main.go

package main

import (
	"bytes"
	"encoding/json"
	"flag"
	"fmt"
	"html/template"
	"io"
	"net/http"
	"os"
	"os/exec"
	"path/filepath"
	"reflect"
	"regexp"
	"sort"
	"strconv"
	"strings"
	texttemplate "text/template"
	"time"
	"unicode"

	"github.com/russross/blackfriday/v2"
	"k8s.io/gengo/parser"
	"k8s.io/gengo/types"
	"k8s.io/klog/v2"
)

var (
	flConfig      = flag.String("config", "", "path to config file")
	flAPIDir      = flag.String("api-dir", "", "api directory (or import path), point this to pkg/apis")
	flTemplateDir = flag.String("template-dir", "template", "path to template/ dir")

	flHTTPAddr = flag.String("http-addr", "", "start an HTTP server on specified addr to view the result (e.g. :8080)")
	flOutFile  = flag.String("out-file", "", "path to output file to save the result")
)

const (
	docCommentForceIncludes = "// +gencrdrefdocs:force"
)

type generatorConfig struct {
	// HiddenMemberFields hides fields with specified names on all types.
	HiddenMemberFields []string `json:"hideMemberFields"`

	// HideTypePatterns hides types matching the specified patterns from the
	// output.
	HideTypePatterns []string `json:"hideTypePatterns"`

	// ExternalPackages lists recognized external package references and how to
	// link to them.
	ExternalPackages []externalPackage `json:"externalPackages"`

	// TypeDisplayNamePrefixOverrides is a mapping of how to override displayed
	// name for types with certain prefixes with what value.
	TypeDisplayNamePrefixOverrides map[string]string `json:"typeDisplayNamePrefixOverrides"`

	// MarkdownDisabled controls markdown rendering for comment lines.
	MarkdownDisabled bool `json:"markdownDisabled"`

	// GitCommitDisabled causes the git commit information to be excluded from the output.
	GitCommitDisabled bool `json:"gitCommitDisabled"`
}

type externalPackage struct {
	TypeMatchPrefix string `json:"typeMatchPrefix"`
	DocsURLTemplate string `json:"docsURLTemplate"`
}

type apiPackage struct {
	apiGroup   string
	apiVersion string
	GoPackages []*types.Package
	Types      []*types.Type // because multiple 'types.Package's can add types to an apiVersion
	Constants  []*types.Type
}

func (v *apiPackage) identifier() string { return fmt.Sprintf("%s/%s", v.apiGroup, v.apiVersion) }

func init() {
	klog.InitFlags(nil)
	flag.Set("alsologtostderr", "true") // for klog
	flag.Parse()

	if *flConfig == "" {
		panic("-config not specified")
	}
	if *flAPIDir == "" {
		panic("-api-dir not specified")
	}
	if *flHTTPAddr == "" && *flOutFile == "" {
		panic("-out-file or -http-addr must be specified")
	}
	if *flHTTPAddr != "" && *flOutFile != "" {
		panic("only -out-file or -http-addr can be specified")
	}
	if err := resolveTemplateDir(*flTemplateDir); err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}
}

func resolveTemplateDir(dir string) error {
	path, err := filepath.Abs(dir)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	if fi, err := os.Stat(path); err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("cannot read the %s directory: %w", path, err)
	} else if !fi.IsDir() {
		return fmt.Errorf("%s path is not a directory", path)
	}
	return nil
}

func main() {
	defer klog.Flush()

	f, err := os.Open(*flConfig)
	if err != nil {
		klog.Fatalf("failed to open config file: %+v", err)
	}
	d := json.NewDecoder(f)
	d.DisallowUnknownFields()
	var config generatorConfig
	if err := d.Decode(&config); err != nil {
		klog.Fatalf("failed to parse config file: %+v", err)
	}

	klog.Infof("parsing go packages in directory %s", *flAPIDir)
	pkgs, err := parseAPIPackages(*flAPIDir)
	if err != nil {
		klog.Fatal(err)
	}
	if len(pkgs) == 0 {
		klog.Fatalf("no API packages found in %s", *flAPIDir)
	}

	apiPackages, err := combineAPIPackages(pkgs)
	if err != nil {
		klog.Fatal(err)
	}

	mkOutput := func() (string, error) {
		var b bytes.Buffer
		err := render(&b, apiPackages, config)
		if err != nil {
			return "", fmt.Errorf("failed to render the result: %w", err)
		}

