sync.js

var global$1 = (typeof global !== "undefined" ? global :
            typeof self !== "undefined" ? self :
            typeof window !== "undefined" ? window : {});

var lookup = [];
var revLookup = [];
var Arr = typeof Uint8Array !== 'undefined' ? Uint8Array : Array;
var inited = false;
function init () {
  inited = true;
  var code = 'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/';
  for (var i = 0, len = code.length; i < len; ++i) {
    lookup[i] = code[i];
    revLookup[code.charCodeAt(i)] = i;
  }

  revLookup['-'.charCodeAt(0)] = 62;
  revLookup['_'.charCodeAt(0)] = 63;
}

function toByteArray (b64) {
  if (!inited) {
    init();
  }
  var i, j, l, tmp, placeHolders, arr;
  var len = b64.length;

  if (len % 4 > 0) {
    throw new Error('Invalid string. Length must be a multiple of 4')
  }

  // the number of equal signs (place holders)
  // if there are two placeholders, than the two characters before it
  // represent one byte
  // if there is only one, then the three characters before it represent 2 bytes
  // this is just a cheap hack to not do indexOf twice
  placeHolders = b64[len - 2] === '=' ? 2 : b64[len - 1] === '=' ? 1 : 0;

  // base64 is 4/3 + up to two characters of the original data
  arr = new Arr(len * 3 / 4 - placeHolders);

  // if there are placeholders, only get up to the last complete 4 chars
  l = placeHolders > 0 ? len - 4 : len;

  var L = 0;

  for (i = 0, j = 0; i < l; i += 4, j += 3) {
    tmp = (revLookup[b64.charCodeAt(i)] << 18) | (revLookup[b64.charCodeAt(i + 1)] << 12) | (revLookup[b64.charCodeAt(i + 2)] << 6) | revLookup[b64.charCodeAt(i + 3)];
    arr[L++] = (tmp >> 16) & 0xFF;
    arr[L++] = (tmp >> 8) & 0xFF;
    arr[L++] = tmp & 0xFF;
  }

  if (placeHolders === 2) {
    tmp = (revLookup[b64.charCodeAt(i)] << 2) | (revLookup[b64.charCodeAt(i + 1)] >> 4);
    arr[L++] = tmp & 0xFF;
  } else if (placeHolders === 1) {
    tmp = (revLookup[b64.charCodeAt(i)] << 10) | (revLookup[b64.charCodeAt(i + 1)] << 4) | (revLookup[b64.charCodeAt(i + 2)] >> 2);
    arr[L++] = (tmp >> 8) & 0xFF;
    arr[L++] = tmp & 0xFF;
  }

  return arr
}

function tripletToBase64 (num) {
  return lookup[num >> 18 & 0x3F] + lookup[num >> 12 & 0x3F] + lookup[num >> 6 & 0x3F] + lookup[num & 0x3F]
}

function encodeChunk (uint8, start, end) {
  var tmp;
  var output = [];
  for (var i = start; i < end; i += 3) {
    tmp = (uint8[i] << 16) + (uint8[i + 1] << 8) + (uint8[i + 2]);
    output.push(tripletToBase64(tmp));
  }
  return output.join('')
}

function fromByteArray (uint8) {
  if (!inited) {
    init();
  }
  var tmp;
  var len = uint8.length;
  var extraBytes = len % 3; // if we have 1 byte left, pad 2 bytes
  var output = '';
  var parts = [];
  var maxChunkLength = 16383; // must be multiple of 3

  // go through the array every three bytes, we'll deal with trailing stuff later
  for (var i = 0, len2 = len - extraBytes; i < len2; i += maxChunkLength) {
    parts.push(encodeChunk(uint8, i, (i + maxChunkLength) > len2 ? len2 : (i + maxChunkLength)));
  }

