NamespacesBase.java

/**
 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
 * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
 * distributed with this work for additional information
 * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
 * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
 * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
 * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
 * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
 * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
 * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
 * specific language governing permissions and limitations
 * under the License.
 */

package org.apache.pulsar.broker.admin.impl;

import static org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils.isBlank;
import static org.apache.pulsar.broker.cache.ConfigurationCacheService.POLICIES;
import static org.apache.pulsar.broker.cache.ConfigurationCacheService.RESOURCEGROUPS;
import static org.apache.pulsar.broker.cache.LocalZooKeeperCacheService.LOCAL_POLICIES_ROOT;
import static org.apache.pulsar.common.policies.data.PoliciesUtil.defaultBundle;
import static org.apache.pulsar.common.policies.data.PoliciesUtil.getBundles;
import com.google.common.collect.Lists;
import com.google.common.collect.Sets;
import com.google.common.collect.Sets.SetView;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.net.URI;
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Map.Entry;
import java.util.Objects;
import java.util.Optional;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.SortedSet;
import java.util.TreeSet;
import java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicReference;
import java.util.function.Function;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;
import javax.ws.rs.WebApplicationException;
import javax.ws.rs.container.AsyncResponse;
import javax.ws.rs.core.Response;
import javax.ws.rs.core.Response.Status;
import javax.ws.rs.core.UriBuilder;
import org.apache.commons.lang.mutable.MutableObject;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
import org.apache.pulsar.broker.PulsarServerException;
import org.apache.pulsar.broker.admin.AdminResource;
import org.apache.pulsar.broker.authorization.AuthorizationService;
import org.apache.pulsar.broker.service.BrokerServiceException.SubscriptionBusyException;
import org.apache.pulsar.broker.service.Subscription;
import org.apache.pulsar.broker.service.Topic;
import org.apache.pulsar.broker.service.persistent.PersistentReplicator;
import org.apache.pulsar.broker.service.persistent.PersistentTopic;
import org.apache.pulsar.broker.systopic.SystemTopicClient;
import org.apache.pulsar.broker.web.RestException;
import org.apache.pulsar.client.admin.PulsarAdminException;
import org.apache.pulsar.client.api.SubscriptionType;
import org.apache.pulsar.common.naming.NamedEntity;
import org.apache.pulsar.common.naming.NamespaceBundle;
import org.apache.pulsar.common.naming.NamespaceBundleFactory;
import org.apache.pulsar.common.naming.NamespaceBundleSplitAlgorithm;
import org.apache.pulsar.common.naming.NamespaceBundles;
import org.apache.pulsar.common.naming.NamespaceName;
import org.apache.pulsar.common.naming.TopicDomain;
import org.apache.pulsar.common.naming.TopicName;
import org.apache.pulsar.common.policies.data.AuthAction;
import org.apache.pulsar.common.policies.data.AutoSubscriptionCreationOverride;
import org.apache.pulsar.common.policies.data.AutoTopicCreationOverride;
import org.apache.pulsar.common.policies.data.BacklogQuota;
import org.apache.pulsar.common.policies.data.BacklogQuota.BacklogQuotaType;
import org.apache.pulsar.common.policies.data.BookieAffinityGroupData;
import org.apache.pulsar.common.policies.data.BundlesData;
import org.apache.pulsar.common.policies.data.ClusterData;
import org.apache.pulsar.common.policies.data.DelayedDeliveryPolicies;
import org.apache.pulsar.common.policies.data.DispatchRate;
import org.apache.pulsar.common.policies.data.InactiveTopicPolicies;
import org.apache.pulsar.common.policies.data.LocalPolicies;
import org.apache.pulsar.common.policies.data.NamespaceOperation;
import org.apache.pulsar.common.policies.data.OffloadPoliciesImpl;
import org.apache.pulsar.common.policies.data.PersistencePolicies;
import org.apache.pulsar.common.policies.data.Policies;
import org.apache.pulsar.common.policies.data.PolicyName;
import org.apache.pulsar.common.policies.data.PolicyOperation;
import org.apache.pulsar.common.policies.data.PublishRate;
import org.apache.pulsar.common.policies.data.RetentionPolicies;
import org.apache.pulsar.common.policies.data.SchemaAutoUpdateCompatibilityStrategy;
import org.apache.pulsar.common.policies.data.SchemaCompatibilityStrategy;
import org.apache.pulsar.common.policies.data.SubscribeRate;
import org.apache.pulsar.common.policies.data.SubscriptionAuthMode;
import org.apache.pulsar.common.policies.data.TenantOperation;
import org.apache.pulsar.common.policies.data.impl.AutoTopicCreationOverrideImpl;
import org.apache.pulsar.common.policies.data.impl.DispatchRateImpl;
import org.apache.pulsar.common.util.FutureUtil;
import org.apache.pulsar.metadata.api.MetadataStoreException.AlreadyExistsException;
import org.apache.pulsar.metadata.api.MetadataStoreException.BadVersionException;
import org.apache.pulsar.metadata.api.MetadataStoreException.NotFoundException;
import org.apache.zookeeper.KeeperException;
import org.apache.zookeeper.data.Stat;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

public abstract class NamespacesBase extends AdminResource {

    protected List<String> internalGetTenantNamespaces(String tenant) {
        checkNotNull(tenant, "Tenant should not be null");
        try {
            NamedEntity.checkName(tenant);
        } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
            log.warn("[{}] Tenant name is invalid {}", clientAppId(), tenant, e);
            throw new RestException(Status.PRECONDITION_FAILED, "Tenant name is not valid");
        }
        validateTenantOperation(tenant, TenantOperation.LIST_NAMESPACES);

        try {
            return getListOfNamespaces(tenant);
        } catch (KeeperException.NoNodeException e) {
            log.warn("[{}] Failed to get namespace list for tenant: {} - Does not exist", clientAppId(), tenant);
            throw new RestException(Status.NOT_FOUND, "Property does not exist");
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("[{}] Failed to get namespaces list: {}", clientAppId(), e);
            throw new RestException(e);
        }
    }

    protected void internalCreateNamespace(Policies policies) {
        validateTenantOperation(namespaceName.getTenant(), TenantOperation.CREATE_NAMESPACE);
        validatePoliciesReadOnlyAccess();
        validatePolicies(namespaceName, policies);

        try {
            int maxNamespacesPerTenant = pulsar().getConfiguration().getMaxNamespacesPerTenant();
            // no distributed locks are added here.In a concurrent scenario, the threshold will be exceeded.
            if (maxNamespacesPerTenant > 0) {
                List<String> namespaces = getListOfNamespaces(namespaceName.getTenant());
                if (namespaces != null && namespaces.size() > maxNamespacesPerTenant) {
                    throw new RestException(Status.PRECONDITION_FAILED,
                            "Exceed the maximum number of namespace in tenant :" + namespaceName.getTenant());
                }
            }
            namespaceResources().create(path(POLICIES, namespaceName.toString()), policies);
            log.info("[{}] Created namespace {}", clientAppId(), namespaceName);
        } catch (AlreadyExistsException e) {
            log.warn("[{}] Failed to create namespace {} - already exists", clientAppId(), namespaceName);
            throw new RestException(Status.CONFLICT, "Namespace already exists");
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("[{}] Failed to create namespace {}", clientAppId(), namespaceName, e);
            throw new RestException(e);
        }
    }

    protected void internalDeleteNamespace(AsyncResponse asyncResponse, boolean authoritative, boolean force) {
        if (force) {
            internalDeleteNamespaceForcefully(asyncResponse, authoritative);
        } else {
            internalDeleteNamespace(asyncResponse, authoritative);
        }
    }

    @SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
    protected void internalDeleteNamespace(AsyncResponse asyncResponse, boolean authoritative) {
        validateTenantOperation(namespaceName.getTenant(), TenantOperation.DELETE_NAMESPACE);
        validatePoliciesReadOnlyAccess();

        // ensure that non-global namespace is directed to the correct cluster
        if (!namespaceName.isGlobal()) {
            validateClusterOwnership(namespaceName.getCluster());
        }

        Entry<Policies, Stat> policiesNode1 = null;
        Policies policies = null;

        // ensure the local cluster is the only cluster for the global namespace configuration
        try {
            policies = namespaceResources().get(path(POLICIES, namespaceName.toString())).orElseThrow(
                    () -> new RestException(Status.NOT_FOUND, "Namespace " + namespaceName + " does not exist."));
            if (namespaceName.isGlobal()) {
                if (policies.replication_clusters.size() > 1) {
                    // There are still more than one clusters configured for the global namespace
                    throw new RestException(Status.PRECONDITION_FAILED, "Cannot delete the global namespace "
                            + namespaceName + ". There are still more than one replication clusters configured.");
                }
                if (policies.replication_clusters.size() == 1
                        && !policies.replication_clusters.contains(config().getClusterName())) {
                    // the only replication cluster is other cluster, redirect
                    String replCluster = Lists.newArrayList(policies.replication_clusters).get(0);
                    ClusterData replClusterData = clusterResources().get(
                            AdminResource.path("clusters", replCluster))
                            .orElseThrow(() -> new RestException(Status.NOT_FOUND,
                                    "Cluster " + replCluster + " does not exist"));
                    URL replClusterUrl;
                    if (!config().isTlsEnabled() || !isRequestHttps()) {
                        replClusterUrl = new URL(replClusterData.getServiceUrl());
                    } else if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(replClusterData.getServiceUrlTls())) {
                        replClusterUrl = new URL(replClusterData.getServiceUrlTls());
                    } else {
                        throw new RestException(Status.PRECONDITION_FAILED,
                                "The replication cluster does not provide TLS encrypted service");
                    }
                    URI redirect = UriBuilder.fromUri(uri.getRequestUri()).host(replClusterUrl.getHost())
                            .port(replClusterUrl.getPort()).replaceQueryParam("authoritative", false).build();
                    if (log.isDebugEnabled()) {
                        log.debug("[{}] Redirecting the rest call to {}: cluster={}", clientAppId(), redirect,
                                replCluster);
                    }
                    throw new WebApplicationException(Response.temporaryRedirect(redirect).build());
                }
            }
        } catch (WebApplicationException wae) {
            asyncResponse.resume(wae);
            return;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            asyncResponse.resume(new RestException(e));
            return;
        }

        boolean isEmpty;
        List<String> topics;
        try {
            topics = pulsar().getNamespaceService().getListOfPersistentTopics(namespaceName)
                    .get(config().getZooKeeperOperationTimeoutSeconds(), TimeUnit.SECONDS);
            topics.addAll(getPartitionedTopicList(TopicDomain.persistent));
            topics.addAll(getPartitionedTopicList(TopicDomain.non_persistent));
            isEmpty = topics.isEmpty();

        } catch (Exception e) {
            asyncResponse.resume(new RestException(e));
            return;
        }

        if (!isEmpty) {
            if (log.isDebugEnabled()) {
                log.debug("Found topics on namespace {}", namespaceName);
            }
            boolean hasNonSystemTopic = false;
            for (String topic : topics) {
                if (!SystemTopicClient.isSystemTopic(TopicName.get(topic))) {
                    hasNonSystemTopic = true;
                    break;
                }
            }
            if (hasNonSystemTopic) {
                asyncResponse.resume(new RestException(Status.CONFLICT, "Cannot delete non empty namespace"));
                return;
            }
        }

        // set the policies to deleted so that somebody else cannot acquire this namespace
        try {
            namespaceResources().set(path(POLICIES, namespaceName.toString()), (old) -> {
                old.deleted = true;
                return old;
            });
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("[{}] Failed to delete namespace on global ZK {}", clientAppId(), namespaceName, e);
            asyncResponse.resume(new RestException(e));
            return;
        }

        // remove from owned namespace map and ephemeral node from ZK
        final List<CompletableFuture<Void>> futures = Lists.newArrayList();
        try {
            // remove system topics first.
            if (!topics.isEmpty()) {
                for (String topic : topics) {
                    pulsar().getBrokerService().getTopicIfExists(topic).whenComplete((topicOptional, ex) -> {
                        topicOptional.ifPresent(systemTopic -> futures.add(systemTopic.deleteForcefully()));
                    });
                }
            }
            NamespaceBundles bundles = pulsar().getNamespaceService().getNamespaceBundleFactory()
                    .getBundles(namespaceName);
            for (NamespaceBundle bundle : bundles.getBundles()) {
                // check if the bundle is owned by any broker, if not then we do not need to delete the bundle
                if (pulsar().getNamespaceService().getOwner(bundle).isPresent()) {
                    futures.add(pulsar().getAdminClient().namespaces()
                            .deleteNamespaceBundleAsync(namespaceName.toString(), bundle.getBundleRange()));
                }
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("[{}] Failed to remove owned namespace {}", clientAppId(), namespaceName, e);
            asyncResponse.resume(new RestException(e));
            return;
        }

        FutureUtil.waitForAll(futures).handle((result, exception) -> {
            if (exception != null) {
                if (exception.getCause() instanceof PulsarAdminException) {
                    asyncResponse.resume(new RestException((PulsarAdminException) exception.getCause()));
                    return null;
                } else {
                    log.error("[{}] Failed to remove owned namespace {}", clientAppId(), namespaceName, exception);
                    asyncResponse.resume(new RestException(exception.getCause()));
                    return null;
                }
            }

            try {
                // we have successfully removed all the ownership for the namespace, the policies znode can be deleted
                // now
                final String globalZkPolicyPath = path(POLICIES, namespaceName.toString());
                final String localZkPolicyPath = joinPath(LOCAL_POLICIES_ROOT, namespaceName.toString());
                namespaceResources().delete(globalZkPolicyPath);
                try {
                    getLocalPolicies().delete(localZkPolicyPath);
                } catch (NotFoundException nne) {
                    // If the z-node with the modified information is not there anymore, we're already good
                }
            } catch (Exception e) {
                log.error("[{}] Failed to remove owned namespace {} from ZK", clientAppId(), namespaceName, e);
                asyncResponse.resume(new RestException(e));
                return null;
            }

            asyncResponse.resume(Response.noContent().build());
            return null;
        });
    }

    @SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
    protected void internalDeleteNamespaceForcefully(AsyncResponse asyncResponse, boolean authoritative) {
        validateTenantOperation(namespaceName.getTenant(), TenantOperation.DELETE_NAMESPACE);
        validatePoliciesReadOnlyAccess();

        if (!pulsar().getConfiguration().isForceDeleteNamespaceAllowed()) {
            asyncResponse.resume(
                    new RestException(Status.METHOD_NOT_ALLOWED, "Broker doesn't allow forced deletion of namespaces"));
            return;
        }

        // ensure that non-global namespace is directed to the correct cluster
        if (!namespaceName.isGlobal()) {
            validateClusterOwnership(namespaceName.getCluster());
        }

        Policies policies = null;