		// remove trailing whitespace from each html line for markdown renderers
		s := regexp.MustCompile(`(?m)^\s+`).ReplaceAllString(b.String(), "")
		return s, nil
	}

	if *flOutFile != "" {
		dir := filepath.Dir(*flOutFile)
		if err := os.MkdirAll(dir, 0o755); err != nil {
			klog.Fatalf("failed to create dir %s: %v", dir, err)
		}
		s, err := mkOutput()
		if err != nil {
			klog.Fatalf("failed: %+v", err)
		}
		if err := os.WriteFile(*flOutFile, []byte(s), 0o644); err != nil {
			klog.Fatalf("failed to write to out file: %v", err)
		}
		klog.Infof("written to %s", *flOutFile)
	}

	if *flHTTPAddr != "" {
		h := func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
			now := time.Now()
			defer func() { klog.Infof("request took %v", time.Since(now)) }()
			s, err := mkOutput()
			if err != nil {
				fmt.Fprintf(w, "error: %+v", err)
				klog.Warningf("failed: %+v", err)
			}
			if _, err := fmt.Fprint(w, s); err != nil {
				klog.Warningf("response write error: %v", err)
			}
		}
		http.HandleFunc("/", h)
		klog.Infof("server listening at %s", *flHTTPAddr)
		klog.Fatal(http.ListenAndServe(*flHTTPAddr, nil))
	}
}

// groupName extracts the "//+groupName" meta-comment from the specified
// package's comments, or returns empty string if it cannot be found.
func groupName(pkg *types.Package) string {
	m := types.ExtractCommentTags("+", pkg.Comments)
	v := m["groupName"]
	if len(v) == 1 {
		return v[0]
	}
	return ""
}

func parseAPIPackages(dir string) ([]*types.Package, error) {
	b := parser.New()
	// the following will silently fail (turn on -v=4 to see logs)
	if err := b.AddDirRecursive(*flAPIDir); err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	scan, err := b.FindTypes()
	if err != nil {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to parse pkgs and types: %w", err)
	}
	var pkgNames []string
	for p := range scan {
		pkg := scan[p]
		klog.V(3).Infof("trying package=%v groupName=%s", p, groupName(pkg))

		// Do not pick up packages that are in vendor/ as API packages. (This
		// happened in knative/eventing-sources/vendor/..., where a package
		// matched the pattern, but it didn't have a compatible import path).
		if isVendorPackage(pkg) {
			klog.V(3).Infof("package=%v coming from vendor/, ignoring.", p)
			continue
		}

		if groupName(pkg) != "" && len(pkg.Types) > 0 || containsString(pkg.DocComments, docCommentForceIncludes) {
			klog.V(3).Infof("package=%v has groupName and has types", p)
			pkgNames = append(pkgNames, p)
		}
	}
	sort.Strings(pkgNames)
	var pkgs []*types.Package
	for _, p := range pkgNames {
		klog.Infof("using package=%s", p)
		pkgs = append(pkgs, scan[p])
	}
	return pkgs, nil
}

func containsString(sl []string, str string) bool {
	for _, s := range sl {
		if str == s {
			return true
		}
	}
	return false
}