  // pad the end with zeros, but make sure to not forget the extra bytes
  if (extraBytes === 1) {
    tmp = uint8[len - 1];
    output += lookup[tmp >> 2];
    output += lookup[(tmp << 4) & 0x3F];
    output += '==';
  } else if (extraBytes === 2) {
    tmp = (uint8[len - 2] << 8) + (uint8[len - 1]);
    output += lookup[tmp >> 10];
    output += lookup[(tmp >> 4) & 0x3F];
    output += lookup[(tmp << 2) & 0x3F];
    output += '=';
  }

  parts.push(output);

  return parts.join('')
}

function read (buffer, offset, isLE, mLen, nBytes) {
  var e, m;
  var eLen = nBytes * 8 - mLen - 1;
  var eMax = (1 << eLen) - 1;
  var eBias = eMax >> 1;
  var nBits = -7;
  var i = isLE ? (nBytes - 1) : 0;
  var d = isLE ? -1 : 1;
  var s = buffer[offset + i];

  i += d;

  e = s & ((1 << (-nBits)) - 1);
  s >>= (-nBits);
  nBits += eLen;
  for (; nBits > 0; e = e * 256 + buffer[offset + i], i += d, nBits -= 8) {}

  m = e & ((1 << (-nBits)) - 1);
  e >>= (-nBits);
  nBits += mLen;
  for (; nBits > 0; m = m * 256 + buffer[offset + i], i += d, nBits -= 8) {}

  if (e === 0) {
    e = 1 - eBias;
  } else if (e === eMax) {
    return m ? NaN : ((s ? -1 : 1) * Infinity)
  } else {
    m = m + Math.pow(2, mLen);
    e = e - eBias;
  }
  return (s ? -1 : 1) * m * Math.pow(2, e - mLen)
}

function write (buffer, value, offset, isLE, mLen, nBytes) {
  var e, m, c;
  var eLen = nBytes * 8 - mLen - 1;
  var eMax = (1 << eLen) - 1;
  var eBias = eMax >> 1;
  var rt = (mLen === 23 ? Math.pow(2, -24) - Math.pow(2, -77) : 0);
  var i = isLE ? 0 : (nBytes - 1);
  var d = isLE ? 1 : -1;
  var s = value < 0 || (value === 0 && 1 / value < 0) ? 1 : 0;

  value = Math.abs(value);

  if (isNaN(value) || value === Infinity) {
    m = isNaN(value) ? 1 : 0;
    e = eMax;
  } else {
    e = Math.floor(Math.log(value) / Math.LN2);
    if (value * (c = Math.pow(2, -e)) < 1) {
      e--;
      c *= 2;
    }
    if (e + eBias >= 1) {
      value += rt / c;
    } else {
      value += rt * Math.pow(2, 1 - eBias);
    }
    if (value * c >= 2) {
      e++;
      c /= 2;
    }

    if (e + eBias >= eMax) {
      m = 0;
      e = eMax;
    } else if (e + eBias >= 1) {
      m = (value * c - 1) * Math.pow(2, mLen);
      e = e + eBias;
    } else {
      m = value * Math.pow(2, eBias - 1) * Math.pow(2, mLen);
      e = 0;
    }
  }

  for (; mLen >= 8; buffer[offset + i] = m & 0xff, i += d, m /= 256, mLen -= 8) {}

  e = (e << mLen) | m;
  eLen += mLen;
  for (; eLen > 0; buffer[offset + i] = e & 0xff, i += d, e /= 256, eLen -= 8) {}

  buffer[offset + i - d] |= s * 128;
}

var toString = {}.toString;

var isArray = Array.isArray || function (arr) {
  return toString.call(arr) == '[object Array]';
};

var INSPECT_MAX_BYTES = 50;

/**
 * If `Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT`:
 *   === true    Use Uint8Array implementation (fastest)
 *   === false   Use Object implementation (most compatible, even IE6)
 *
 * Browsers that support typed arrays are IE 10+, Firefox 4+, Chrome 7+, Safari 5.1+,
 * Opera 11.6+, iOS 4.2+.
 *
 * Due to various browser bugs, sometimes the Object implementation will be used even
 * when the browser supports typed arrays.
 *
 * Note:
 *
 *   - Firefox 4-29 lacks support for adding new properties to `Uint8Array` instances,
 *     See: https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=695438.
 *
 *   - Chrome 9-10 is missing the `TypedArray.prototype.subarray` function.
 *
 *   - IE10 has a broken `TypedArray.prototype.subarray` function which returns arrays of
 *     incorrect length in some situations.

