Add @task.short_circuit TaskFlow decorator

[josh-fell]

To complete the "Python operator" set, this PR adds a TaskFlow decorator abstraction for the ShortCircuitOperator.

TODO:

• Add unit tests

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[uranusjr]

A documentation should be added somewhere (docstring? TaskFlow howto?) to describe what returning True and False means.

[josh-fell]

A documentation should be added somewhere (docstring? TaskFlow howto?) to describe what returning True and False means.

That's fair. I think updating the docs somewhere would be my preference. Maybe in the Python Operator how-tos doc?

Side note, maybe we should add a TaskFlow Decorators section to the Python API Reference in a separate PR. WDYT?

[potiuk]

A documentation should be added somewhere (docstring? TaskFlow howto?) to describe what returning True and False means.

That's fair. I think updating the docs somewhere would be my preference. Maybe in the Python Operator how-tos doc?

Sounds good.

Side note, maybe we should add a TaskFlow Decorators section to the Python API Reference in a separate PR. WDYT?

Agree. Also - since some of the decorators are coming from the providers, we should add a section in https://airflow.apache.org/docs/apache-airflow-providers/core-extensions/index.html (I can add it and also refactor this page a bit as it is a bit too long now and I think we should make it more compact).

How about also reversing (in separate PR) the "priority" of "classic" vs. "taskflow" approach ? I think we are quickly approaching the point where taskflow is generally recommended and "on-par" approach than Classic and we should promote it as "the" way of doing things while marking classic approach as somewhat (not entirely but somewhat) legacty.

[josh-fell]

Update the Python operator how-to doc with references to the new decorator.

[josh-fell]

The test failures don't look related to this PR, but they do look to be resolved by reverting #26175 (at least locally).

[josh-fell]

Mainly rebasing to pick up #26188 which should hopefully yield clean CI checks.