        // ensure the local cluster is the only cluster for the global namespace configuration
        try {
            policies = namespaceResources().get(path(POLICIES, namespaceName.toString())).orElseThrow(
                    () -> new RestException(Status.NOT_FOUND, "Namespace " + namespaceName + " does not exist."));
            if (namespaceName.isGlobal()) {
                if (policies.replication_clusters.size() > 1) {
                    // There are still more than one clusters configured for the global namespace
                    throw new RestException(Status.PRECONDITION_FAILED, "Cannot delete the global namespace "
                            + namespaceName + ". There are still more than one replication clusters configured.");
                }
                if (policies.replication_clusters.size() == 1
                        && !policies.replication_clusters.contains(config().getClusterName())) {
                    // the only replication cluster is other cluster, redirect
                    String replCluster = Lists.newArrayList(policies.replication_clusters).get(0);
                    ClusterData replClusterData =
                            clusterResources().get(AdminResource.path("clusters", replCluster))
                            .orElseThrow(() -> new RestException(Status.NOT_FOUND,
                                    "Cluster " + replCluster + " does not exist"));
                    URL replClusterUrl;
                    if (!config().isTlsEnabled() || !isRequestHttps()) {
                        replClusterUrl = new URL(replClusterData.getServiceUrl());
                    } else if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(replClusterData.getServiceUrlTls())) {
                        replClusterUrl = new URL(replClusterData.getServiceUrlTls());
                    } else {
                        throw new RestException(Status.PRECONDITION_FAILED,
                                "The replication cluster does not provide TLS encrypted service");
                    }
                    URI redirect = UriBuilder.fromUri(uri.getRequestUri()).host(replClusterUrl.getHost())
                            .port(replClusterUrl.getPort()).replaceQueryParam("authoritative", false).build();
                    if (log.isDebugEnabled()) {
                        log.debug("[{}] Redirecting the rest call to {}: cluster={}", clientAppId(), redirect,
                                replCluster);
                    }
                    throw new WebApplicationException(Response.temporaryRedirect(redirect).build());
                }
            }
        } catch (WebApplicationException wae) {
            asyncResponse.resume(wae);
            return;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            asyncResponse.resume(new RestException(e));
            return;
        }

        List<String> topics;
        try {
            topics = pulsar().getNamespaceService().getFullListOfTopics(namespaceName).join();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            asyncResponse.resume(new RestException(e));
            return;
        }

        // set the policies to deleted so that somebody else cannot acquire this namespace
        try {
            namespaceResources().set(path(POLICIES, namespaceName.toString()), (old) -> {
                old.deleted = true;
                return old;
            });
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("[{}] Failed to delete namespace on global ZK {}", clientAppId(), namespaceName, e);
            asyncResponse.resume(new RestException(e));
            return;
        }

        // remove from owned namespace map and ephemeral node from ZK
        final List<CompletableFuture<Void>> futures = Lists.newArrayList();
        try {
            // firstly remove all topics including system topics
            if (!topics.isEmpty()) {
                for (String topic : topics) {
                    try {
                        futures.add(pulsar().getAdminClient().topics().deleteAsync(topic, true, true));
                    } catch (Exception e) {
                        log.error("[{}] Failed to force delete topic {}", clientAppId(), topic, e);
                        asyncResponse.resume(new RestException(e));
                    }
                }
            }
            // forcefully delete namespace bundles
            NamespaceBundles bundles = pulsar().getNamespaceService().getNamespaceBundleFactory()
                    .getBundles(namespaceName);
            for (NamespaceBundle bundle : bundles.getBundles()) {
                // check if the bundle is owned by any broker, if not then we do not need to delete the bundle
                if (pulsar().getNamespaceService().getOwner(bundle).isPresent()) {
                    futures.add(pulsar().getAdminClient().namespaces()
                            .deleteNamespaceBundleAsync(namespaceName.toString(), bundle.getBundleRange(), true));
                }
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("[{}] Failed to remove owned namespace {}", clientAppId(), namespaceName, e);
            asyncResponse.resume(new RestException(e));
            return;
        }

        FutureUtil.waitForAll(futures).handle((result, exception) -> {
            if (exception != null) {
                if (exception.getCause() instanceof PulsarAdminException) {
                    asyncResponse.resume(new RestException((PulsarAdminException) exception.getCause()));
                    return null;
                } else {
                    log.error("[{}] Failed to remove owned namespace {}", clientAppId(), namespaceName, exception);
                    asyncResponse.resume(new RestException(exception.getCause()));
                    return null;
                }
            }

            try {
                // remove partitioned topics znode
                final String globalPartitionedPath = path(PARTITIONED_TOPIC_PATH_ZNODE, namespaceName.toString());
                // check whether partitioned topics znode exist
                if (namespaceResources().exists(globalPartitionedPath)) {
                    deleteRecursive(namespaceResources(), globalPartitionedPath);
                }

                // we have successfully removed all the ownership for the namespace, the policies znode can be deleted
                // now
                final String globalZkPolicyPath = path(POLICIES, namespaceName.toString());
                final String localZkPolicyPath = joinPath(LOCAL_POLICIES_ROOT, namespaceName.toString());
                namespaceResources().delete(globalZkPolicyPath);

                try {
                    getLocalPolicies().delete(localZkPolicyPath);
                } catch (NotFoundException nne) {
                    // If the z-node with the modified information is not there anymore, we're already good
                }
            } catch (Exception e) {
                log.error("[{}] Failed to remove owned namespace {} from ZK", clientAppId(), namespaceName, e);
                asyncResponse.resume(new RestException(e));
                return null;
            }

            asyncResponse.resume(Response.noContent().build());
            return null;
        });
    }

    protected void internalDeleteNamespaceBundle(String bundleRange, boolean authoritative, boolean force) {
        if (force) {
            internalDeleteNamespaceBundleForcefully(bundleRange, authoritative);
        } else {
            internalDeleteNamespaceBundle(bundleRange, authoritative);
        }
    }

    @SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
    protected void internalDeleteNamespaceBundle(String bundleRange, boolean authoritative) {
        validateNamespaceOperation(namespaceName, NamespaceOperation.DELETE_BUNDLE);
        validatePoliciesReadOnlyAccess();

        // ensure that non-global namespace is directed to the correct cluster
        if (!namespaceName.isGlobal()) {
            validateClusterOwnership(namespaceName.getCluster());
        }

        Policies policies = getNamespacePolicies(namespaceName);
        // ensure the local cluster is the only cluster for the global namespace configuration
        try {
            if (namespaceName.isGlobal()) {
                if (policies.replication_clusters.size() > 1) {
                    // There are still more than one clusters configured for the global namespace
                    throw new RestException(Status.PRECONDITION_FAILED, "Cannot delete the global namespace "
                            + namespaceName + ". There are still more than one replication clusters configured.");
                }
                if (policies.replication_clusters.size() == 1
                        && !policies.replication_clusters.contains(config().getClusterName())) {
                    // the only replication cluster is other cluster, redirect
                    String replCluster = Lists.newArrayList(policies.replication_clusters).get(0);
                    ClusterData replClusterData =
                            clusterResources().get(AdminResource.path("clusters", replCluster))
                            .orElseThrow(() -> new RestException(Status.NOT_FOUND,
                                    "Cluster " + replCluster + " does not exist"));
                    URL replClusterUrl;
                    if (!config().isTlsEnabled() || !isRequestHttps()) {
                        replClusterUrl = new URL(replClusterData.getServiceUrl());
                    } else if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(replClusterData.getServiceUrlTls())) {
                        replClusterUrl = new URL(replClusterData.getServiceUrlTls());
                    } else {
                        throw new RestException(Status.PRECONDITION_FAILED,
                                "The replication cluster does not provide TLS encrypted service");
                    }
                    URI redirect = UriBuilder.fromUri(uri.getRequestUri()).host(replClusterUrl.getHost())
                            .port(replClusterUrl.getPort()).replaceQueryParam("authoritative", false).build();
                    if (log.isDebugEnabled()) {
                        log.debug("[{}] Redirecting the rest call to {}: cluster={}",
                                clientAppId(), redirect, replCluster);
                    }
                    throw new WebApplicationException(Response.temporaryRedirect(redirect).build());
                }
            }
        } catch (WebApplicationException wae) {
            throw wae;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            throw new RestException(e);
        }

        try {
            NamespaceBundle bundle = validateNamespaceBundleOwnership(namespaceName, policies.bundles, bundleRange,
                authoritative, true);
            List<String> topics = pulsar().getNamespaceService().getListOfPersistentTopics(namespaceName).join();
            for (String topic : topics) {
                NamespaceBundle topicBundle = pulsar().getNamespaceService()
                        .getBundle(TopicName.get(topic));
                if (bundle.equals(topicBundle)) {
                    throw new RestException(Status.CONFLICT, "Cannot delete non empty bundle");
                }
            }

            // remove from owned namespace map and ephemeral node from ZK
            pulsar().getNamespaceService().removeOwnedServiceUnit(bundle);
        } catch (WebApplicationException wae) {
            throw wae;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("[{}] Failed to remove namespace bundle {}/{}", clientAppId(), namespaceName.toString(),
                    bundleRange, e);
            throw new RestException(e);
        }
    }

    @SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
    protected void internalDeleteNamespaceBundleForcefully(String bundleRange, boolean authoritative) {
        validateNamespaceOperation(namespaceName, NamespaceOperation.DELETE_BUNDLE);
        validatePoliciesReadOnlyAccess();

        // ensure that non-global namespace is directed to the correct cluster
        if (!namespaceName.isGlobal()) {
            validateClusterOwnership(namespaceName.getCluster());
        }

        Policies policies = getNamespacePolicies(namespaceName);
        // ensure the local cluster is the only cluster for the global namespace configuration
        try {
            if (namespaceName.isGlobal()) {
                if (policies.replication_clusters.size() > 1) {
                    // There are still more than one clusters configured for the global namespace
                    throw new RestException(Status.PRECONDITION_FAILED, "Cannot delete the global namespace "
                            + namespaceName + ". There are still more than one replication clusters configured.");
                }
                if (policies.replication_clusters.size() == 1
                        && !policies.replication_clusters.contains(config().getClusterName())) {
                    // the only replication cluster is other cluster, redirect
                    String replCluster = Lists.newArrayList(policies.replication_clusters).get(0);
                    ClusterData replClusterData =
                            clusterResources().get(AdminResource.path("clusters", replCluster))
                            .orElseThrow(() -> new RestException(Status.NOT_FOUND,
                                    "Cluster " + replCluster + " does not exist"));
                    URL replClusterUrl;
                    if (!config().isTlsEnabled() || !isRequestHttps()) {
                        replClusterUrl = new URL(replClusterData.getServiceUrl());
                    } else if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(replClusterData.getServiceUrlTls())) {
                        replClusterUrl = new URL(replClusterData.getServiceUrlTls());
                    } else {
                        throw new RestException(Status.PRECONDITION_FAILED,
                                "The replication cluster does not provide TLS encrypted service");
                    }
                    URI redirect = UriBuilder.fromUri(uri.getRequestUri()).host(replClusterUrl.getHost())
                            .port(replClusterUrl.getPort())
                            .replaceQueryParam("authoritative", false).build();
                    if (log.isDebugEnabled()) {
                        log.debug("[{}] Redirecting the rest call to {}: cluster={}",
                                clientAppId(), redirect, replCluster);
                    }
                    throw new WebApplicationException(Response.temporaryRedirect(redirect).build());
                }
            }
        } catch (WebApplicationException wae) {
            throw wae;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            throw new RestException(e);
        }

        try {
            NamespaceBundle bundle = validateNamespaceBundleOwnership(namespaceName, policies.bundles, bundleRange,
                authoritative, true);
            // directly remove from owned namespace map and ephemeral node from ZK
            pulsar().getNamespaceService().removeOwnedServiceUnit(bundle);
        } catch (WebApplicationException wae) {
            throw wae;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("[{}] Failed to remove namespace bundle {}/{}", clientAppId(), namespaceName.toString(),
                    bundleRange, e);
            throw new RestException(e);
        }
    }

    protected void internalGrantPermissionOnNamespace(String role, Set<AuthAction> actions) {
        validateNamespaceOperation(namespaceName, NamespaceOperation.GRANT_PERMISSION);
        checkNotNull(role, "Role should not be null");
        checkNotNull(actions, "Actions should not be null");

        try {
            AuthorizationService authService = pulsar().getBrokerService().getAuthorizationService();
            if (null != authService) {
                authService.grantPermissionAsync(namespaceName, actions, role, null/*additional auth-data json*/)
                        .get();
            } else {
                throw new RestException(Status.NOT_IMPLEMENTED, "Authorization is not enabled");
            }
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            log.error("[{}] Failed to get permissions for namespace {}", clientAppId(), namespaceName, e);
            throw new RestException(e);
        } catch (ExecutionException e) {
            if (e.getCause() instanceof IllegalArgumentException) {
                log.warn("[{}] Failed to set permissions for namespace {}: does not exist", clientAppId(),
                        namespaceName, e);
                throw new RestException(Status.NOT_FOUND, "Namespace does not exist");
            } else if (e.getCause() instanceof IllegalStateException) {
                log.warn("[{}] Failed to set permissions for namespace {}: {}",
                        clientAppId(), namespaceName, e.getCause().getMessage(), e);
                throw new RestException(Status.CONFLICT, "Concurrent modification");
            } else {
                log.error("[{}] Failed to get permissions for namespace {}", clientAppId(), namespaceName, e);
                throw new RestException(e);
            }
        }
    }


    protected void internalGrantPermissionOnSubscription(String subscription, Set<String> roles) {
        validateNamespaceOperation(namespaceName, NamespaceOperation.GRANT_PERMISSION);
        checkNotNull(subscription, "Subscription should not be null");
        checkNotNull(roles, "Roles should not be null");

        try {
            AuthorizationService authService = pulsar().getBrokerService().getAuthorizationService();
            if (null != authService) {
                authService.grantSubscriptionPermissionAsync(namespaceName, subscription, roles,
                        null/* additional auth-data json */).get();
            } else {
                throw new RestException(Status.NOT_IMPLEMENTED, "Authorization is not enabled");
            }
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            log.error("[{}] Failed to get permissions for namespace {}", clientAppId(), namespaceName, e);
            throw new RestException(e);
        } catch (ExecutionException e) {
            if (e.getCause() instanceof IllegalArgumentException) {
                log.warn("[{}] Failed to set permissions for namespace {}: does not exist", clientAppId(),
                        namespaceName);
                throw new RestException(Status.NOT_FOUND, "Namespace does not exist");
            } else if (e.getCause() instanceof IllegalStateException) {
                log.warn("[{}] Failed to set permissions for namespace {}: concurrent modification", clientAppId(),
                        namespaceName);
                throw new RestException(Status.CONFLICT, "Concurrent modification");
            } else {
                log.error("[{}] Failed to get permissions for namespace {}", clientAppId(), namespaceName, e);
                throw new RestException(e);
            }
        }
    }

    protected void internalRevokePermissionsOnNamespace(String role) {
        validateNamespaceOperation(namespaceName, NamespaceOperation.REVOKE_PERMISSION);
        validatePoliciesReadOnlyAccess();
        checkNotNull(role, "Role should not be null");
        updatePolicies(path(POLICIES, namespaceName.toString()), policies ->{
            policies.auth_policies.getNamespaceAuthentication().remove(role);
            return policies;
        });
    }

    protected void internalRevokePermissionsOnSubscription(String subscriptionName, String role) {
        validateNamespaceOperation(namespaceName, NamespaceOperation.REVOKE_PERMISSION);
        validatePoliciesReadOnlyAccess();
        checkNotNull(subscriptionName, "SubscriptionName should not be null");
        checkNotNull(role, "Role should not be null");