 * We detect these buggy browsers and set `Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT` to `false` so they
 * get the Object implementation, which is slower but behaves correctly.
 */
Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT = global$1.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT !== undefined
  ? global$1.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT
  : true;

/*
 * Export kMaxLength after typed array support is determined.
 */
kMaxLength();

function kMaxLength () {
  return Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT
    ? 0x7fffffff
    : 0x3fffffff
}

function createBuffer (that, length) {
  if (kMaxLength() < length) {
    throw new RangeError('Invalid typed array length')
  }
  if (Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT) {
    // Return an augmented `Uint8Array` instance, for best performance
    that = new Uint8Array(length);
    that.__proto__ = Buffer.prototype;
  } else {
    // Fallback: Return an object instance of the Buffer class
    if (that === null) {
      that = new Buffer(length);
    }
    that.length = length;
  }

  return that
}

/**
 * The Buffer constructor returns instances of `Uint8Array` that have their
 * prototype changed to `Buffer.prototype`. Furthermore, `Buffer` is a subclass of
 * `Uint8Array`, so the returned instances will have all the node `Buffer` methods
 * and the `Uint8Array` methods. Square bracket notation works as expected -- it
 * returns a single octet.
 *
 * The `Uint8Array` prototype remains unmodified.
 */

function Buffer (arg, encodingOrOffset, length) {
  if (!Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT && !(this instanceof Buffer)) {
    return new Buffer(arg, encodingOrOffset, length)
  }

  // Common case.
  if (typeof arg === 'number') {
    if (typeof encodingOrOffset === 'string') {
      throw new Error(
        'If encoding is specified then the first argument must be a string'
      )
    }
    return allocUnsafe(this, arg)
  }
  return from(this, arg, encodingOrOffset, length)
}

Buffer.poolSize = 8192; // not used by this implementation

// TODO: Legacy, not needed anymore. Remove in next major version.
Buffer._augment = function (arr) {
  arr.__proto__ = Buffer.prototype;
  return arr
};

function from (that, value, encodingOrOffset, length) {
  if (typeof value === 'number') {
    throw new TypeError('"value" argument must not be a number')
  }

  if (typeof ArrayBuffer !== 'undefined' && value instanceof ArrayBuffer) {
    return fromArrayBuffer(that, value, encodingOrOffset, length)
  }

  if (typeof value === 'string') {
    return fromString(that, value, encodingOrOffset)
  }

  return fromObject(that, value)
}

/**
 * Functionally equivalent to Buffer(arg, encoding) but throws a TypeError
 * if value is a number.
 * Buffer.from(str[, encoding])
 * Buffer.from(array)
 * Buffer.from(buffer)
 * Buffer.from(arrayBuffer[, byteOffset[, length]])
 **/
Buffer.from = function (value, encodingOrOffset, length) {
  return from(null, value, encodingOrOffset, length)
};

if (Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT) {
  Buffer.prototype.__proto__ = Uint8Array.prototype;
  Buffer.__proto__ = Uint8Array;
  if (typeof Symbol !== 'undefined' && Symbol.species &&
      Buffer[Symbol.species] === Buffer) ;
}

function assertSize (size) {
  if (typeof size !== 'number') {
    throw new TypeError('"size" argument must be a number')
  } else if (size < 0) {
    throw new RangeError('"size" argument must not be negative')
  }
}

function alloc (that, size, fill, encoding) {
  assertSize(size);
  if (size <= 0) {
    return createBuffer(that, size)
  }
  if (fill !== undefined) {
    // Only pay attention to encoding if it's a string. This
    // prevents accidentally sending in a number that would
    // be interpretted as a start offset.
    return typeof encoding === 'string'
      ? createBuffer(that, size).fill(fill, encoding)
      : createBuffer(that, size).fill(fill)
  }
  return createBuffer(that, size)
}

/**
 * Creates a new filled Buffer instance.
 * alloc(size[, fill[, encoding]])
 **/
Buffer.alloc = function (size, fill, encoding) {
  return alloc(null, size, fill, encoding)
};

function allocUnsafe (that, size) {
  assertSize(size);
  that = createBuffer(that, size < 0 ? 0 : checked(size) | 0);
  if (!Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT) {
    for (var i = 0; i < size; ++i) {
      that[i] = 0;
    }
  }
  return that
}