// combineAPIPackages groups the Go packages by the <apiGroup+apiVersion> they
// offer, and combines the types in them.
func combineAPIPackages(pkgs []*types.Package) ([]*apiPackage, error) {
	pkgMap := make(map[string]*apiPackage)
	var pkgIds []string

	flattenTypes := func(typeMap map[string]*types.Type) []*types.Type {
		typeList := make([]*types.Type, 0, len(typeMap))

		for _, t := range typeMap {
			typeList = append(typeList, t)
		}

		return typeList
	}

	for _, pkg := range pkgs {
		apiGroup, apiVersion, err := apiVersionForPackage(pkg)
		if err != nil {
			return nil, fmt.Errorf("could not get apiVersion for package %s: %w", pkg.Path, err)
		}

		typeList := make([]*types.Type, 0, len(pkg.Types))
		for _, t := range pkg.Types {
			typeList = append(typeList, t)
		}

		id := fmt.Sprintf("%s/%s", apiGroup, apiVersion)
		v, ok := pkgMap[id]
		if !ok {
			pkgMap[id] = &apiPackage{
				apiGroup:   apiGroup,
				apiVersion: apiVersion,
				Types:      flattenTypes(pkg.Types),
				Constants:  flattenTypes(pkg.Constants),
				GoPackages: []*types.Package{pkg},
			}
			pkgIds = append(pkgIds, id)
		} else {
			v.Types = append(v.Types, flattenTypes(pkg.Types)...)
			v.Constants = append(v.Types, flattenTypes(pkg.Constants)...)
			v.GoPackages = append(v.GoPackages, pkg)
		}
	}

	sort.Sort(sort.StringSlice(pkgIds))

	out := make([]*apiPackage, 0, len(pkgMap))
	for _, id := range pkgIds {
		out = append(out, pkgMap[id])
	}
	return out, nil
}

// isVendorPackage determines if package is coming from vendor/ dir.
func isVendorPackage(pkg *types.Package) bool {
	vendorPattern := string(os.PathSeparator) + "vendor" + string(os.PathSeparator)
	return strings.Contains(pkg.SourcePath, vendorPattern)
}

func findTypeReferences(pkgs []*apiPackage) map[*types.Type][]*types.Type {
	m := make(map[*types.Type][]*types.Type)
	for _, pkg := range pkgs {
		for _, typ := range pkg.Types {
			for _, member := range typ.Members {
				t := member.Type
				t = tryDereference(t)
				m[t] = append(m[t], typ)
			}
		}
	}
	return m
}

func isExportedType(t *types.Type) bool {
	// TODO(ahmetb) use types.ExtractSingleBoolCommentTag() to parse +genclient
	// https://godoc.org/k8s.io/gengo/types#ExtractCommentTags
	return strings.Contains(strings.Join(t.SecondClosestCommentLines, "\n"), "+genclient")
}

func fieldName(m types.Member) string {
	v := reflect.StructTag(m.Tags).Get("json")
	v = strings.TrimSuffix(v, ",omitempty")
	v = strings.TrimSuffix(v, ",inline")
	if v != "" {
		return v
	}
	return m.Name
}

func fieldEmbedded(m types.Member) bool {
	return strings.Contains(reflect.StructTag(m.Tags).Get("json"), ",inline")
}

func isLocalType(t *types.Type, typePkgMap map[*types.Type]*apiPackage) bool {
	t = tryDereference(t)
	_, ok := typePkgMap[t]
	return ok
}

func renderComments(s []string, markdown bool) string {
	s = filterCommentTags(s)
	doc := strings.Join(s, "\n")

	if markdown {
		// TODO(ahmetb): when a comment includes stuff like "http://<service>"
		// we treat this as a HTML tag with markdown renderer below. solve this.
		return string(blackfriday.Run([]byte(doc)))
	}
	return nl2br(doc)
}

func safe(s string) template.HTML { return template.HTML(s) }

func nl2br(s string) string {
	return strings.Replace(s, "\n\n", string(template.HTML("<br/><br/>")), -1)
}

func hiddenMember(m types.Member, c generatorConfig) bool {
	for _, v := range c.HiddenMemberFields {
		if m.Name == v {
			return true
		}
	}
	return false
}

func typeIdentifier(t *types.Type) string {
	t = tryDereference(t)
	return t.Name.String() // {PackagePath.Name}
}