        AuthorizationService authService = pulsar().getBrokerService().getAuthorizationService();
        if (null != authService) {
            authService.revokeSubscriptionPermissionAsync(namespaceName, subscriptionName, role,
                    null/* additional auth-data json */);
        } else {
            throw new RestException(Status.NOT_IMPLEMENTED, "Authorization is not enabled");
        }
    }

    protected Set<String> internalGetNamespaceReplicationClusters() {
        validateNamespacePolicyOperation(namespaceName, PolicyName.REPLICATION, PolicyOperation.READ);

        if (!namespaceName.isGlobal()) {
            throw new RestException(Status.PRECONDITION_FAILED,
                    "Cannot get the replication clusters for a non-global namespace");
        }

        Policies policies = getNamespacePolicies(namespaceName);
        return policies.replication_clusters;
    }

    protected void internalSetNamespaceReplicationClusters(List<String> clusterIds) {
        validateNamespacePolicyOperation(namespaceName, PolicyName.REPLICATION, PolicyOperation.WRITE);
        validatePoliciesReadOnlyAccess();
        checkNotNull(clusterIds, "ClusterIds should not be null");

        Set<String> replicationClusterSet = Sets.newHashSet(clusterIds);
        if (!namespaceName.isGlobal()) {
            throw new RestException(Status.PRECONDITION_FAILED, "Cannot set replication on a non-global namespace");
        }

        if (replicationClusterSet.contains("global")) {
            throw new RestException(Status.PRECONDITION_FAILED,
                    "Cannot specify global in the list of replication clusters");
        }

        Set<String> clusters = clusters();
        for (String clusterId : replicationClusterSet) {
            if (!clusters.contains(clusterId)) {
                throw new RestException(Status.FORBIDDEN, "Invalid cluster id: " + clusterId);
            }
            validatePeerClusterConflict(clusterId, replicationClusterSet);
            validateClusterForTenant(namespaceName.getTenant(), clusterId);
        }
        updatePolicies(path(POLICIES, namespaceName.toString()), policies ->{
            policies.replication_clusters = replicationClusterSet;
            return policies;
        });
    }

    protected void internalSetNamespaceMessageTTL(Integer messageTTL) {
        validateNamespacePolicyOperation(namespaceName, PolicyName.TTL, PolicyOperation.WRITE);
        validatePoliciesReadOnlyAccess();
        if (messageTTL != null && messageTTL < 0) {
            throw new RestException(Status.PRECONDITION_FAILED, "Invalid value for message TTL");
        }
        updatePolicies(path(POLICIES, namespaceName.toString()), (policies)->{
            policies.message_ttl_in_seconds = messageTTL;
            return policies;
        });
    }

    protected void internalSetSubscriptionExpirationTime(Integer expirationTime) {
        validateNamespacePolicyOperation(namespaceName, PolicyName.SUBSCRIPTION_EXPIRATION_TIME, PolicyOperation.WRITE);
        validatePoliciesReadOnlyAccess();

        if (expirationTime != null && expirationTime < 0) {
            throw new RestException(Status.PRECONDITION_FAILED, "Invalid value for subscription expiration time");
        }
        updatePolicies(path(POLICIES, namespaceName.toString()), (policies) -> {
            policies.subscription_expiration_time_minutes = expirationTime;
            return policies;
        });
    }

    protected void internalSetAutoTopicCreation(AsyncResponse asyncResponse,
                                                AutoTopicCreationOverride autoTopicCreationOverride) {
        final int maxPartitions = pulsar().getConfig().getMaxNumPartitionsPerPartitionedTopic();
        validateNamespacePolicyOperation(namespaceName, PolicyName.AUTO_TOPIC_CREATION, PolicyOperation.WRITE);
        validatePoliciesReadOnlyAccess();
        if (autoTopicCreationOverride != null) {
            if (!AutoTopicCreationOverrideImpl.isValidOverride(autoTopicCreationOverride)) {
                throw new RestException(Status.PRECONDITION_FAILED,
                        "Invalid configuration for autoTopicCreationOverride");
            }
            if (maxPartitions > 0 && autoTopicCreationOverride.getDefaultNumPartitions() > maxPartitions) {
                throw new RestException(Status.NOT_ACCEPTABLE,
                        "Number of partitions should be less than or equal to " + maxPartitions);
            }
        }
        // Force to read the data s.t. the watch to the cache content is setup.
        namespaceResources().setAsync(path(POLICIES, namespaceName.toString()), (policies) -> {
            policies.autoTopicCreationOverride = autoTopicCreationOverride;
            return policies;
        }).thenApply(r -> {
            String autoOverride = (autoTopicCreationOverride != null
                    && autoTopicCreationOverride.isAllowAutoTopicCreation()) ? "enabled" : "disabled";
            log.info("[{}] Successfully {} autoTopicCreation on namespace {}", clientAppId(),
                    autoOverride != null ? autoOverride : "removed", namespaceName);
            asyncResponse.resume(Response.noContent().build());
            return null;
        }).exceptionally(e -> {
            log.error("[{}] Failed to modify autoTopicCreation status on namespace {}", clientAppId(), namespaceName,
                    e.getCause());
            if (e.getCause() instanceof NotFoundException) {
                asyncResponse.resume(new RestException(Status.NOT_FOUND, "Namespace does not exist"));
                return null;
            }
            asyncResponse.resume(new RestException(e.getCause()));
            return null;
        });
    }

    protected void internalRemoveAutoTopicCreation(AsyncResponse asyncResponse) {
        internalSetAutoTopicCreation(asyncResponse, null);
    }

    protected void internalSetAutoSubscriptionCreation(
            AsyncResponse asyncResponse, AutoSubscriptionCreationOverride autoSubscriptionCreationOverride) {
        validateNamespacePolicyOperation(namespaceName, PolicyName.AUTO_SUBSCRIPTION_CREATION, PolicyOperation.WRITE);
        validatePoliciesReadOnlyAccess();

        // Force to read the data s.t. the watch to the cache content is setup.
        namespaceResources().setAsync(path(POLICIES, namespaceName.toString()), (policies) -> {
            policies.autoSubscriptionCreationOverride = autoSubscriptionCreationOverride;
            return policies;
        }).thenApply(r -> {
            if (autoSubscriptionCreationOverride != null) {
                String autoOverride = autoSubscriptionCreationOverride.isAllowAutoSubscriptionCreation() ? "enabled"
                        : "disabled";
                log.info("[{}] Successfully {} autoSubscriptionCreation on namespace {}", clientAppId(),
                        autoOverride != null ? autoOverride : "removed", namespaceName);
            }
            asyncResponse.resume(Response.noContent().build());
            return null;
        }).exceptionally(e -> {
            log.error("[{}] Failed to modify autoSubscriptionCreation status on namespace {}", clientAppId(),
                    namespaceName, e.getCause());
            if (e.getCause() instanceof NotFoundException) {
                asyncResponse.resume(new RestException(Status.NOT_FOUND, "Namespace does not exist"));
                return null;
            }
            asyncResponse.resume(new RestException(e.getCause()));
            return null;
        });
    }

    protected void internalRemoveAutoSubscriptionCreation(AsyncResponse asyncResponse) {
        internalSetAutoSubscriptionCreation(asyncResponse, null);
    }

    protected void internalModifyDeduplication(Boolean enableDeduplication) {
        validateNamespacePolicyOperation(namespaceName, PolicyName.DEDUPLICATION, PolicyOperation.WRITE);
        validatePoliciesReadOnlyAccess();
        updatePolicies(path(POLICIES, namespaceName.toString()), policies ->{
            policies.deduplicationEnabled = enableDeduplication;
            return policies;
        });
    }

    @SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
    protected void internalUnloadNamespace(AsyncResponse asyncResponse) {
        validateSuperUserAccess();
        log.info("[{}] Unloading namespace {}", clientAppId(), namespaceName);

        if (namespaceName.isGlobal()) {
            // check cluster ownership for a given global namespace: redirect if peer-cluster owns it
            validateGlobalNamespaceOwnership(namespaceName);
        } else {
            validateClusterOwnership(namespaceName.getCluster());
            validateClusterForTenant(namespaceName.getTenant(), namespaceName.getCluster());
        }

        Policies policies = getNamespacePolicies(namespaceName);

        final List<CompletableFuture<Void>> futures = Lists.newArrayList();
        List<String> boundaries = policies.bundles.getBoundaries();
        for (int i = 0; i < boundaries.size() - 1; i++) {
            String bundle = String.format("%s_%s", boundaries.get(i), boundaries.get(i + 1));
            try {
                futures.add(pulsar().getAdminClient().namespaces().unloadNamespaceBundleAsync(namespaceName.toString(),
                        bundle));
            } catch (PulsarServerException e) {
                log.error("[{}] Failed to unload namespace {}", clientAppId(), namespaceName, e);
                asyncResponse.resume(new RestException(e));
                return;
            }
        }

        FutureUtil.waitForAll(futures).handle((result, exception) -> {
            if (exception != null) {
                log.error("[{}] Failed to unload namespace {}", clientAppId(), namespaceName, exception);
                if (exception.getCause() instanceof PulsarAdminException) {
                    asyncResponse.resume(new RestException((PulsarAdminException) exception.getCause()));
                    return null;
                } else {
                    asyncResponse.resume(new RestException(exception.getCause()));
                    return null;
                }
            }
            log.info("[{}] Successfully unloaded all the bundles in namespace {}", clientAppId(), namespaceName);
            asyncResponse.resume(Response.noContent().build());
            return null;
        });
    }


    protected void internalSetBookieAffinityGroup(BookieAffinityGroupData bookieAffinityGroup) {
        validateSuperUserAccess();
        log.info("[{}] Setting bookie-affinity-group {} for namespace {}", clientAppId(), bookieAffinityGroup,
                this.namespaceName);

        if (namespaceName.isGlobal()) {
            // check cluster ownership for a given global namespace: redirect if peer-cluster owns it
            validateGlobalNamespaceOwnership(namespaceName);
        } else {
            validateClusterOwnership(namespaceName.getCluster());
            validateClusterForTenant(namespaceName.getTenant(), namespaceName.getCluster());
        }

        String path = joinPath(LOCAL_POLICIES_ROOT, this.namespaceName.toString());
        try {
            getLocalPolicies().setWithCreate(path, (oldPolicies) -> {
                LocalPolicies localPolicies = oldPolicies.map(
                        policies -> new LocalPolicies(policies.bundles,
                                bookieAffinityGroup,
                                policies.namespaceAntiAffinityGroup))
                        .orElseGet(() -> new LocalPolicies(defaultBundle(),
                                bookieAffinityGroup,
                                null));
                log.info("[{}] Successfully updated local-policies configuration: namespace={}, map={}", clientAppId(),
                        namespaceName, localPolicies);
                return localPolicies;
            });
        } catch (NotFoundException e) {
            log.warn("[{}] Failed to update local-policy configuration for namespace {}: does not exist", clientAppId(),
                    namespaceName);
            throw new RestException(Status.NOT_FOUND, "Namespace does not exist");
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("[{}] Failed to update local-policy configuration for namespace {}", clientAppId(), namespaceName,
                    e);
            throw new RestException(e);
        }
    }

    protected void internalDeleteBookieAffinityGroup() {
        internalSetBookieAffinityGroup(null);
    }

    protected BookieAffinityGroupData internalGetBookieAffinityGroup() {
        validateSuperUserAccess();

        if (namespaceName.isGlobal()) {
            // check cluster ownership for a given global namespace: redirect if peer-cluster owns it
            validateGlobalNamespaceOwnership(namespaceName);
        } else {
            validateClusterOwnership(namespaceName.getCluster());
            validateClusterForTenant(namespaceName.getTenant(), namespaceName.getCluster());
        }
        String path = joinPath(LOCAL_POLICIES_ROOT, this.namespaceName.toString());
        try {
            final BookieAffinityGroupData bookkeeperAffinityGroup = getLocalPolicies().get(path)
                    .orElseThrow(() -> new RestException(Status.NOT_FOUND,
                            "Namespace local-policies does not exist")).bookieAffinityGroup;
            if (bookkeeperAffinityGroup == null) {
                throw new RestException(Status.NOT_FOUND, "bookie-affinity group does not exist");
            }
            return bookkeeperAffinityGroup;
        } catch (NotFoundException e) {
            log.warn("[{}] Failed to update local-policy configuration for namespace {}: does not exist",
                    clientAppId(), namespaceName);
            throw new RestException(Status.NOT_FOUND, "Namespace policies does not exist");
        } catch (RestException re) {
            throw re;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("[{}] Failed to get local-policy configuration for namespace {} at path {}", clientAppId(),
                    namespaceName, path, e);
            throw new RestException(e);
        }
    }

    @SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
    public void internalUnloadNamespaceBundle(AsyncResponse asyncResponse, String bundleRange, boolean authoritative) {
        validateSuperUserAccess();
        checkNotNull(bundleRange, "BundleRange should not be null");
        log.info("[{}] Unloading namespace bundle {}/{}", clientAppId(), namespaceName, bundleRange);

        Policies policies = getNamespacePolicies(namespaceName);

        NamespaceBundle bundle =
                pulsar().getNamespaceService().getNamespaceBundleFactory()
                        .getBundle(namespaceName.toString(), bundleRange);
        boolean isOwnedByLocalCluster = false;
        try {
            isOwnedByLocalCluster = pulsar().getNamespaceService().isNamespaceBundleOwned(bundle).get();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            if (log.isDebugEnabled()) {
                log.debug("Failed to validate cluster ownership for {}-{}, {}",
                        namespaceName.toString(), bundleRange, e.getMessage(), e);
            }
        }