/**
 * Equivalent to Buffer(num), by default creates a non-zero-filled Buffer instance.
 * */
Buffer.allocUnsafe = function (size) {
  return allocUnsafe(null, size)
};
/**
 * Equivalent to SlowBuffer(num), by default creates a non-zero-filled Buffer instance.
 */
Buffer.allocUnsafeSlow = function (size) {
  return allocUnsafe(null, size)
};

function fromString (that, string, encoding) {
  if (typeof encoding !== 'string' || encoding === '') {
    encoding = 'utf8';
  }

  if (!Buffer.isEncoding(encoding)) {
    throw new TypeError('"encoding" must be a valid string encoding')
  }

  var length = byteLength(string, encoding) | 0;
  that = createBuffer(that, length);

  var actual = that.write(string, encoding);

  if (actual !== length) {
    // Writing a hex string, for example, that contains invalid characters will
    // cause everything after the first invalid character to be ignored. (e.g.
    // 'abxxcd' will be treated as 'ab')
    that = that.slice(0, actual);
  }

  return that
}

function fromArrayLike (that, array) {
  var length = array.length < 0 ? 0 : checked(array.length) | 0;
  that = createBuffer(that, length);
  for (var i = 0; i < length; i += 1) {
    that[i] = array[i] & 255;
  }
  return that
}

function fromArrayBuffer (that, array, byteOffset, length) {
  array.byteLength; // this throws if `array` is not a valid ArrayBuffer

  if (byteOffset < 0 || array.byteLength < byteOffset) {
    throw new RangeError('\'offset\' is out of bounds')
  }

  if (array.byteLength < byteOffset + (length || 0)) {
    throw new RangeError('\'length\' is out of bounds')
  }

  if (byteOffset === undefined && length === undefined) {
    array = new Uint8Array(array);
  } else if (length === undefined) {
    array = new Uint8Array(array, byteOffset);
  } else {
    array = new Uint8Array(array, byteOffset, length);
  }

  if (Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT) {
    // Return an augmented `Uint8Array` instance, for best performance
    that = array;
    that.__proto__ = Buffer.prototype;
  } else {
    // Fallback: Return an object instance of the Buffer class
    that = fromArrayLike(that, array);
  }
  return that
}

function fromObject (that, obj) {
  if (internalIsBuffer(obj)) {
    var len = checked(obj.length) | 0;
    that = createBuffer(that, len);

    if (that.length === 0) {
      return that
    }

    obj.copy(that, 0, 0, len);
    return that
  }

  if (obj) {
    if ((typeof ArrayBuffer !== 'undefined' &&
        obj.buffer instanceof ArrayBuffer) || 'length' in obj) {
      if (typeof obj.length !== 'number' || isnan(obj.length)) {
        return createBuffer(that, 0)
      }
      return fromArrayLike(that, obj)
    }

    if (obj.type === 'Buffer' && isArray(obj.data)) {
      return fromArrayLike(that, obj.data)
    }
  }

  throw new TypeError('First argument must be a string, Buffer, ArrayBuffer, Array, or array-like object.')
}

function checked (length) {
  // Note: cannot use `length < kMaxLength()` here because that fails when
  // length is NaN (which is otherwise coerced to zero.)
  if (length >= kMaxLength()) {
    throw new RangeError('Attempt to allocate Buffer larger than maximum ' +
                         'size: 0x' + kMaxLength().toString(16) + ' bytes')
  }
  return length | 0
}
Buffer.isBuffer = isBuffer;
function internalIsBuffer (b) {
  return !!(b != null && b._isBuffer)
}

Buffer.compare = function compare (a, b) {
  if (!internalIsBuffer(a) || !internalIsBuffer(b)) {
    throw new TypeError('Arguments must be Buffers')
  }

  if (a === b) return 0

  var x = a.length;
  var y = b.length;

  for (var i = 0, len = Math.min(x, y); i < len; ++i) {
    if (a[i] !== b[i]) {
      x = a[i];
      y = b[i];
      break
    }
  }

  if (x < y) return -1
  if (y < x) return 1
  return 0
};