// apiGroupForType looks up apiGroup for the given type
func apiGroupForType(t *types.Type, typePkgMap map[*types.Type]*apiPackage) string {
	t = tryDereference(t)

	v := typePkgMap[t]
	if v == nil {
		klog.Warningf("WARNING: cannot read apiVersion for %s from type=>pkg map", t.Name.String())
		return "<UNKNOWN_API_GROUP>"
	}

	return v.identifier()
}

// anchorIDForLocalType returns the #anchor string for the local type
func anchorIDForLocalType(t *types.Type, typePkgMap map[*types.Type]*apiPackage) string {
	return fmt.Sprintf("%s.%s", apiGroupForType(t, typePkgMap), t.Name.Name)
}

// linkForType returns an anchor to the type if it can be generated. returns
// empty string if it is not a local type or unrecognized external type.
func linkForType(t *types.Type, c generatorConfig, typePkgMap map[*types.Type]*apiPackage) (string, error) {
	t = tryDereference(t) // dereference kind=Pointer

	if isLocalType(t, typePkgMap) {
		return "#" + anchorIDForLocalType(t, typePkgMap), nil
	}

	arrIndex := func(a []string, i int) string {
		return a[(len(a)+i)%len(a)]
	}

	// types like k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/apis/meta/v1.ObjectMeta,
	// k8s.io/api/core/v1.Container, k8s.io/api/autoscaling/v1.CrossVersionObjectReference,
	// github.com/knative/build/pkg/apis/build/v1alpha1.BuildSpec
	if t.Kind == types.Struct || t.Kind == types.Pointer || t.Kind == types.Interface || t.Kind == types.Alias {
		id := typeIdentifier(t)                        // gives {{ImportPath.Identifier}} for type
		segments := strings.Split(t.Name.Package, "/") // to parse [meta, v1] from "k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/apis/meta/v1"

		for _, v := range c.ExternalPackages {
			r, err := regexp.Compile(v.TypeMatchPrefix)
			if err != nil {
				return "", fmt.Errorf("pattern %q failed to compile: %w", v.TypeMatchPrefix, err)
			}
			if r.MatchString(id) {
				tpl, err := texttemplate.New("").Funcs(map[string]interface{}{
					"lower":    strings.ToLower,
					"arrIndex": arrIndex,
				}).Parse(v.DocsURLTemplate)
				if err != nil {
					return "", fmt.Errorf("docs URL template failed to parse: %w", err)
				}

				var b bytes.Buffer
				if err := tpl.
					Execute(&b, map[string]interface{}{
						"TypeIdentifier":  t.Name.Name,
						"PackagePath":     t.Name.Package,
						"PackageSegments": segments,
					}); err != nil {
					return "", fmt.Errorf("docs url template execution error: %w", err)
				}
				return b.String(), nil
			}
		}
		klog.Warningf("not found external link source for type %v", t.Name)
	}
	return "", nil
}

// tryDereference returns the underlying type when t is a pointer, map, or slice.
func tryDereference(t *types.Type) *types.Type {
	for t.Elem != nil {
		t = t.Elem
	}
	return t
}