        // validate namespace ownership only if namespace is not owned by local-cluster (it happens when broker doesn't
        // receive replication-cluster change watch and still owning bundle
        if (!isOwnedByLocalCluster) {
            if (namespaceName.isGlobal()) {
                // check cluster ownership for a given global namespace: redirect if peer-cluster owns it
                validateGlobalNamespaceOwnership(namespaceName);
            } else {
                validateClusterOwnership(namespaceName.getCluster());
                validateClusterForTenant(namespaceName.getTenant(), namespaceName.getCluster());
            }
        }

        validatePoliciesReadOnlyAccess();

        isBundleOwnedByAnyBroker(namespaceName, policies.bundles, bundleRange).thenAccept(flag -> {
            if (!flag) {
                log.info("[{}] Namespace bundle is not owned by any broker {}/{}", clientAppId(), namespaceName,
                        bundleRange);
                asyncResponse.resume(Response.noContent().build());
                return;
            }
            NamespaceBundle nsBundle;

            try {
                nsBundle = validateNamespaceBundleOwnership(namespaceName, policies.bundles, bundleRange,
                    authoritative, true);
            } catch (WebApplicationException wae) {
                asyncResponse.resume(wae);
                return;
            }

            pulsar().getNamespaceService().unloadNamespaceBundle(nsBundle)
                    .thenRun(() -> {
                        log.info("[{}] Successfully unloaded namespace bundle {}", clientAppId(), nsBundle.toString());
                        asyncResponse.resume(Response.noContent().build());
                    }).exceptionally(ex -> {
                log.error("[{}] Failed to unload namespace bundle {}/{}", clientAppId(), namespaceName, bundleRange,
                        ex);
                asyncResponse.resume(new RestException(ex));
                return null;
            });
        }).exceptionally((ex) -> {
            if (ex.getCause() instanceof WebApplicationException) {
                asyncResponse.resume(ex.getCause());
            } else {
                asyncResponse.resume(new RestException(ex.getCause()));
            }
            return null;
        });
    }

    @SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
    protected void internalSplitNamespaceBundle(AsyncResponse asyncResponse, String bundleRange,
                                                boolean authoritative, boolean unload, String splitAlgorithmName) {
        validateSuperUserAccess();
        checkNotNull(bundleRange, "BundleRange should not be null");
        log.info("[{}] Split namespace bundle {}/{}", clientAppId(), namespaceName, bundleRange);

        Policies policies = getNamespacePolicies(namespaceName);

        if (namespaceName.isGlobal()) {
            // check cluster ownership for a given global namespace: redirect if peer-cluster owns it
            validateGlobalNamespaceOwnership(namespaceName);
        } else {
            validateClusterOwnership(namespaceName.getCluster());
            validateClusterForTenant(namespaceName.getTenant(), namespaceName.getCluster());
        }

        validatePoliciesReadOnlyAccess();

        List<String> supportedNamespaceBundleSplitAlgorithms =
                pulsar().getConfig().getSupportedNamespaceBundleSplitAlgorithms();
        if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(splitAlgorithmName)
                && !supportedNamespaceBundleSplitAlgorithms.contains(splitAlgorithmName)) {
            asyncResponse.resume(new RestException(Status.PRECONDITION_FAILED,
                    "Unsupported namespace bundle split algorithm, supported algorithms are "
                            + supportedNamespaceBundleSplitAlgorithms));
        }

        NamespaceBundle nsBundle;

        try {
            nsBundle = validateNamespaceBundleOwnership(namespaceName, policies.bundles, bundleRange,
                    authoritative, true);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            asyncResponse.resume(e);
            return;
        }

        pulsar().getNamespaceService().splitAndOwnBundle(nsBundle, unload,
                getNamespaceBundleSplitAlgorithmByName(splitAlgorithmName))
                .thenRun(() -> {
                    log.info("[{}] Successfully split namespace bundle {}", clientAppId(), nsBundle.toString());
                    asyncResponse.resume(Response.noContent().build());
                }).exceptionally(ex -> {
            if (ex.getCause() instanceof IllegalArgumentException) {
                log.error("[{}] Failed to split namespace bundle {}/{} due to {}", clientAppId(), namespaceName,
                        bundleRange, ex.getMessage());
                asyncResponse.resume(new RestException(Status.PRECONDITION_FAILED,
                        "Split bundle failed due to invalid request"));
            } else {
                log.error("[{}] Failed to split namespace bundle {}/{}", clientAppId(), namespaceName, bundleRange, ex);
                asyncResponse.resume(new RestException(ex.getCause()));
            }
            return null;
        });
    }

    private NamespaceBundleSplitAlgorithm getNamespaceBundleSplitAlgorithmByName(String algorithmName) {
        NamespaceBundleSplitAlgorithm algorithm = NamespaceBundleSplitAlgorithm.of(algorithmName);
        if (algorithm == null) {
            algorithm = NamespaceBundleSplitAlgorithm.of(
                    pulsar().getConfig().getDefaultNamespaceBundleSplitAlgorithm());
        }
        if (algorithm == null) {
            algorithm = NamespaceBundleSplitAlgorithm.RANGE_EQUALLY_DIVIDE_ALGO;
        }
        return algorithm;
    }

    protected void internalSetPublishRate(PublishRate maxPublishMessageRate) {
        validateSuperUserAccess();
        log.info("[{}] Set namespace publish-rate {}/{}", clientAppId(), namespaceName, maxPublishMessageRate);
        final String path = path(POLICIES, namespaceName.toString());
        updatePolicies(path, (policies) -> {
            policies.publishMaxMessageRate.put(pulsar().getConfiguration().getClusterName(), maxPublishMessageRate);
            return policies;
        });
        log.info("[{}] Successfully updated the publish_max_message_rate for cluster on namespace {}", clientAppId(),
                namespaceName);
    }

    protected void internalRemovePublishRate() {
        validateSuperUserAccess();
        log.info("[{}] Remove namespace publish-rate {}/{}", clientAppId(), namespaceName, topicName);
        try {
            final String path = path(POLICIES, namespaceName.toString());
            updatePolicies(path, (policies) -> {
                if (policies.publishMaxMessageRate != null) {
                    policies.publishMaxMessageRate.remove(pulsar().getConfiguration().getClusterName());
                }
                return policies;
            });
            log.info("[{}] Successfully remove the publish_max_message_rate for cluster on namespace {}", clientAppId(),
                    namespaceName);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("[{}] Failed to remove the publish_max_message_rate for cluster on namespace {}", clientAppId(),
                    namespaceName, e);
            throw new RestException(e);
        }
    }

    protected PublishRate internalGetPublishRate() {
        validateNamespacePolicyOperation(namespaceName, PolicyName.RATE, PolicyOperation.READ);

        Policies policies = getNamespacePolicies(namespaceName);
        PublishRate publishRate = policies.publishMaxMessageRate.get(pulsar().getConfiguration().getClusterName());
        if (publishRate != null) {
            return publishRate;
        } else {
            throw new RestException(Status.NOT_FOUND,
                    "Publish-rate is not configured for cluster " + pulsar().getConfiguration().getClusterName());
        }
    }

    @SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
    protected void internalSetTopicDispatchRate(DispatchRateImpl dispatchRate) {
        validateSuperUserAccess();
        log.info("[{}] Set namespace dispatch-rate {}/{}", clientAppId(), namespaceName, dispatchRate);

        try {
            final String path = path(POLICIES, namespaceName.toString());
            updatePolicies(path, (policies)->{
                policies.topicDispatchRate.put(pulsar().getConfiguration().getClusterName(), dispatchRate);
                policies.clusterDispatchRate.put(pulsar().getConfiguration().getClusterName(), dispatchRate);
                return policies;
            });
            log.info("[{}] Successfully updated the dispatchRate for cluster on namespace {}", clientAppId(),
                    namespaceName);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("[{}] Failed to update the dispatchRate for cluster on namespace {}", clientAppId(),
                    namespaceName, e);
            throw new RestException(e);
        }
    }

    protected void internalDeleteTopicDispatchRate() {
        validateSuperUserAccess();
        try {
            final String path = path(POLICIES, namespaceName.toString());
            updatePolicies(path, (policies) -> {
                policies.topicDispatchRate.remove(pulsar().getConfiguration().getClusterName());
                policies.clusterDispatchRate.remove(pulsar().getConfiguration().getClusterName());
                return policies;
            });
            log.info("[{}] Successfully delete the dispatchRate for cluster on namespace {}", clientAppId(),
                    namespaceName);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("[{}] Failed to delete the dispatchRate for cluster on namespace {}", clientAppId(),
                    namespaceName, e);
            throw new RestException(e);
        }
    }

    @SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
    protected DispatchRate internalGetTopicDispatchRate() {
        validateNamespacePolicyOperation(namespaceName, PolicyName.RATE, PolicyOperation.READ);

        Policies policies = getNamespacePolicies(namespaceName);
        return policies.topicDispatchRate.get(pulsar().getConfiguration().getClusterName());
    }

    protected void internalSetSubscriptionDispatchRate(DispatchRateImpl dispatchRate) {
        validateSuperUserAccess();
        log.info("[{}] Set namespace subscription dispatch-rate {}/{}", clientAppId(), namespaceName, dispatchRate);

        try {
            final String path = path(POLICIES, namespaceName.toString());
            updatePolicies(path, (policies) -> {
                policies.subscriptionDispatchRate.put(pulsar().getConfiguration().getClusterName(), dispatchRate);
                return policies;
            });
            log.info("[{}] Successfully updated the subscriptionDispatchRate for cluster on namespace {}",
                    clientAppId(), namespaceName);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("[{}] Failed to update the subscriptionDispatchRate for cluster on namespace {}", clientAppId(),
                    namespaceName, e);
            throw new RestException(e);
        }
    }

    protected void internalDeleteSubscriptionDispatchRate() {
        validateSuperUserAccess();

        try {
            final String path = path(POLICIES, namespaceName.toString());
            updatePolicies(path, (policies) -> {
                policies.subscriptionDispatchRate.remove(pulsar().getConfiguration().getClusterName());
                return policies;
            });
            log.info("[{}] Successfully delete the subscriptionDispatchRate for cluster on namespace {}",
                    clientAppId(), namespaceName);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("[{}] Failed to delete the subscriptionDispatchRate for cluster on namespace {}", clientAppId(),
                    namespaceName, e);
            throw new RestException(e);
        }
    }

    protected DispatchRate internalGetSubscriptionDispatchRate() {
        validateNamespacePolicyOperation(namespaceName, PolicyName.RATE, PolicyOperation.READ);

        Policies policies = getNamespacePolicies(namespaceName);
        return policies.subscriptionDispatchRate.get(pulsar().getConfiguration().getClusterName());
    }

    protected void internalSetSubscribeRate(SubscribeRate subscribeRate) {
        validateSuperUserAccess();
        log.info("[{}] Set namespace subscribe-rate {}/{}", clientAppId(), namespaceName, subscribeRate);
        try {
            final String path = path(POLICIES, namespaceName.toString());
            updatePolicies(path, (policies) -> {
                policies.clusterSubscribeRate.put(pulsar().getConfiguration().getClusterName(), subscribeRate);
                return policies;
            });
            log.info("[{}] Successfully updated the subscribeRate for cluster on namespace {}", clientAppId(),
                    namespaceName);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("[{}] Failed to update the subscribeRate for cluster on namespace {}", clientAppId(),
                    namespaceName, e);
            throw new RestException(e);
        }
    }

    protected void internalDeleteSubscribeRate() {
        validateSuperUserAccess();
        try {
            final String path = path(POLICIES, namespaceName.toString());
            updatePolicies(path, (policies) -> {
                policies.clusterSubscribeRate.remove(pulsar().getConfiguration().getClusterName());
                return policies;
            });
            log.info("[{}] Successfully delete the subscribeRate for cluster on namespace {}", clientAppId(),
                    namespaceName);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("[{}] Failed to delete the subscribeRate for cluster on namespace {}", clientAppId(),
                    namespaceName, e);
            throw new RestException(e);
        }
    }

    protected SubscribeRate internalGetSubscribeRate() {
        validateNamespacePolicyOperation(namespaceName, PolicyName.RATE, PolicyOperation.READ);
        Policies policies = getNamespacePolicies(namespaceName);
        return policies.clusterSubscribeRate.get(pulsar().getConfiguration().getClusterName());
    }

    protected void internalRemoveReplicatorDispatchRate() {
        validateSuperUserAccess();
        try {
            final String path = path(POLICIES, namespaceName.toString());
            updatePolicies(path, (policies) -> {
                policies.replicatorDispatchRate.remove(pulsar().getConfiguration().getClusterName());
                return policies;
            });
            log.info("[{}] Successfully delete the replicatorDispatchRate for cluster on namespace {}", clientAppId(),
                    namespaceName);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("[{}] Failed to delete the replicatorDispatchRate for cluster on namespace {}", clientAppId(),
                    namespaceName, e);
            throw new RestException(e);
        }
    }

    protected void internalSetReplicatorDispatchRate(DispatchRateImpl dispatchRate) {
        validateSuperUserAccess();
        log.info("[{}] Set namespace replicator dispatch-rate {}/{}", clientAppId(), namespaceName, dispatchRate);
        try {
            final String path = path(POLICIES, namespaceName.toString());
            updatePolicies(path, (policies) -> {
                policies.replicatorDispatchRate.put(pulsar().getConfiguration().getClusterName(), dispatchRate);
                return policies;
            });
            log.info("[{}] Successfully updated the replicatorDispatchRate for cluster on namespace {}", clientAppId(),
                    namespaceName);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("[{}] Failed to update the replicatorDispatchRate for cluster on namespace {}", clientAppId(),
                    namespaceName, e);
            throw new RestException(e);
        }
    }

    protected DispatchRate internalGetReplicatorDispatchRate() {
        validateNamespacePolicyOperation(namespaceName, PolicyName.REPLICATION_RATE, PolicyOperation.READ);

        Policies policies = getNamespacePolicies(namespaceName);
        return policies.replicatorDispatchRate.get(pulsar().getConfiguration().getClusterName());
    }

    protected void internalSetBacklogQuota(BacklogQuotaType backlogQuotaType, BacklogQuota backlogQuota) {
        validateNamespacePolicyOperation(namespaceName, PolicyName.BACKLOG, PolicyOperation.WRITE);
        validatePoliciesReadOnlyAccess();
        final BacklogQuotaType quotaType = backlogQuotaType != null ? backlogQuotaType
                : BacklogQuotaType.destination_storage;
        try {
            final String path = path(POLICIES, namespaceName.toString());
            Policies policies = namespaceResources().get(path)
                    .orElseThrow(() -> new RestException(Status.NOT_FOUND, "Namespace policies does not exist"));
            RetentionPolicies r = policies.retention_policies;
            if (r != null) {
                Policies p = new Policies();
                p.backlog_quota_map.put(quotaType, backlogQuota);
                if (!checkQuotas(p, r)) {
                    log.warn(
                            "[{}] Failed to update backlog configuration"
                                    + " for namespace {}: conflicts with retention quota",
                            clientAppId(), namespaceName);
                    throw new RestException(Status.PRECONDITION_FAILED,
                            "Backlog Quota exceeds configured retention quota for namespace."
                                    + " Please increase retention quota and retry");
                }
            }
            policies.backlog_quota_map.put(quotaType, backlogQuota);
            namespaceResources().set(path, p -> policies);
            log.info("[{}] Successfully updated backlog quota map: namespace={}, map={}", clientAppId(), namespaceName,
                    jsonMapper().writeValueAsString(backlogQuota));

