diff --git a/lib/regexp_parser/parser.rb b/lib/regexp_parser/parser.rb
index 9176a78..aa14a99 100644
--- a/lib/regexp_parser/parser.rb
+++ b/lib/regexp_parser/parser.rb
@@ -55,6 +55,10 @@ def parse(input, syntax = "ruby/#{RUBY_VERSION}", options: nil, &block)
                 :captured_group_counts
 
   def extract_options(input, options)
+    if options && !input.is_a?(String)
+      raise ArgumentError, 'options cannot be supplied unless parsing a String'
+    end
+
     options = input.options if input.is_a?(::Regexp)
 
     return {} unless options
diff --git a/lib/regexp_parser/scanner/scanner.rl b/lib/regexp_parser/scanner/scanner.rl
index 607047c..aef4856 100644
--- a/lib/regexp_parser/scanner/scanner.rl
+++ b/lib/regexp_parser/scanner/scanner.rl
@@ -813,6 +813,10 @@ class Regexp::Scanner
                 :group_depth, :set_depth, :conditional_stack
 
   def free_spacing?(input_object, options)
+    if options && !input_object.is_a?(String)
+      raise ArgumentError, 'options cannot be supplied unless scanning a String'
+    end
+
     options = input_object.options if input_object.is_a?(::Regexp)
 
     return false unless options
diff --git a/spec/parser/options_spec.rb b/spec/parser/options_spec.rb
index 3c2c2cc..fb9e669 100644
--- a/spec/parser/options_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/parser/options_spec.rb
@@ -1,10 +1,11 @@
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 RSpec.describe('passing options to parse') do
-  it 'ignores options if parsing from a Regexp' do
-    root = RP.parse(/a+/ix, options: ::Regexp::MULTILINE)
-
-    expect(root.options).to eq(i: true, x: true)
+  it 'raises if if parsing from a Regexp and options are passed' do
+    expect { RP.parse(/a+/, options: ::Regexp::EXTENDED) }.to raise_error(
+      ArgumentError,
+      'options cannot be supplied unless parsing a String'
+    )
   end
 
   it 'sets options if parsing from a String' do
diff --git a/spec/scanner/options_spec.rb b/spec/scanner/options_spec.rb
index 9b4737a..d7fd98d 100644
--- a/spec/scanner/options_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/scanner/options_spec.rb
@@ -5,18 +5,14 @@ def expect_type_tokens(tokens, type_tokens)
     expect(tokens.map { |type, token, *| [type, token] }).to eq(type_tokens)
   end
 
-  it 'ignores options if parsing from a Regexp' do
-    expect_type_tokens(
-      RS.scan(/a+#c/im, options: ::Regexp::EXTENDED),
-      [
-        %i[literal literal],
-        %i[quantifier one_or_more],
-        %i[literal literal]
-      ]
+  it 'raises if if scanning from a Regexp and options are passed' do
+    expect { RS.scan(/a+/, options: ::Regexp::EXTENDED) }.to raise_error(
+      ArgumentError,
+      'options cannot be supplied unless scanning a String'
     )
   end
 
-  it 'sets free_spacing based on options if parsing from a String' do
+  it 'sets free_spacing based on options if scanning from a String' do
     expect_type_tokens(
       RS.scan('a+#c', options: ::Regexp::MULTILINE | ::Regexp::EXTENDED),
       [
@@ -27,7 +23,7 @@ def expect_type_tokens(tokens, type_tokens)
     )
   end
 
-  it 'does not set free_spacing if parsing from a String and passing no options' do
+  it 'does not set free_spacing if scanning from a String and passing no options' do
     expect_type_tokens(
       RS.scan('a+#c'),
       [