// finalUnderlyingTypeOf walks the type hierarchy for t and returns
// its base type (i.e. the type that has no further underlying type).
func finalUnderlyingTypeOf(t *types.Type) *types.Type {
	for {
		if t.Underlying == nil {
			return t
		}

		t = t.Underlying
	}
}

func typeDisplayName(t *types.Type, c generatorConfig, typePkgMap map[*types.Type]*apiPackage) string {
	s := typeIdentifier(t)

	if isLocalType(t, typePkgMap) {
		s = tryDereference(t).Name.Name
	}

	if t.Kind == types.Pointer {
		s = strings.TrimLeft(s, "*")
	}

	switch t.Kind {
	case types.Struct,
		types.Interface,
		types.Alias,
		types.Pointer,
		types.Slice,
		types.Builtin:
		// noop
	case types.Map:
		// return original name
		return t.Name.Name
	case types.DeclarationOf:
		// For constants, we want to display the value
		// rather than the name of the constant, since the
		// value is what users will need to write into YAML
		// specs.
		if t.ConstValue != nil {
			u := finalUnderlyingTypeOf(t)
			// Quote string constants to make it clear to the documentation reader.
			if u.Kind == types.Builtin && u.Name.Name == "string" {
				return strconv.Quote(*t.ConstValue)
			}

			return *t.ConstValue
		}
		klog.Fatalf("type %s is a non-const declaration, which is unhandled", t.Name)
	default:
		klog.Fatalf("type %s has kind=%v which is unhandled", t.Name, t.Kind)
	}

	// substitute prefix, if registered
	for prefix, replacement := range c.TypeDisplayNamePrefixOverrides {
		if strings.HasPrefix(s, prefix) {
			s = strings.Replace(s, prefix, replacement, 1)
		}
	}

	if t.Kind == types.Slice {
		s = "[]" + s
	}

	return s
}

func hideType(t *types.Type, c generatorConfig) bool {
	for _, pattern := range c.HideTypePatterns {
		if regexp.MustCompile(pattern).MatchString(t.Name.String()) {
			return true
		}
	}
	if !isExportedType(t) && unicode.IsLower(rune(t.Name.Name[0])) {
		// types that start with lowercase
		return true
	}
	return false
}

func typeReferences(t *types.Type, c generatorConfig, references map[*types.Type][]*types.Type) []*types.Type {
	var out []*types.Type
	m := make(map[*types.Type]struct{})
	for _, ref := range references[t] {
		if !hideType(ref, c) {
			m[ref] = struct{}{}
		}
	}
	for k := range m {
		out = append(out, k)
	}
	sortTypes(out)
	return out
}

func sortTypes(typs []*types.Type) []*types.Type {
	sort.Slice(typs, func(i, j int) bool {
		t1, t2 := typs[i], typs[j]
		if isExportedType(t1) && !isExportedType(t2) {
			return true
		} else if !isExportedType(t1) && isExportedType(t2) {
			return false
		}
		return t1.Name.String() < t2.Name.String()
	})
	return typs
}

func visibleTypes(in []*types.Type, c generatorConfig) []*types.Type {
	var out []*types.Type
	for _, t := range in {
		if !hideType(t, c) {
			out = append(out, t)
		}
	}
	return out
}

func packageDisplayName(pkg *types.Package, apiVersions map[string]string) string {
	apiGroupVersion, ok := apiVersions[pkg.Path]
	if ok {
		return apiGroupVersion
	}
	return pkg.Path // go import path
}

func filterCommentTags(comments []string) []string {
	var out []string
	for _, v := range comments {
		if !strings.HasPrefix(strings.TrimSpace(v), "+") {
			out = append(out, v)
		}
	}
	return out
}

func isOptionalMember(m types.Member) bool {
	tags := types.ExtractCommentTags("+", m.CommentLines)
	_, ok := tags["optional"]
	return ok
}

func apiVersionForPackage(pkg *types.Package) (string, string, error) {
	group := groupName(pkg)
	version := pkg.Name // assumes basename (i.e. "v1" in "core/v1") is apiVersion
	r := `^v\d+((alpha|beta|api|stable)[a-z0-9]+)?$`
	if !regexp.MustCompile(r).MatchString(version) {
		return "", "", fmt.Errorf("cannot infer kubernetes apiVersion of go package %s (basename %q doesn't match expected pattern %s that's used to determine apiVersion)", pkg.Path, version, r)
	}
	return group, version, nil
}