        } catch (RestException pfe) {
            throw pfe;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("[{}] Failed to update backlog quota map for namespace {}", clientAppId(), namespaceName, e);
            throw new RestException(e);
        }
    }

    protected void internalRemoveBacklogQuota(BacklogQuotaType backlogQuotaType) {
        validateNamespacePolicyOperation(namespaceName, PolicyName.BACKLOG, PolicyOperation.WRITE);
        validatePoliciesReadOnlyAccess();
        final BacklogQuotaType quotaType = backlogQuotaType != null ? backlogQuotaType
                : BacklogQuotaType.destination_storage;
        try {
            final String path = path(POLICIES, namespaceName.toString());
            updatePolicies(path, (policies) -> {
                policies.backlog_quota_map.remove(quotaType);
                return policies;
            });
            log.info("[{}] Successfully removed backlog namespace={}, quota={}", clientAppId(), namespaceName,
                    backlogQuotaType);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("[{}] Failed to update backlog quota map for namespace {}", clientAppId(), namespaceName, e);
            throw new RestException(e);
        }
    }

    protected void internalSetRetention(RetentionPolicies retention) {
        validateRetentionPolicies(retention);
        validateNamespacePolicyOperation(namespaceName, PolicyName.RETENTION, PolicyOperation.WRITE);
        validatePoliciesReadOnlyAccess();

        try {
            final String path = path(POLICIES, namespaceName.toString());
            Policies policies = namespaceResources().get(path).orElseThrow(() -> new RestException(Status.NOT_FOUND,
                    "Namespace policies does not exist"));
            if (!checkQuotas(policies, retention)) {
                log.warn("[{}] Failed to update retention configuration"
                                + " for namespace {}: conflicts with backlog quota",
                        clientAppId(), namespaceName);
                throw new RestException(Status.PRECONDITION_FAILED,
                        "Retention Quota must exceed configured backlog quota for namespace.");
            }
            policies.retention_policies = retention;
            namespaceResources().set(path, p -> policies);
            log.info("[{}] Successfully updated retention configuration: namespace={}, map={}", clientAppId(),
                    namespaceName, jsonMapper().writeValueAsString(retention));
        } catch (RestException pfe) {
            throw pfe;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("[{}] Failed to update retention configuration for namespace {}", clientAppId(), namespaceName,
                    e);
            throw new RestException(e);
        }
    }

    protected void internalDeletePersistence() {
        validateNamespacePolicyOperation(namespaceName, PolicyName.PERSISTENCE, PolicyOperation.WRITE);
        validatePoliciesReadOnlyAccess();
        doUpdatePersistence(null);
    }

    protected void internalSetPersistence(PersistencePolicies persistence) {
        validateNamespacePolicyOperation(namespaceName, PolicyName.PERSISTENCE, PolicyOperation.WRITE);
        validatePoliciesReadOnlyAccess();
        validatePersistencePolicies(persistence);

        doUpdatePersistence(persistence);
    }

    private void doUpdatePersistence(PersistencePolicies persistence) {
        try {
            final String path = path(POLICIES, namespaceName.toString());
            updatePolicies(path, (policies)->{
                policies.persistence = persistence;
                return policies;
            });
            log.info("[{}] Successfully updated persistence configuration: namespace={}, map={}", clientAppId(),
                    namespaceName, jsonMapper().writeValueAsString(persistence));
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("[{}] Failed to update persistence configuration for namespace {}", clientAppId(), namespaceName,
                    e);
            throw new RestException(e);
        }
    }

    protected PersistencePolicies internalGetPersistence() {
        validateNamespacePolicyOperation(namespaceName, PolicyName.PERSISTENCE, PolicyOperation.READ);

        Policies policies = getNamespacePolicies(namespaceName);
        return policies.persistence;
    }

    protected void internalClearNamespaceBacklog(AsyncResponse asyncResponse, boolean authoritative) {
        validateNamespaceOperation(namespaceName, NamespaceOperation.CLEAR_BACKLOG);

        final List<CompletableFuture<Void>> futures = Lists.newArrayList();
        try {
            NamespaceBundles bundles = pulsar().getNamespaceService().getNamespaceBundleFactory()
                    .getBundles(namespaceName);
            for (NamespaceBundle nsBundle : bundles.getBundles()) {
                // check if the bundle is owned by any broker, if not then there is no backlog on this bundle to clear
                if (pulsar().getNamespaceService().getOwner(nsBundle).isPresent()) {
                    futures.add(pulsar().getAdminClient().namespaces()
                            .clearNamespaceBundleBacklogAsync(namespaceName.toString(), nsBundle.getBundleRange()));
                }
            }
        } catch (WebApplicationException wae) {
            asyncResponse.resume(wae);
            return;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            asyncResponse.resume(new RestException(e));
            return;
        }

        FutureUtil.waitForAll(futures).handle((result, exception) -> {
            if (exception != null) {
                log.warn("[{}] Failed to clear backlog on the bundles for namespace {}: {}", clientAppId(),
                        namespaceName, exception.getCause().getMessage());
                if (exception.getCause() instanceof PulsarAdminException) {
                    asyncResponse.resume(new RestException((PulsarAdminException) exception.getCause()));
                    return null;
                } else {
                    asyncResponse.resume(new RestException(exception.getCause()));
                    return null;
                }
            }
            log.info("[{}] Successfully cleared backlog on all the bundles for namespace {}", clientAppId(),
                    namespaceName);
            asyncResponse.resume(Response.noContent().build());
            return null;
        });
    }

    @SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
    protected void internalClearNamespaceBundleBacklog(String bundleRange, boolean authoritative) {
        validateNamespaceOperation(namespaceName, NamespaceOperation.CLEAR_BACKLOG);
        checkNotNull(bundleRange, "BundleRange should not be null");

        Policies policies = getNamespacePolicies(namespaceName);

        if (namespaceName.isGlobal()) {
            // check cluster ownership for a given global namespace: redirect if peer-cluster owns it
            validateGlobalNamespaceOwnership(namespaceName);
        } else {
            validateClusterOwnership(namespaceName.getCluster());
            validateClusterForTenant(namespaceName.getTenant(), namespaceName.getCluster());
        }

        validateNamespaceBundleOwnership(namespaceName, policies.bundles, bundleRange, authoritative, true);

        clearBacklog(namespaceName, bundleRange, null);
        log.info("[{}] Successfully cleared backlog on namespace bundle {}/{}", clientAppId(), namespaceName,
                bundleRange);
    }

    protected void internalClearNamespaceBacklogForSubscription(AsyncResponse asyncResponse, String subscription,
                                                                boolean authoritative) {
        validateNamespaceOperation(namespaceName, NamespaceOperation.CLEAR_BACKLOG);
        checkNotNull(subscription, "Subscription should not be null");

        final List<CompletableFuture<Void>> futures = Lists.newArrayList();
        try {
            NamespaceBundles bundles = pulsar().getNamespaceService().getNamespaceBundleFactory()
                    .getBundles(namespaceName);
            for (NamespaceBundle nsBundle : bundles.getBundles()) {
                // check if the bundle is owned by any broker, if not then there is no backlog on this bundle to clear
                if (pulsar().getNamespaceService().getOwner(nsBundle).isPresent()) {
                    futures.add(pulsar().getAdminClient().namespaces().clearNamespaceBundleBacklogForSubscriptionAsync(
                            namespaceName.toString(), nsBundle.getBundleRange(), subscription));
                }
            }
        } catch (WebApplicationException wae) {
            asyncResponse.resume(wae);
            return;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            asyncResponse.resume(new RestException(e));
            return;
        }

        FutureUtil.waitForAll(futures).handle((result, exception) -> {
            if (exception != null) {
                log.warn("[{}] Failed to clear backlog for subscription {} on the bundles for namespace {}: {}",
                        clientAppId(), subscription, namespaceName, exception.getCause().getMessage());
                if (exception.getCause() instanceof PulsarAdminException) {
                    asyncResponse.resume(new RestException((PulsarAdminException) exception.getCause()));
                    return null;
                } else {
                    asyncResponse.resume(new RestException(exception.getCause()));
                    return null;
                }
            }
            log.info("[{}] Successfully cleared backlog for subscription {} on all the bundles for namespace {}",
                    clientAppId(), subscription, namespaceName);
            asyncResponse.resume(Response.noContent().build());
            return null;
        });
    }

    @SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
    protected void internalClearNamespaceBundleBacklogForSubscription(String subscription, String bundleRange,
                                                                      boolean authoritative) {
        validateNamespaceOperation(namespaceName, NamespaceOperation.CLEAR_BACKLOG);
        checkNotNull(subscription, "Subscription should not be null");
        checkNotNull(bundleRange, "BundleRange should not be null");

        Policies policies = getNamespacePolicies(namespaceName);

        if (namespaceName.isGlobal()) {
            // check cluster ownership for a given global namespace: redirect if peer-cluster owns it
            validateGlobalNamespaceOwnership(namespaceName);
        } else {
            validateClusterOwnership(namespaceName.getCluster());
            validateClusterForTenant(namespaceName.getTenant(), namespaceName.getCluster());
        }

        validateNamespaceBundleOwnership(namespaceName, policies.bundles, bundleRange, authoritative, true);

        clearBacklog(namespaceName, bundleRange, subscription);
        log.info("[{}] Successfully cleared backlog for subscription {} on namespace bundle {}/{}", clientAppId(),
                subscription, namespaceName, bundleRange);
    }

    protected void internalUnsubscribeNamespace(AsyncResponse asyncResponse, String subscription,
                                                boolean authoritative) {
        validateNamespaceOperation(namespaceName, NamespaceOperation.UNSUBSCRIBE);
        checkNotNull(subscription, "Subscription should not be null");

        final List<CompletableFuture<Void>> futures = Lists.newArrayList();
        try {
            NamespaceBundles bundles = pulsar().getNamespaceService().getNamespaceBundleFactory()
                    .getBundles(namespaceName);
            for (NamespaceBundle nsBundle : bundles.getBundles()) {
                // check if the bundle is owned by any broker, if not then there are no subscriptions
                if (pulsar().getNamespaceService().getOwner(nsBundle).isPresent()) {
                    futures.add(pulsar().getAdminClient().namespaces().unsubscribeNamespaceBundleAsync(
                            namespaceName.toString(), nsBundle.getBundleRange(), subscription));
                }
            }
        } catch (WebApplicationException wae) {
            asyncResponse.resume(wae);
            return;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            asyncResponse.resume(new RestException(e));
            return;
        }

        FutureUtil.waitForAll(futures).handle((result, exception) -> {
            if (exception != null) {
                log.warn("[{}] Failed to unsubscribe {} on the bundles for namespace {}: {}", clientAppId(),
                        subscription, namespaceName, exception.getCause().getMessage());
                if (exception.getCause() instanceof PulsarAdminException) {
                    asyncResponse.resume(new RestException((PulsarAdminException) exception.getCause()));
                    return null;
                } else {
                    asyncResponse.resume(new RestException(exception.getCause()));
                    return null;
                }
            }
            log.info("[{}] Successfully unsubscribed {} on all the bundles for namespace {}", clientAppId(),
                    subscription, namespaceName);
            asyncResponse.resume(Response.noContent().build());
            return null;
        });
    }

    @SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
    protected void internalUnsubscribeNamespaceBundle(String subscription, String bundleRange, boolean authoritative) {
        validateNamespaceOperation(namespaceName, NamespaceOperation.UNSUBSCRIBE);
        checkNotNull(subscription, "Subscription should not be null");
        checkNotNull(bundleRange, "BundleRange should not be null");

        Policies policies = getNamespacePolicies(namespaceName);

        if (namespaceName.isGlobal()) {
            // check cluster ownership for a given global namespace: redirect if peer-cluster owns it
            validateGlobalNamespaceOwnership(namespaceName);
        } else {
            validateClusterOwnership(namespaceName.getCluster());
            validateClusterForTenant(namespaceName.getTenant(), namespaceName.getCluster());
        }

        validateNamespaceBundleOwnership(namespaceName, policies.bundles, bundleRange, authoritative, true);

        unsubscribe(namespaceName, bundleRange, subscription);
        log.info("[{}] Successfully unsubscribed {} on namespace bundle {}/{}", clientAppId(), subscription,
                namespaceName, bundleRange);
    }

    protected void internalSetSubscriptionAuthMode(SubscriptionAuthMode subscriptionAuthMode) {
        validateNamespacePolicyOperation(namespaceName, PolicyName.SUBSCRIPTION_AUTH_MODE, PolicyOperation.WRITE);
        validatePoliciesReadOnlyAccess();
        SubscriptionAuthMode authMode = subscriptionAuthMode == null ? subscriptionAuthMode = SubscriptionAuthMode.None
                : subscriptionAuthMode;
        try {
            final String path = path(POLICIES, namespaceName.toString());
            updatePolicies(path, (policies) -> {
                policies.subscription_auth_mode = authMode;
                return policies;
            });
            log.info("[{}] Successfully updated subscription auth mode: namespace={}, map={}", clientAppId(),
                    namespaceName, jsonMapper().writeValueAsString(authMode));

        } catch (RestException pfe) {
            throw pfe;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("[{}] Failed to update subscription auth mode for namespace {}", clientAppId(), namespaceName, e);
            throw new RestException(e);
        }
    }

    protected void internalModifyEncryptionRequired(boolean encryptionRequired) {
        validateNamespacePolicyOperation(namespaceName, PolicyName.ENCRYPTION, PolicyOperation.WRITE);
        validatePoliciesReadOnlyAccess();

        try {
            updatePolicies(path(POLICIES, namespaceName.toString()), (policies) -> {
                policies.encryption_required = encryptionRequired;
                return policies;
            });
            log.info("[{}] Successfully {} on namespace {}", clientAppId(), encryptionRequired ? "true" : "false",
                    namespaceName);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("[{}] Failed to modify encryption required status on namespace {}", clientAppId(),
                    namespaceName, e);
            throw new RestException(e);
        }
    }

    protected DelayedDeliveryPolicies internalGetDelayedDelivery() {
        validateNamespacePolicyOperation(namespaceName, PolicyName.DELAYED_DELIVERY, PolicyOperation.READ);
        return getNamespacePolicies(namespaceName).delayed_delivery_policies;
    }

    protected InactiveTopicPolicies internalGetInactiveTopic() {
        validateNamespacePolicyOperation(namespaceName, PolicyName.INACTIVE_TOPIC, PolicyOperation.READ);

