Add page index reader test for all types and support empty index.

[Ted-Jiang]

Which issue does this PR close?

Closes #2010.

Rationale for this change

After apache/parquet-testing#25 merged, there will be standard page index test file in parquet-testing.All types support page index in parquet-format has add test in this pr.

Another change:
I found there is a situation one col has pageLocation but without min_max index(😂 i missed it). So add EMPTY_ARRAY in enum Index.

What changes are included in this PR?

Are there any user-facing changes?

[codecov-commenter]

Codecov Report

Merging #2012 (d18f459) into master (2309157) will decrease coverage by 0.03%.
The diff coverage is 96.90%.

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##           master    #2012      +/-   ##
==========================================
- Coverage   83.58%   83.55%   -0.04%     
==========================================
  Files         222      222              
  Lines       57529    58059     +530     
==========================================
+ Hits        48088    48510     +422     
- Misses       9441     9549     +108     

Impacted Files	Coverage Δ
parquet/src/file/page_index/index.rs	69.23% <ø> (+46.15%)	⬆️
parquet/src/file/serialized_reader.rs	95.00% <96.73%> (+0.04%)	⬆️
parquet/src/file/metadata.rs	95.39% <100.00%> (ø)
parquet/src/file/page_index/index_reader.rs	90.90% <100.00%> (+10.60%)	⬆️
parquet/src/arrow/array_reader/empty_array.rs	45.45% <0.00%> (-10.11%)	⬇️
arrow/src/compute/kernels/arity.rs	81.05% <0.00%> (-9.86%)	⬇️
parquet/src/arrow/array_reader/struct_array.rs	78.99% <0.00%> (-9.69%)	⬇️
parquet/src/arrow/array_reader/map_array.rs	58.82% <0.00%> (-8.98%)	⬇️
parquet/src/column/reader/decoder.rs	69.23% <0.00%> (-7.05%)	⬇️
parquet/src/arrow/array_reader/null_array.rs	81.48% <0.00%> (-6.52%)	⬇️
... and 25 more

---

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[Ted-Jiang]

@alamb @tustvold PTAL 😄

[tustvold]

Looking really nice 👍

Only some minor nits and then this can go in

[Ted-Jiang]

@tustvold do you know this error in IT

==========================================================
Testing file duration
==========================================================
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/arrow/dev/archery/archery/integration/runner.py", line 246, in _run_ipc_test_case
    run_binaries(producer, consumer, test_case)
  File "/arrow/dev/archery/archery/integration/runner.py", line 286, in _produce_consume
    consumer.stream_to_file(producer_stream_path, consumer_file_path)
  File "/arrow/dev/archery/archery/integration/tester_csharp.py", line 63, in stream_to_file
    self.run_shell_command(cmd)
  File "/arrow/dev/archery/archery/integration/tester.py", line 49, in run_shell_command
    subprocess.check_call(cmd, shell=True)
  File "/opt/conda/envs/arrow/lib/python3.10/subprocess.py", line 369, in check_call
    raise CalledProcessError(retcode, cmd)
subprocess.CalledProcessError: Command '/arrow/csharp/artifacts/Apache.Arrow.IntegrationTest/Debug/net6.0/Apache.Arrow.IntegrationTest --mode stream-to-file -a /tmp/tmp3okdpdw5/124c7ca4_generated_datetime.consumer_stream_as_file < /tmp/tmp3okdpdw5/124c7ca4_generated_datetime.producer_file_as_stream' returned non-zero exit status 1.
################# FAILURES #################
FAILED TEST: datetime Java producing,  C# consuming
1 failures
1
Error: `docker-compose --file /home/runner/work/arrow-rs/arrow-rs/docker-compose.yml run --rm -e ARCHERY_INTEGRATION_WITH_RUST=1 conda-integration` exited with a non-zero exit code 1, see the process log above.
The docker-compose command was invoked with the following parameters:
Defaults defined in .env:
  ALMALINUX: 8
  ARCH: amd64
  ARCH_ALIAS: x86_64
  ARCH_SHORT: amd64
  ARROW_R_DEV: TRUE
  BUILDKIT_INLINE_CACHE: 1
  CLANG_TOOLS: 12
  COMPOSE_DOCKER_CLI_BUILD: 1
  CONAN: gcc10
  CUDA: 9.1
  DASK: latest
  DEBIAN: 11
  DEVTOOLSET_VERSION: -1
  DOCKER_BUILDKIT: 1
  DOCKER_VOLUME_PREFIX: 
  DOTNET: 6.0
  FEDORA: 35
  GCC_VERSION: 
  GO: 1.16
  HDFS: 3.2.1
  JDK: 8
  KARTOTHEK: latest
  LLVM: 13
  MAVEN: 3.5.4
  NODE: 16
  NUMPY: latest
  PANDAS: latest
  PYTHON: 3.8
  PYTHON_WHEEL_WINDOWS_IMAGE_REVISION: 2022-06-12
  R: 4.2
  REPO: apache/arrow-dev
  R_CUSTOM_CCACHE: false
  R_IMAGE: ubuntu-gcc-release
  R_ORG: rhub
  R_PRUNE_DEPS: FALSE
  R_TAG: latest
  SPARK: master
  TURBODBC: latest
  TZ: UTC
  UBUNTU: 20.04
  ULIMIT_CORE: -1
  VCPKG: 38bb87c
Archery was called with:

[tustvold]

See #1931

[tustvold]

I think I would prefer None to indicate absence of index information. EMPTY_ARRAY makes me think of an empty byte array or something

[Ted-Jiang]

make sense.