Buffer.isEncoding = function isEncoding (encoding) {
  switch (String(encoding).toLowerCase()) {
    case 'hex':
    case 'utf8':
    case 'utf-8':
    case 'ascii':
    case 'latin1':
    case 'binary':
    case 'base64':
    case 'ucs2':
    case 'ucs-2':
    case 'utf16le':
    case 'utf-16le':
      return true
    default:
      return false
  }
};

Buffer.concat = function concat (list, length) {
  if (!isArray(list)) {
    throw new TypeError('"list" argument must be an Array of Buffers')
  }

  if (list.length === 0) {
    return Buffer.alloc(0)
  }

  var i;
  if (length === undefined) {
    length = 0;
    for (i = 0; i < list.length; ++i) {
      length += list[i].length;
    }
  }

  var buffer = Buffer.allocUnsafe(length);
  var pos = 0;
  for (i = 0; i < list.length; ++i) {
    var buf = list[i];
    if (!internalIsBuffer(buf)) {
      throw new TypeError('"list" argument must be an Array of Buffers')
    }
    buf.copy(buffer, pos);
    pos += buf.length;
  }
  return buffer
};

function byteLength (string, encoding) {
  if (internalIsBuffer(string)) {
    return string.length
  }
  if (typeof ArrayBuffer !== 'undefined' && typeof ArrayBuffer.isView === 'function' &&
      (ArrayBuffer.isView(string) || string instanceof ArrayBuffer)) {
    return string.byteLength
  }
  if (typeof string !== 'string') {
    string = '' + string;
  }

  var len = string.length;
  if (len === 0) return 0

  // Use a for loop to avoid recursion
  var loweredCase = false;
  for (;;) {
    switch (encoding) {
      case 'ascii':
      case 'latin1':
      case 'binary':
        return len
      case 'utf8':
      case 'utf-8':
      case undefined:
        return utf8ToBytes(string).length
      case 'ucs2':
      case 'ucs-2':
      case 'utf16le':
      case 'utf-16le':
        return len * 2
      case 'hex':
        return len >>> 1
      case 'base64':
        return base64ToBytes(string).length
      default:
        if (loweredCase) return utf8ToBytes(string).length // assume utf8
        encoding = ('' + encoding).toLowerCase();
        loweredCase = true;
    }
  }
}
Buffer.byteLength = byteLength;

function slowToString (encoding, start, end) {
  var loweredCase = false;

  // No need to verify that "this.length <= MAX_UINT32" since it's a read-only
  // property of a typed array.

  // This behaves neither like String nor Uint8Array in that we set start/end
  // to their upper/lower bounds if the value passed is out of range.
  // undefined is handled specially as per ECMA-262 6th Edition,
  // Section 13.3.3.7 Runtime Semantics: KeyedBindingInitialization.
  if (start === undefined || start < 0) {
    start = 0;
  }
  // Return early if start > this.length. Done here to prevent potential uint32
  // coercion fail below.
  if (start > this.length) {
    return ''
  }

  if (end === undefined || end > this.length) {
    end = this.length;
  }

  if (end <= 0) {
    return ''
  }

  // Force coersion to uint32. This will also coerce falsey/NaN values to 0.
  end >>>= 0;
  start >>>= 0;

  if (end <= start) {
    return ''
  }

  if (!encoding) encoding = 'utf8';

  while (true) {
    switch (encoding) {
      case 'hex':
        return hexSlice(this, start, end)

      case 'utf8':
      case 'utf-8':
        return utf8Slice(this, start, end)

      case 'ascii':
        return asciiSlice(this, start, end)

      case 'latin1':
      case 'binary':
        return latin1Slice(this, start, end)

      case 'base64':
        return base64Slice(this, start, end)

      case 'ucs2':
      case 'ucs-2':
      case 'utf16le':
      case 'utf-16le':
        return utf16leSlice(this, start, end)

      default:
        if (loweredCase) throw new TypeError('Unknown encoding: ' + encoding)
        encoding = (encoding + '').toLowerCase();
        loweredCase = true;
    }
  }
}

