linkType: hard
 
@@ -1358,6 +1358,20 @@ __metadata:
   languageName: unknown
   linkType: soft
 
+"@babel/plugin-proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex@workspace:packages/babel-plugin-proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex":
+  version: 0.0.0-use.local
+  resolution: "@babel/plugin-proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex@workspace:packages/babel-plugin-proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups-regex"
+  dependencies:
+    "@babel/core": "workspace:^"
+    "@babel/helper-create-regexp-features-plugin": "workspace:^"
+    "@babel/helper-plugin-test-runner": "workspace:^"
+    "@babel/helper-plugin-utils": "workspace:^"
+    core-js: ^3.22.1
+  peerDependencies:
+    "@babel/core": ^7.0.0
+  languageName: unknown
+  linkType: soft
+
 "@babel/plugin-proposal-dynamic-import@npm:^7.18.6":
   version: 7.18.6
   resolution: "@babel/plugin-proposal-dynamic-import@npm:7.18.6"
@@ -2347,7 +2361,7 @@ __metadata:
     "@babel/helper-plugin-utils": ^7.18.9
   peerDependencies:
     "@babel/core": ^7.0.0-0
-  checksum: 83e44ec93a4cfbf69376db8836d00ec803820081bf0f8b6cea73a9b3cd320b8285768d5b385744af4a27edda4b6502245c52d3ed026ea61356faf57bfe78effb
+  checksum: a1e49ee0279234d61721b4099b6ddd37b528bdaa4fa4186e41f8408bfd6b54f61af9148ffd0725346c88713ca5a826e0460e08fe379dfa03ce65001432d88790
   languageName: node
   linkType: hard
 
@@ -3741,7 +3755,7 @@ __metadata:
     "@babel/types": ^7.18.13
     debug: ^4.1.0
     globals: ^11.1.0
-  checksum: 1a2ef738fac4968feba6385787a3f8f7357d08e7739ecc5b37d8ff5668935253a03290f700f02a85ccfd369d5898625f0722d7733bff2ef91504f6cd8b836f19
+  checksum: 6b31fd3ab79131b8830c5fede49eb2687ff3e1ee1527a77ee476274188a6ecfda65665a6d5759c6cb5469b798d0b28b4cf3df1ea3bb55f11946e8eea30c746a8
   languageName: node
   linkType: hard
 
@@ -3770,7 +3784,7 @@ __metadata:
     "@babel/helper-string-parser": ^7.18.10
     "@babel/helper-validator-identifier": ^7.18.6
     to-fast-properties: ^2.0.0
-  checksum: abc3ad1f3b6864df0ea0e778bcdf7d2c5ee2293811192962d50e8a8c05c1aeec90a48275f53b2a45aad882ed8bef9477ae1f8e70ac1d44d039e14930d1388dcc
+  checksum: 1505b9cc1100da3876401c9c282dc266091a90e2732be7a0b3028d3e56046f079ff12c6d7b026f4ab3894fbfec9116122a0d5920352628b1cf11db30a2d91c39
   languageName: node
   linkType: hard