[Task]: Stop using GCR in Beam

[tvalentyn]

What needs to happen?

GCR is deprecated in favor of Google Artifact registry. We use GCR in some integration tests, such as Python ValidatesContainer test, and possibly a few other other places. At some point, GCR might disallow pushing new images.

I looked at some failing ValidatesContainer tests as part of 2.56.0 release validation. I saw tests that exercise prebuilding workflow using the local_docker mode failing: logs said image was pushed, but Dataflow couldn't pull image from GCR. Errors like this wouldn't be investigated sine GCR is deprecated and we should switch to AR.

Issue Priority

Priority: 2 (default / most normal work should be filed as P2)

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