        Policies policies = getNamespacePolicies(namespaceName);
        return policies.inactive_topic_policies;
    }

    protected void internalSetInactiveTopic(InactiveTopicPolicies inactiveTopicPolicies) {
        validateSuperUserAccess();
        validatePoliciesReadOnlyAccess();
        internalSetPolicies("inactive_topic_policies", inactiveTopicPolicies);
    }

    protected void internalSetPolicies(String fieldName, Object value) {
        try {
            final String path = path(POLICIES, namespaceName.toString());
            Policies policies = namespaceResources().get(path).orElseThrow(() -> new RestException(Status.NOT_FOUND,
                    "Namespace policies does not exist"));
            Field field = Policies.class.getDeclaredField(fieldName);
            field.setAccessible(true);
            field.set(policies, value);
            namespaceResources().set(path, p -> policies);
            log.info("[{}] Successfully updated {} configuration: namespace={}, value={}", clientAppId(), fieldName,
                    namespaceName, jsonMapper().writeValueAsString(value));

        } catch (RestException pfe) {
            throw pfe;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("[{}] Failed to update {} configuration for namespace {}", clientAppId(), fieldName
                    , namespaceName, e);
            throw new RestException(e);
        }
    }

    protected void internalSetDelayedDelivery(DelayedDeliveryPolicies delayedDeliveryPolicies) {
        validateSuperUserAccess();
        validatePoliciesReadOnlyAccess();
        internalSetPolicies("delayed_delivery_policies", delayedDeliveryPolicies);
    }

    protected void internalSetNamespaceAntiAffinityGroup(String antiAffinityGroup) {
        validateNamespacePolicyOperation(namespaceName, PolicyName.ANTI_AFFINITY, PolicyOperation.WRITE);
        checkNotNull(antiAffinityGroup, "AntiAffinityGroup should not be null");
        validatePoliciesReadOnlyAccess();

        log.info("[{}] Setting anti-affinity group {} for {}", clientAppId(), antiAffinityGroup, namespaceName);

        if (isBlank(antiAffinityGroup)) {
            throw new RestException(Status.PRECONDITION_FAILED, "antiAffinityGroup can't be empty");
        }

        try {
            String path = joinPath(LOCAL_POLICIES_ROOT, this.namespaceName.toString());
            getLocalPolicies().setWithCreate(path, (lp)->
                lp.map(policies -> new LocalPolicies(policies.bundles,
                        policies.bookieAffinityGroup,
                        antiAffinityGroup))
                        .orElseGet(() -> new LocalPolicies(defaultBundle(),
                                null, antiAffinityGroup))
            );
            log.info("[{}] Successfully updated local-policies configuration: namespace={}, map={}", clientAppId(),
                    namespaceName, antiAffinityGroup);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("[{}] Failed to update local-policy configuration for namespace {}", clientAppId(), namespaceName,
                    e);
            throw new RestException(e);
        }
    }

    protected String internalGetNamespaceAntiAffinityGroup() {
        validateNamespacePolicyOperation(namespaceName, PolicyName.ANTI_AFFINITY, PolicyOperation.READ);

        try {
            return getLocalPolicies()
                    .get(AdminResource.joinPath(LOCAL_POLICIES_ROOT, namespaceName.toString()))
                    .orElse(new LocalPolicies()).namespaceAntiAffinityGroup;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("[{}] Failed to get the antiAffinityGroup of namespace {}", clientAppId(), namespaceName, e);
            throw new RestException(Status.NOT_FOUND, "Couldn't find namespace policies");
        }
    }

    protected void internalRemoveNamespaceAntiAffinityGroup() {
        validateNamespacePolicyOperation(namespaceName, PolicyName.ANTI_AFFINITY, PolicyOperation.WRITE);
        validatePoliciesReadOnlyAccess();

        log.info("[{}] Deleting anti-affinity group for {}", clientAppId(), namespaceName);

        try {
            final String path = joinPath(LOCAL_POLICIES_ROOT, namespaceName.toString());
            getLocalPolicies().set(path, (policies)->
                new LocalPolicies(policies.bundles,
                        policies.bookieAffinityGroup,
                        null));
            log.info("[{}] Successfully removed anti-affinity group for a namespace={}", clientAppId(), namespaceName);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("[{}] Failed to remove anti-affinity group for namespace {}", clientAppId(), namespaceName, e);
            throw new RestException(e);
        }
    }

    protected List<String> internalGetAntiAffinityNamespaces(String cluster, String antiAffinityGroup,
                                                             String tenant) {
        validateNamespacePolicyOperation(namespaceName, PolicyName.ANTI_AFFINITY, PolicyOperation.READ);
        checkNotNull(cluster, "Cluster should not be null");
        checkNotNull(antiAffinityGroup, "AntiAffinityGroup should not be null");
        checkNotNull(tenant, "Tenant should not be null");

        log.info("[{}]-{} Finding namespaces for {} in {}", clientAppId(), tenant, antiAffinityGroup, cluster);

        if (isBlank(antiAffinityGroup)) {
            throw new RestException(Status.PRECONDITION_FAILED, "anti-affinity group can't be empty.");
        }
        validateClusterExists(cluster);

        try {
            List<String> namespaces = getListOfNamespaces(tenant);

            return namespaces.stream().filter(ns -> {
                Optional<LocalPolicies> policies;
                try {
                    policies = getLocalPolicies()
                            .get(AdminResource.joinPath(LOCAL_POLICIES_ROOT, ns));
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    throw new RuntimeException(e);
                }

                String storedAntiAffinityGroup = policies.orElse(new LocalPolicies()).namespaceAntiAffinityGroup;
                return antiAffinityGroup.equalsIgnoreCase(storedAntiAffinityGroup);
            }).collect(Collectors.toList());

        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.warn("Failed to list of properties/namespace from global-zk", e);
            throw new RestException(e);
        }
    }

    protected RetentionPolicies internalGetRetention() {
        validateNamespacePolicyOperation(namespaceName, PolicyName.RETENTION, PolicyOperation.READ);

        Policies policies = getNamespacePolicies(namespaceName);
        return policies.retention_policies;
    }

    private boolean checkQuotas(Policies policies, RetentionPolicies retention) {
        Map<BacklogQuota.BacklogQuotaType, BacklogQuota> backlogQuotaMap = policies.backlog_quota_map;
        if (backlogQuotaMap.isEmpty()) {
            return true;
        }
        BacklogQuota quota = backlogQuotaMap.get(BacklogQuotaType.destination_storage);
        return checkBacklogQuota(quota, retention);
    }

    private void clearBacklog(NamespaceName nsName, String bundleRange, String subscription) {
        try {
            List<Topic> topicList = pulsar().getBrokerService().getAllTopicsFromNamespaceBundle(nsName.toString(),
                    nsName.toString() + "/" + bundleRange);

            List<CompletableFuture<Void>> futures = Lists.newArrayList();
            if (subscription != null) {
                if (subscription.startsWith(pulsar().getConfiguration().getReplicatorPrefix())) {
                    subscription = PersistentReplicator.getRemoteCluster(subscription);
                }
                for (Topic topic : topicList) {
                    if (topic instanceof PersistentTopic
                            && !SystemTopicClient.isSystemTopic(TopicName.get(topic.getName()))) {
                        futures.add(((PersistentTopic) topic).clearBacklog(subscription));
                    }
                }
            } else {
                for (Topic topic : topicList) {
                    if (topic instanceof PersistentTopic
                            && !SystemTopicClient.isSystemTopic(TopicName.get(topic.getName()))) {
                        futures.add(((PersistentTopic) topic).clearBacklog());
                    }
                }
            }

            FutureUtil.waitForAll(futures).get();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("[{}] Failed to clear backlog for namespace {}/{}, subscription: {}", clientAppId(),
                    nsName.toString(), bundleRange, subscription, e);
            throw new RestException(e);
        }
    }

    private void unsubscribe(NamespaceName nsName, String bundleRange, String subscription) {
        try {
            List<Topic> topicList = pulsar().getBrokerService().getAllTopicsFromNamespaceBundle(nsName.toString(),
                    nsName.toString() + "/" + bundleRange);
            List<CompletableFuture<Void>> futures = Lists.newArrayList();
            if (subscription.startsWith(pulsar().getConfiguration().getReplicatorPrefix())) {
                throw new RestException(Status.PRECONDITION_FAILED, "Cannot unsubscribe a replication cursor");
            } else {
                for (Topic topic : topicList) {
                    Subscription sub = topic.getSubscription(subscription);
                    if (sub != null) {
                        futures.add(sub.delete());
                    }
                }
            }
            FutureUtil.waitForAll(futures).get();
        } catch (RestException re) {
            throw re;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("[{}] Failed to unsubscribe {} for namespace {}/{}", clientAppId(), subscription,
                    nsName.toString(), bundleRange, e);
            if (e.getCause() instanceof SubscriptionBusyException) {
                throw new RestException(Status.PRECONDITION_FAILED, "Subscription has active connected consumers");
            }
            throw new RestException(e.getCause());
        }
    }

    /**
     * It validates that peer-clusters can't coexist in replication-clusters.
     *
     * @param clusterName:         given cluster whose peer-clusters can't be present into replication-cluster list
     * @param replicationClusters: replication-cluster list
     */
    private void validatePeerClusterConflict(String clusterName, Set<String> replicationClusters) {
        try {
            ClusterData clusterData = clusterResources().get(path("clusters", clusterName)).orElseThrow(
                    () -> new RestException(Status.PRECONDITION_FAILED, "Invalid replication cluster " + clusterName));
            Set<String> peerClusters = clusterData.getPeerClusterNames();
            if (peerClusters != null && !peerClusters.isEmpty()) {
                SetView<String> conflictPeerClusters = Sets.intersection(peerClusters, replicationClusters);
                if (!conflictPeerClusters.isEmpty()) {
                    log.warn("[{}] {}'s peer cluster can't be part of replication clusters {}", clientAppId(),
                            clusterName, conflictPeerClusters);
                    throw new RestException(Status.CONFLICT,
                            String.format("%s's peer-clusters %s can't be part of replication-clusters %s", clusterName,
                                    conflictPeerClusters, replicationClusters));
                }
            }
        } catch (RestException re) {
            throw re;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.warn("[{}] Failed to get cluster-data for {}", clientAppId(), clusterName, e);
        }
    }

    protected BundlesData validateBundlesData(BundlesData initialBundles) {
        SortedSet<String> partitions = new TreeSet<String>();
        for (String partition : initialBundles.getBoundaries()) {
            Long partBoundary = Long.decode(partition);
            partitions.add(String.format("0x%08x", partBoundary));
        }
        if (partitions.size() != initialBundles.getBoundaries().size()) {
            if (log.isDebugEnabled()) {
                log.debug("Input bundles included repeated partition points. Ignored.");
            }
        }
        try {
            NamespaceBundleFactory.validateFullRange(partitions);
        } catch (IllegalArgumentException iae) {
            throw new RestException(Status.BAD_REQUEST, "Input bundles do not cover the whole hash range. first:"
                    + partitions.first() + ", last:" + partitions.last());
        }
        List<String> bundles = Lists.newArrayList();
        bundles.addAll(partitions);
        return BundlesData.builder()
                .boundaries(bundles)
                .numBundles(bundles.size() - 1)
                .build();
    }

    private void validatePolicies(NamespaceName ns, Policies policies) {
        if (ns.isV2() && policies.replication_clusters.isEmpty()) {
            // Default to local cluster
            policies.replication_clusters = Collections.singleton(config().getClusterName());
        }

        // Validate cluster names and permissions
        policies.replication_clusters.forEach(cluster -> validateClusterForTenant(ns.getTenant(), cluster));

        if (policies.message_ttl_in_seconds != null && policies.message_ttl_in_seconds < 0) {
            throw new RestException(Status.PRECONDITION_FAILED, "Invalid value for message TTL");
        }

        if (policies.bundles != null && policies.bundles.getNumBundles() > 0) {
            if (policies.bundles.getBoundaries() == null || policies.bundles.getBoundaries().size() == 0) {
                policies.bundles = getBundles(policies.bundles.getNumBundles());
            } else {
                policies.bundles = validateBundlesData(policies.bundles);
            }
        } else {
            int defaultNumberOfBundles = config().getDefaultNumberOfNamespaceBundles();
            policies.bundles = getBundles(defaultNumberOfBundles);
        }

        if (policies.persistence != null) {
            validatePersistencePolicies(policies.persistence);
        }

        if (policies.retention_policies != null) {
            validateRetentionPolicies(policies.retention_policies);
        }
    }

    protected void validateRetentionPolicies(RetentionPolicies retention) {
        if (retention == null) {
            return;
        }
        checkArgument(retention.getRetentionSizeInMB() >= -1,
                "Invalid retention policy: size limit must be >= -1");
        checkArgument(retention.getRetentionTimeInMinutes() >= -1,
                "Invalid retention policy: time limit must be >= -1");
        checkArgument((retention.getRetentionTimeInMinutes() != 0 && retention.getRetentionSizeInMB() != 0)
                        || (retention.getRetentionTimeInMinutes() == 0 && retention.getRetentionSizeInMB() == 0),
                "Invalid retention policy: Setting a single time or size limit to 0 is invalid when "
                        + "one of the limits has a non-zero value. Use the value of -1 instead of 0 to ignore a "
                        + "specific limit. To disable retention both limits must be set to 0.");
    }

    protected Integer internalGetMaxProducersPerTopic() {
        validateNamespacePolicyOperation(namespaceName, PolicyName.MAX_PRODUCERS, PolicyOperation.READ);
        return getNamespacePolicies(namespaceName).max_producers_per_topic;
    }

    protected Integer internalGetDeduplicationSnapshotInterval() {
        validateNamespacePolicyOperation(namespaceName, PolicyName.DEDUPLICATION_SNAPSHOT, PolicyOperation.READ);
        return getNamespacePolicies(namespaceName).deduplicationSnapshotIntervalSeconds;
    }

    protected void internalSetDeduplicationSnapshotInterval(Integer interval) {
        validateNamespacePolicyOperation(namespaceName, PolicyName.DEDUPLICATION_SNAPSHOT, PolicyOperation.WRITE);
        if (interval != null && interval < 0) {
            throw new RestException(Status.PRECONDITION_FAILED, "interval must be greater than or equal to 0");
        }
        internalSetPolicies("deduplicationSnapshotIntervalSeconds", interval);
    }

    protected void internalSetMaxProducersPerTopic(Integer maxProducersPerTopic) {
        validateNamespacePolicyOperation(namespaceName, PolicyName.MAX_PRODUCERS, PolicyOperation.WRITE);
        validatePoliciesReadOnlyAccess();

        try {
            if (maxProducersPerTopic != null && maxProducersPerTopic < 0) {
                throw new RestException(Status.PRECONDITION_FAILED,
                        "maxProducersPerTopic must be 0 or more");
            }
            final String path = path(POLICIES, namespaceName.toString());
            updatePolicies(path, (policies)->{
                policies.max_producers_per_topic = maxProducersPerTopic;
                return policies;
            });
            log.info("[{}] Successfully updated maxProducersPerTopic configuration: namespace={}, value={}",
                    clientAppId(), namespaceName, maxProducersPerTopic);
        } catch (RestException pfe) {
            throw pfe;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("[{}] Failed to update maxProducersPerTopic configuration for namespace {}",
                    clientAppId(), namespaceName, e);
            throw new RestException(e);
        }
    }

    protected Boolean internalGetDeduplication() {
        validateNamespacePolicyOperation(namespaceName, PolicyName.DEDUPLICATION, PolicyOperation.READ);
        return getNamespacePolicies(namespaceName).deduplicationEnabled;
    }

    protected Integer internalGetMaxConsumersPerTopic() {
        validateNamespacePolicyOperation(namespaceName, PolicyName.MAX_CONSUMERS, PolicyOperation.READ);
        return getNamespacePolicies(namespaceName).max_consumers_per_topic;
    }

    protected void internalSetMaxConsumersPerTopic(Integer maxConsumersPerTopic) {
        validateNamespacePolicyOperation(namespaceName, PolicyName.MAX_CONSUMERS, PolicyOperation.WRITE);
        validatePoliciesReadOnlyAccess();

        try {
            if (maxConsumersPerTopic != null && maxConsumersPerTopic < 0) {
                throw new RestException(Status.PRECONDITION_FAILED, "maxConsumersPerTopic must be 0 or more");
            }
            final String path = path(POLICIES, namespaceName.toString());
            updatePolicies(path, (policies) -> {
                policies.max_consumers_per_topic = maxConsumersPerTopic;
                return policies;
            });
            log.info("[{}] Successfully updated maxConsumersPerTopic configuration: namespace={}, value={}",
                    clientAppId(), namespaceName, maxConsumersPerTopic);