// extractTypeToPackageMap creates a *types.Type map to apiPackage
func extractTypeToPackageMap(pkgs []*apiPackage) map[*types.Type]*apiPackage {
	out := make(map[*types.Type]*apiPackage)
	for _, ap := range pkgs {
		for _, t := range ap.Types {
			out[t] = ap
		}
		for _, t := range ap.Constants {
			out[t] = ap
		}
	}
	return out
}

// packageMapToList flattens the map.
func packageMapToList(pkgs map[string]*apiPackage) []*apiPackage {
	// TODO(ahmetb): we should probably not deal with maps, this type can be
	// a list everywhere.
	out := make([]*apiPackage, 0, len(pkgs))
	for _, v := range pkgs {
		out = append(out, v)
	}
	return out
}

// constantsOfType finds all the constants in pkg that have the
// same underlying type as t. This is intended for use by enum
// type validation, where users need to specify one of a specific
// set of constant values for a field.
func constantsOfType(t *types.Type, pkg *apiPackage) []*types.Type {
	constants := []*types.Type{}

	for _, c := range pkg.Constants {
		if c.Underlying == t {
			constants = append(constants, c)
		}
	}

	return sortTypes(constants)
}

func render(w io.Writer, pkgs []*apiPackage, config generatorConfig) error {
	references := findTypeReferences(pkgs)
	typePkgMap := extractTypeToPackageMap(pkgs)

	t, err := template.New("").Funcs(map[string]interface{}{
		"isExportedType":     isExportedType,
		"fieldName":          fieldName,
		"fieldEmbedded":      fieldEmbedded,
		"typeIdentifier":     func(t *types.Type) string { return typeIdentifier(t) },
		"typeDisplayName":    func(t *types.Type) string { return typeDisplayName(t, config, typePkgMap) },
		"visibleTypes":       func(t []*types.Type) []*types.Type { return visibleTypes(t, config) },
		"renderComments":     func(s []string) string { return renderComments(s, !config.MarkdownDisabled) },
		"packageDisplayName": func(p *apiPackage) string { return p.identifier() },
		"apiGroup":           func(t *types.Type) string { return apiGroupForType(t, typePkgMap) },
		"packageAnchorID": func(p *apiPackage) string {
			// TODO(ahmetb): currently this is the same as packageDisplayName
			// func, and it's fine since it returns valid DOM id strings like
			// 'serving.knative.dev/v1alpha1' which is valid per HTML5, except
			// spaces, so just trim those.
			return strings.Replace(p.identifier(), " ", "", -1)
		},
		"linkForType": func(t *types.Type) string {
			v, err := linkForType(t, config, typePkgMap)
			if err != nil {
				klog.Fatal(fmt.Errorf("error getting link for type=%s: %w", t.Name, err))
				return ""
			}
			return v
		},
		"anchorIDForType":  func(t *types.Type) string { return anchorIDForLocalType(t, typePkgMap) },
		"safe":             safe,
		"sortedTypes":      sortTypes,
		"typeReferences":   func(t *types.Type) []*types.Type { return typeReferences(t, config, references) },
		"hiddenMember":     func(m types.Member) bool { return hiddenMember(m, config) },
		"isLocalType":      isLocalType,
		"isOptionalMember": isOptionalMember,
		"constantsOfType":  func(t *types.Type) []*types.Type { return constantsOfType(t, typePkgMap[t]) },
	}).ParseGlob(filepath.Join(*flTemplateDir, "*.tpl"))
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("parse error: %w", err)
	}

	var gitCommit []byte
	if !config.GitCommitDisabled {
		gitCommit, _ = exec.Command("git", "rev-parse", "--short", "HEAD").Output()
	}

	if err := t.ExecuteTemplate(w, "packages", map[string]interface{}{
		"packages":  pkgs,
		"config":    config,
		"gitCommit": strings.TrimSpace(string(gitCommit)),
	}); err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("template execution error: %w", err)
	}

	return nil
}