        } catch (RestException pfe) {
            throw pfe;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("[{}] Failed to update maxConsumersPerTopic configuration for namespace {}",
                    clientAppId(), namespaceName, e);
            throw new RestException(e);
        }
    }

    protected Integer internalGetMaxConsumersPerSubscription() {
        validateNamespacePolicyOperation(namespaceName, PolicyName.MAX_CONSUMERS, PolicyOperation.READ);
        return getNamespacePolicies(namespaceName).max_consumers_per_subscription;
    }

    protected void internalSetMaxConsumersPerSubscription(Integer maxConsumersPerSubscription) {
        validateNamespacePolicyOperation(namespaceName, PolicyName.MAX_CONSUMERS, PolicyOperation.WRITE);
        validatePoliciesReadOnlyAccess();

        try {
            if (maxConsumersPerSubscription != null && maxConsumersPerSubscription < 0) {
                throw new RestException(Status.PRECONDITION_FAILED,
                        "maxConsumersPerSubscription must be 0 or more");
            }
            final String path = path(POLICIES, namespaceName.toString());
            updatePolicies(path, (policies) -> {
                policies.max_consumers_per_subscription = maxConsumersPerSubscription;
                return policies;
            });
            log.info("[{}] Successfully updated maxConsumersPerSubscription configuration: namespace={}, value={}",
                    clientAppId(), namespaceName, maxConsumersPerSubscription);
        } catch (RestException pfe) {
            throw pfe;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("[{}] Failed to update maxConsumersPerSubscription configuration for namespace {}",
                    clientAppId(), namespaceName, e);
            throw new RestException(e);
        }
    }

    protected Integer internalGetMaxUnackedMessagesPerConsumer() {
        validateNamespacePolicyOperation(namespaceName, PolicyName.MAX_UNACKED, PolicyOperation.READ);
        return getNamespacePolicies(namespaceName).max_unacked_messages_per_consumer;
    }

    protected void internalSetMaxUnackedMessagesPerConsumer(Integer maxUnackedMessagesPerConsumer) {
        validateNamespacePolicyOperation(namespaceName, PolicyName.MAX_UNACKED, PolicyOperation.WRITE);
        validatePoliciesReadOnlyAccess();
        if (maxUnackedMessagesPerConsumer != null && maxUnackedMessagesPerConsumer < 0) {
            throw new RestException(Status.PRECONDITION_FAILED,
                    "maxUnackedMessagesPerConsumer must be 0 or more");
        }
        try {
            final String path = path(POLICIES, namespaceName.toString());
            updatePolicies(path, (policies)->{
                policies.max_unacked_messages_per_consumer = maxUnackedMessagesPerConsumer;
                return policies;
            });
            log.info("[{}] Successfully updated maxUnackedMessagesPerConsumer configuration: namespace={}, value={}",
                    clientAppId(), namespaceName, maxUnackedMessagesPerConsumer);

        } catch (RestException pfe) {
            throw pfe;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("[{}] Failed to update maxUnackedMessagesPerConsumer configuration for namespace {}",
                    clientAppId(), namespaceName, e);
            throw new RestException(e);
        }
    }

    protected Integer internalGetMaxUnackedMessagesPerSubscription() {
        validateNamespacePolicyOperation(namespaceName, PolicyName.MAX_UNACKED, PolicyOperation.READ);
        return getNamespacePolicies(namespaceName).max_unacked_messages_per_subscription;
    }

    protected Integer internalGetMaxSubscriptionsPerTopic() {
        validateNamespacePolicyOperation(namespaceName, PolicyName.MAX_SUBSCRIPTIONS, PolicyOperation.READ);
        return getNamespacePolicies(namespaceName).max_subscriptions_per_topic;
    }

    protected void internalSetMaxSubscriptionsPerTopic(Integer maxSubscriptionsPerTopic){
        validateSuperUserAccess();
        validatePoliciesReadOnlyAccess();
        if (maxSubscriptionsPerTopic != null && maxSubscriptionsPerTopic < 0) {
            throw new RestException(Status.PRECONDITION_FAILED,
                    "maxSubscriptionsPerTopic must be 0 or more");
        }
        internalSetPolicies("max_subscriptions_per_topic", maxSubscriptionsPerTopic);
    }

    protected void internalSetMaxUnackedMessagesPerSubscription(Integer maxUnackedMessagesPerSubscription) {
        validateNamespacePolicyOperation(namespaceName, PolicyName.MAX_UNACKED, PolicyOperation.WRITE);
        validatePoliciesReadOnlyAccess();
        if (maxUnackedMessagesPerSubscription != null && maxUnackedMessagesPerSubscription < 0) {
            throw new RestException(Status.PRECONDITION_FAILED,
                    "maxUnackedMessagesPerSubscription must be 0 or more");
        }
        try {
            final String path = path(POLICIES, namespaceName.toString());
            updatePolicies(path, (policies) -> {
                policies.max_unacked_messages_per_subscription = maxUnackedMessagesPerSubscription;
                return policies;
            });
            log.info("[{}] Successfully updated maxUnackedMessagesPerSubscription"
                            + " configuration: namespace={}, value={}",
                    clientAppId(), namespaceName, maxUnackedMessagesPerSubscription);

        } catch (RestException pfe) {
            throw pfe;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("[{}] Failed to update maxUnackedMessagesPerSubscription configuration for namespace {}",
                    clientAppId(), namespaceName, e);
            throw new RestException(e);
        }
    }

    protected Long internalGetCompactionThreshold() {
        validateNamespacePolicyOperation(namespaceName, PolicyName.COMPACTION, PolicyOperation.READ);
        return getNamespacePolicies(namespaceName).compaction_threshold;
    }

    protected void internalSetCompactionThreshold(Long newThreshold) {
        validateNamespacePolicyOperation(namespaceName, PolicyName.COMPACTION, PolicyOperation.WRITE);
        validatePoliciesReadOnlyAccess();

        try {
            if (newThreshold != null && newThreshold < 0) {
                throw new RestException(Status.PRECONDITION_FAILED,
                        "compactionThreshold must be 0 or more");
            }
            final String path = path(POLICIES, namespaceName.toString());
            updatePolicies(path, (policies) -> {
                policies.compaction_threshold = newThreshold;
                return policies;
            });
            log.info("[{}] Successfully updated compactionThreshold configuration: namespace={}, value={}",
                    clientAppId(), namespaceName, newThreshold);

        } catch (RestException pfe) {
            throw pfe;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("[{}] Failed to update compactionThreshold configuration for namespace {}",
                    clientAppId(), namespaceName, e);
            throw new RestException(e);
        }
    }

    protected long internalGetOffloadThreshold() {
        validateNamespacePolicyOperation(namespaceName, PolicyName.OFFLOAD, PolicyOperation.READ);
        Policies policies = getNamespacePolicies(namespaceName);
        if (policies.offload_policies == null) {
            return policies.offload_threshold;
        } else {
            return policies.offload_policies.getManagedLedgerOffloadThresholdInBytes();
        }
    }

    protected void internalSetOffloadThreshold(long newThreshold) {
        validateNamespacePolicyOperation(namespaceName, PolicyName.OFFLOAD, PolicyOperation.WRITE);
        validatePoliciesReadOnlyAccess();

        try {
            final String path = path(POLICIES, namespaceName.toString());
            updatePolicies(path, (policies) -> {
                if (policies.offload_policies == null) {
                    policies.offload_policies = new OffloadPoliciesImpl();
                }
                ((OffloadPoliciesImpl) policies.offload_policies).setManagedLedgerOffloadThresholdInBytes(newThreshold);
                policies.offload_threshold = newThreshold;
                return policies;
            });
            log.info("[{}] Successfully updated offloadThreshold configuration: namespace={}, value={}",
                    clientAppId(), namespaceName, newThreshold);

        } catch (RestException pfe) {
            throw pfe;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("[{}] Failed to update offloadThreshold configuration for namespace {}",
                    clientAppId(), namespaceName, e);
            throw new RestException(e);
        }
    }

    protected Long internalGetOffloadDeletionLag() {
        validateNamespacePolicyOperation(namespaceName, PolicyName.OFFLOAD, PolicyOperation.READ);
        Policies policies = getNamespacePolicies(namespaceName);
        if (policies.offload_policies == null) {
            return policies.offload_deletion_lag_ms;
        } else {
            return policies.offload_policies.getManagedLedgerOffloadDeletionLagInMillis();
        }
    }

    protected void internalSetOffloadDeletionLag(Long newDeletionLagMs) {
        validateNamespacePolicyOperation(namespaceName, PolicyName.OFFLOAD, PolicyOperation.WRITE);
        validatePoliciesReadOnlyAccess();
        try {
            final String path = path(POLICIES, namespaceName.toString());
            updatePolicies(path, (policies) -> {
                if (policies.offload_policies == null) {
                    policies.offload_policies = new OffloadPoliciesImpl();
                }
                ((OffloadPoliciesImpl) policies.offload_policies)
                        .setManagedLedgerOffloadDeletionLagInMillis(newDeletionLagMs);
                policies.offload_deletion_lag_ms = newDeletionLagMs;
                return policies;
            });
            log.info("[{}] Successfully updated offloadDeletionLagMs configuration: namespace={}, value={}",
                    clientAppId(), namespaceName, newDeletionLagMs);
        } catch (RestException pfe) {
            throw pfe;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("[{}] Failed to update offloadDeletionLag configuration for namespace {}", clientAppId(),
                    namespaceName, e);
            throw new RestException(e);
        }
    }

    @Deprecated
    protected SchemaAutoUpdateCompatibilityStrategy internalGetSchemaAutoUpdateCompatibilityStrategy() {
        validateNamespacePolicyOperation(namespaceName, PolicyName.SCHEMA_COMPATIBILITY_STRATEGY,
                PolicyOperation.READ);
        return getNamespacePolicies(namespaceName).schema_auto_update_compatibility_strategy;
    }

    protected SchemaCompatibilityStrategy internalGetSchemaCompatibilityStrategy() {
        validateNamespacePolicyOperation(namespaceName, PolicyName.SCHEMA_COMPATIBILITY_STRATEGY,
                PolicyOperation.READ);
        Policies policies = getNamespacePolicies(namespaceName);
        SchemaCompatibilityStrategy schemaCompatibilityStrategy = policies.schema_compatibility_strategy;
        if (schemaCompatibilityStrategy == SchemaCompatibilityStrategy.UNDEFINED) {
            schemaCompatibilityStrategy = SchemaCompatibilityStrategy
                    .fromAutoUpdatePolicy(policies.schema_auto_update_compatibility_strategy);
        }
        return schemaCompatibilityStrategy;
    }

    @Deprecated
    protected void internalSetSchemaAutoUpdateCompatibilityStrategy(SchemaAutoUpdateCompatibilityStrategy strategy) {
        validateNamespacePolicyOperation(namespaceName, PolicyName.SCHEMA_COMPATIBILITY_STRATEGY,
                PolicyOperation.WRITE);
        validatePoliciesReadOnlyAccess();

        mutatePolicy((policies) -> {
                    policies.schema_auto_update_compatibility_strategy = strategy;
                    return policies;
                }, (policies) -> policies.schema_auto_update_compatibility_strategy,
                "schemaAutoUpdateCompatibilityStrategy");
    }

    protected void internalSetSchemaCompatibilityStrategy(SchemaCompatibilityStrategy strategy) {
        validateNamespacePolicyOperation(namespaceName, PolicyName.SCHEMA_COMPATIBILITY_STRATEGY,
                PolicyOperation.WRITE);
        validatePoliciesReadOnlyAccess();

        mutatePolicy((policies) -> {
                    policies.schema_compatibility_strategy = strategy;
                    return policies;
                }, (policies) -> policies.schema_compatibility_strategy,
                "schemaCompatibilityStrategy");
    }

    protected boolean internalGetSchemaValidationEnforced() {
        validateNamespacePolicyOperation(namespaceName, PolicyName.SCHEMA_COMPATIBILITY_STRATEGY,
                PolicyOperation.READ);
        return getNamespacePolicies(namespaceName).schema_validation_enforced;
    }

    protected void internalSetSchemaValidationEnforced(boolean schemaValidationEnforced) {
        validateNamespacePolicyOperation(namespaceName, PolicyName.SCHEMA_COMPATIBILITY_STRATEGY,
                PolicyOperation.WRITE);
        validatePoliciesReadOnlyAccess();

        mutatePolicy((policies) -> {
                    policies.schema_validation_enforced = schemaValidationEnforced;
                    return policies;
                }, (policies) -> policies.schema_validation_enforced,
                "schemaValidationEnforced");
    }

    protected boolean internalGetIsAllowAutoUpdateSchema() {
        validateNamespacePolicyOperation(namespaceName, PolicyName.SCHEMA_COMPATIBILITY_STRATEGY,
                PolicyOperation.READ);
        return getNamespacePolicies(namespaceName).is_allow_auto_update_schema;
    }

    protected void internalSetIsAllowAutoUpdateSchema(boolean isAllowAutoUpdateSchema) {
        validateNamespacePolicyOperation(namespaceName, PolicyName.SCHEMA_COMPATIBILITY_STRATEGY,
                PolicyOperation.WRITE);
        validatePoliciesReadOnlyAccess();

        mutatePolicy((policies) -> {
                    policies.is_allow_auto_update_schema = isAllowAutoUpdateSchema;
                    return policies;
                }, (policies) -> policies.is_allow_auto_update_schema,
                "isAllowAutoUpdateSchema");
    }

    protected Set<SubscriptionType> internalGetSubscriptionTypesEnabled() {
        validateNamespacePolicyOperation(namespaceName, PolicyName.SUBSCRIPTION_AUTH_MODE,
                PolicyOperation.READ);
        Set<SubscriptionType> subscriptionTypes = new HashSet<>();
        getNamespacePolicies(namespaceName).subscription_types_enabled.forEach(subType ->
                subscriptionTypes.add(SubscriptionType.valueOf(subType)));
        return subscriptionTypes;
    }

    protected void internalSetSubscriptionTypesEnabled(Set<SubscriptionType> subscriptionTypesEnabled) {
        validateNamespacePolicyOperation(namespaceName, PolicyName.SUBSCRIPTION_AUTH_MODE,
                PolicyOperation.WRITE);
        validatePoliciesReadOnlyAccess();
        Set<String> subTypes = new HashSet<>();
        subscriptionTypesEnabled.forEach(subscriptionType -> subTypes.add(subscriptionType.name()));
        mutatePolicy((policies) -> {
                    policies.subscription_types_enabled = subTypes;
                    return policies;
                }, (policies) -> policies.subscription_types_enabled,
                "subscriptionTypesEnabled");
    }


    private <T> void mutatePolicy(Function<Policies, Policies> policyTransformation,
                                  Function<Policies, T> getter,
                                  String policyName) {
        try {
            final String path = path(POLICIES, namespaceName.toString());
            MutableObject exception = new MutableObject(null);
            MutableObject policiesObj = new MutableObject(null);
            updatePolicies(path, (policies) -> {
                try {
                    policies = policyTransformation.apply(policies);
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    exception.setValue(e);
                }
                policiesObj.setValue(policies);
                return policies;
            });
            if (exception.getValue() != null) {
                throw (Exception) exception.getValue();
            }
            log.info("[{}] Successfully updated {} configuration: namespace={}, value={}", clientAppId(), policyName,
                    namespaceName, getter.apply((Policies) policiesObj.getValue()));
        } catch (RestException pfe) {
            throw pfe;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("[{}] Failed to update {} configuration for namespace {}",
                    clientAppId(), policyName, namespaceName, e);
            throw new RestException(e);
        }
    }

    protected void internalSetOffloadPolicies(AsyncResponse asyncResponse, OffloadPoliciesImpl offloadPolicies) {
        validateNamespacePolicyOperation(namespaceName, PolicyName.OFFLOAD, PolicyOperation.WRITE);
        validatePoliciesReadOnlyAccess();
        validateOffloadPolicies(offloadPolicies);

        try {
            final String path = path(POLICIES, namespaceName.toString());
            namespaceResources().setAsync(path, (policies) -> {
                if (Objects.equals(offloadPolicies.getManagedLedgerOffloadDeletionLagInMillis(),
                        OffloadPoliciesImpl.DEFAULT_OFFLOAD_DELETION_LAG_IN_MILLIS)) {
                    offloadPolicies.setManagedLedgerOffloadDeletionLagInMillis(policies.offload_deletion_lag_ms);
                } else {
                    policies.offload_deletion_lag_ms = offloadPolicies.getManagedLedgerOffloadDeletionLagInMillis();
                }
                if (Objects.equals(offloadPolicies.getManagedLedgerOffloadThresholdInBytes(),
                        OffloadPoliciesImpl.DEFAULT_OFFLOAD_THRESHOLD_IN_BYTES)) {
                    offloadPolicies.setManagedLedgerOffloadThresholdInBytes(policies.offload_threshold);
                } else {
                    policies.offload_threshold = offloadPolicies.getManagedLedgerOffloadThresholdInBytes();
                }
                policies.offload_policies = offloadPolicies;
                return policies;
            }).thenApply(r -> {
                log.info("[{}] Successfully updated offload configuration: namespace={}, map={}", clientAppId(),
                        namespaceName, offloadPolicies);
                asyncResponse.resume(Response.noContent().build());
                return null;
            }).exceptionally(e -> {
                log.error("[{}] Failed to update offload configuration for namespace {}", clientAppId(), namespaceName,
                        e);
                asyncResponse.resume(new RestException(e));
                return null;
            });
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("[{}] Failed to update offload configuration for namespace {}", clientAppId(), namespaceName, e);
            asyncResponse.resume(e.getCause() instanceof NotFoundException
                    ? new RestException(Status.CONFLICT, "Concurrent modification")
                    : new RestException(e));
        }
    }

    protected void internalRemoveOffloadPolicies(AsyncResponse asyncResponse) {
        validateNamespacePolicyOperation(namespaceName, PolicyName.OFFLOAD, PolicyOperation.WRITE);
        validatePoliciesReadOnlyAccess();
        try {
            final String path = path(POLICIES, namespaceName.toString());
            namespaceResources().setAsync(path, (policies) -> {
                policies.offload_policies = null;
                return policies;
            }).thenApply(r -> {
                log.info("[{}] Successfully remove offload configuration: namespace={}", clientAppId(), namespaceName);
                asyncResponse.resume(Response.noContent().build());
                return null;
            }).exceptionally(e -> {
                log.error("[{}] Failed to remove offload configuration for namespace {}", clientAppId(), namespaceName,
                        e);
                asyncResponse.resume(e.getCause() instanceof NotFoundException
                        ? new RestException(Status.CONFLICT, "Concurrent modification")
                        : new RestException(e));
                return null;
            });
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("[{}] Failed to remove offload configuration for namespace {}", clientAppId(), namespaceName, e);
            asyncResponse.resume(new RestException(e));
        }
    }

    private void validateOffloadPolicies(OffloadPoliciesImpl offloadPolicies) {
        if (offloadPolicies == null) {
            log.warn("[{}] Failed to update offload configuration for namespace {}: offloadPolicies is null",
                    clientAppId(), namespaceName);
            throw new RestException(Status.PRECONDITION_FAILED,
                    "The offloadPolicies must be specified for namespace offload.");
        }
        if (!offloadPolicies.driverSupported()) {
            log.warn("[{}] Failed to update offload configuration for namespace {}: "
                            + "driver is not supported, support value: {}",
                    clientAppId(), namespaceName, OffloadPoliciesImpl.getSupportedDriverNames());
            throw new RestException(Status.PRECONDITION_FAILED,
                    "The driver is not supported, support value: " + OffloadPoliciesImpl.getSupportedDriverNames());
        }
        if (!offloadPolicies.bucketValid()) {
            log.warn("[{}] Failed to update offload configuration for namespace {}: bucket must be specified",
                    clientAppId(), namespaceName);
            throw new RestException(Status.PRECONDITION_FAILED,
                    "The bucket must be specified for namespace offload.");
        }
    }

    protected OffloadPoliciesImpl internalGetOffloadPolicies() {
        validateNamespacePolicyOperation(namespaceName, PolicyName.OFFLOAD, PolicyOperation.READ);

        Policies policies = getNamespacePolicies(namespaceName);
        return (OffloadPoliciesImpl) policies.offload_policies;
    }

    protected int internalGetMaxTopicsPerNamespace() {
        validateNamespacePolicyOperation(namespaceName, PolicyName.MAX_TOPICS, PolicyOperation.READ);
        return getNamespacePolicies(namespaceName).max_topics_per_namespace;
    }

   protected void internalRemoveMaxTopicsPerNamespace() {
        validateNamespacePolicyOperation(namespaceName, PolicyName.MAX_TOPICS, PolicyOperation.WRITE);
        internalSetMaxTopicsPerNamespace(null);
   }

   protected void internalSetMaxTopicsPerNamespace(Integer maxTopicsPerNamespace) {
        validateNamespacePolicyOperation(namespaceName, PolicyName.MAX_TOPICS, PolicyOperation.WRITE);
        validatePoliciesReadOnlyAccess();

        if (maxTopicsPerNamespace != null && maxTopicsPerNamespace < 0) {
            throw new RestException(Status.PRECONDITION_FAILED,
                    "maxTopicsPerNamespace must be 0 or more");
        }
        internalSetPolicies("max_topics_per_namespace", maxTopicsPerNamespace);
   }

   protected void internalSetProperty(String key, String value, AsyncResponse asyncResponse) {
       validatePoliciesReadOnlyAccess();
       final String path = path(POLICIES, namespaceName.toString());
       updatePoliciesAsync(path, (policies) -> {
           policies.properties.put(key, value);
           return policies;
       }).thenAccept(v -> {
           log.info("[{}] Successfully set property for key {} on namespace {}", clientAppId(), key,
                   namespaceName);
           asyncResponse.resume(Response.noContent().build());
       }).exceptionally(ex -> {
           Throwable cause = ex.getCause();
           log.error("[{}] Failed to set property for key {} on namespace {}", clientAppId(), key,
                   namespaceName, cause);
           asyncResponse.resume(cause);
           return null;
       });
   }

   protected void internalSetProperties(Map<String, String> properties, AsyncResponse asyncResponse) {
       validatePoliciesReadOnlyAccess();
       final String path = path(POLICIES, namespaceName.toString());
       updatePoliciesAsync(path, (policies) -> {
           policies.properties.putAll(properties);
           return policies;
       }).thenAccept(v -> {
           log.info("[{}] Successfully set {} properties on namespace {}", clientAppId(), properties.size(),
                   namespaceName);
           asyncResponse.resume(Response.noContent().build());
       }).exceptionally(ex -> {
           Throwable cause = ex.getCause();
           log.error("[{}] Failed to set {} properties on namespace {}", clientAppId(), properties.size(),
                   namespaceName, cause);
           asyncResponse.resume(cause);
           return null;
       });
   }

   protected void internalGetProperty(String key, AsyncResponse asyncResponse) {
        getNamespacePoliciesAsync(namespaceName).thenAccept(policies -> {
            asyncResponse.resume(policies.properties.get(key));
        }).exceptionally(ex -> {
            Throwable cause = ex.getCause();
            log.error("[{}] Failed to get property for key {} of namespace {}", clientAppId(), key,
                    namespaceName, cause);
            asyncResponse.resume(cause);
            return null;
        });
   }

   protected void internalGetProperties(AsyncResponse asyncResponse) {
       getNamespacePoliciesAsync(namespaceName).thenAccept(policies -> {
           asyncResponse.resume(policies.properties);
       }).exceptionally(ex -> {
           Throwable cause = ex.getCause();
           log.error("[{}] Failed to get properties of namespace {}", clientAppId(), namespaceName, cause);
           asyncResponse.resume(cause);
           return null;
       });
   }

   protected void internalRemoveProperty(String key, AsyncResponse asyncResponse) {
       validatePoliciesReadOnlyAccess();
       final String path = path(POLICIES, namespaceName.toString());
       AtomicReference<String> oldVal = new AtomicReference<>(null);
       updatePoliciesAsync(path, (policies) -> {
           oldVal.set(policies.properties.remove(key));
           return policies;
       }).thenAccept(v -> {
           asyncResponse.resume(oldVal.get());
           log.info("[{}] Successfully remove property for key {} on namespace {}", clientAppId(), key,
                   namespaceName);
       }).exceptionally(ex -> {
           Throwable cause = ex.getCause();
           log.error("[{}] Failed to remove property for key {} on namespace {}", clientAppId(), key,
                   namespaceName, cause);
           asyncResponse.resume(cause);
          return null;
       });
   }

   protected void internalClearProperties(AsyncResponse asyncResponse) {
       validatePoliciesReadOnlyAccess();
       final String path = path(POLICIES, namespaceName.toString());
       AtomicReference<Integer> clearedCount = new AtomicReference<>(0);
       updatePoliciesAsync(path, (policies) -> {
           clearedCount.set(policies.properties.size());
           policies.properties.clear();
           return policies;
       }).thenAccept(v -> {
           asyncResponse.resume(Response.noContent().build());
           log.info("[{}] Successfully clear {} properties for on namespace {}", clientAppId(), clearedCount.get(),
                   namespaceName);
       }).exceptionally(ex -> {
           Throwable cause = ex.getCause();
           log.error("[{}] Failed to remove property for key {} on namespace {}", clientAppId(), clearedCount.get(),
                   namespaceName, cause);
           asyncResponse.resume(cause);
           return null;
       });
   }

   private CompletableFuture<Void> updatePoliciesAsync(String path, Function<Policies, Policies> updateFunction) {
       CompletableFuture<Void> result = new CompletableFuture<>();
       namespaceResources().setAsync(path, updateFunction)
           .thenAccept(v -> {
               log.info("[{}] Successfully updated the {} on namespace {}", clientAppId(), path, namespaceName);
               result.complete(null);
           })
           .exceptionally(ex -> {
               Throwable cause = ex.getCause();
               if (cause instanceof NotFoundException) {
                   result.completeExceptionally(new RestException(Status.NOT_FOUND, "Namespace does not exist"));
               } else if (cause instanceof BadVersionException) {
                   log.warn("[{}] Failed to update the replication clusters on"
                                   + " namespace {} : concurrent modification", clientAppId(), namespaceName);
                   result.completeExceptionally(new RestException(Status.CONFLICT, "Concurrent modification"));
               } else {
                   log.error("[{}] Failed to update namespace policies {}", clientAppId(), namespaceName, cause);
                   result.completeExceptionally(new RestException(cause));
               }
               return null;
           });
       return result;
   }

   private void updatePolicies(String path, Function<Policies, Policies> updateFunction) {
       // Force to read the data s.t. the watch to the cache content is setup.
       try {
           updatePoliciesAsync(path, updateFunction).get(namespaceResources().getOperationTimeoutSec(),
                   TimeUnit.SECONDS);
       } catch (Exception e) {
           Throwable cause = e.getCause();
           if (!(cause instanceof RestException)) {
               throw new RestException(cause);
           } else {
               throw (RestException) cause;
           }
       }
   }

    protected void internalSetNamespaceResourceGroup(String rgName) {
        validateNamespacePolicyOperation(namespaceName, PolicyName.RESOURCEGROUP, PolicyOperation.WRITE);
        validatePoliciesReadOnlyAccess();

        if (rgName != null) {
            final String resourceGroupPath = AdminResource.path(RESOURCEGROUPS, rgName);
            // check resourcegroup exists.
            try {
                if (!resourceGroupResources().exists(resourceGroupPath)) {
                    throw new RestException(Status.PRECONDITION_FAILED, "ResourceGroup does not exist");
                }
            } catch (Exception e) {
                log.error("[{}] Invalid ResourceGroup {}: {}", clientAppId(), rgName, e);
                throw new RestException(e);
            }
        }

        internalSetPolicies("resource_group_name", rgName);
    }


    private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(NamespacesBase.class);
}