// The property is used by `Buffer.isBuffer` and `is-buffer` (in Safari 5-7) to detect
// Buffer instances.
Buffer.prototype._isBuffer = true;

function swap (b, n, m) {
  var i = b[n];
  b[n] = b[m];
  b[m] = i;
}

Buffer.prototype.swap16 = function swap16 () {
  var len = this.length;
  if (len % 2 !== 0) {
    throw new RangeError('Buffer size must be a multiple of 16-bits')
  }
  for (var i = 0; i < len; i += 2) {
    swap(this, i, i + 1);
  }
  return this
};

Buffer.prototype.swap32 = function swap32 () {
  var len = this.length;
  if (len % 4 !== 0) {
    throw new RangeError('Buffer size must be a multiple of 32-bits')
  }
  for (var i = 0; i < len; i += 4) {
    swap(this, i, i + 3);
    swap(this, i + 1, i + 2);
  }
  return this
};

Buffer.prototype.swap64 = function swap64 () {
  var len = this.length;
  if (len % 8 !== 0) {
    throw new RangeError('Buffer size must be a multiple of 64-bits')
  }
  for (var i = 0; i < len; i += 8) {
    swap(this, i, i + 7);
    swap(this, i + 1, i + 6);
    swap(this, i + 2, i + 5);
    swap(this, i + 3, i + 4);
  }
  return this
};

Buffer.prototype.toString = function toString () {
  var length = this.length | 0;
  if (length === 0) return ''
  if (arguments.length === 0) return utf8Slice(this, 0, length)
  return slowToString.apply(this, arguments)
};

Buffer.prototype.equals = function equals (b) {
  if (!internalIsBuffer(b)) throw new TypeError('Argument must be a Buffer')
  if (this === b) return true
  return Buffer.compare(this, b) === 0
};

Buffer.prototype.inspect = function inspect () {
  var str = '';
  var max = INSPECT_MAX_BYTES;
  if (this.length > 0) {
    str = this.toString('hex', 0, max).match(/.{2}/g).join(' ');
    if (this.length > max) str += ' ... ';
  }
  return '<Buffer ' + str + '>'
};

Buffer.prototype.compare = function compare (target, start, end, thisStart, thisEnd) {
  if (!internalIsBuffer(target)) {
    throw new TypeError('Argument must be a Buffer')
  }

  if (start === undefined) {
    start = 0;
  }
  if (end === undefined) {
    end = target ? target.length : 0;
  }
  if (thisStart === undefined) {
    thisStart = 0;
  }
  if (thisEnd === undefined) {
    thisEnd = this.length;
  }

  if (start < 0 || end > target.length || thisStart < 0 || thisEnd > this.length) {
    throw new RangeError('out of range index')
  }

  if (thisStart >= thisEnd && start >= end) {
    return 0
  }
  if (thisStart >= thisEnd) {
    return -1
  }
  if (start >= end) {
    return 1
  }

  start >>>= 0;
  end >>>= 0;
  thisStart >>>= 0;
  thisEnd >>>= 0;

  if (this === target) return 0

  var x = thisEnd - thisStart;
  var y = end - start;
  var len = Math.min(x, y);

  var thisCopy = this.slice(thisStart, thisEnd);
  var targetCopy = target.slice(start, end);

  for (var i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
    if (thisCopy[i] !== targetCopy[i]) {
      x = thisCopy[i];
      y = targetCopy[i];
      break
    }
  }

  if (x < y) return -1
  if (y < x) return 1
  return 0
};

// Finds either the first index of `val` in `buffer` at offset >= `byteOffset`,
// OR the last index of `val` in `buffer` at offset <= `byteOffset`.
//
// Arguments:
// - buffer - a Buffer to search
// - val - a string, Buffer, or number
// - byteOffset - an index into `buffer`; will be clamped to an int32
// - encoding - an optional encoding, relevant is val is a string
// - dir - true for indexOf, false for lastIndexOf
function bidirectionalIndexOf (buffer, val, byteOffset, encoding, dir) {
  // Empty buffer means no match
  if (buffer.length === 0) return -1

  // Normalize byteOffset
  if (typeof byteOffset === 'string') {
    encoding = byteOffset;
    byteOffset = 0;
  } else if (byteOffset > 0x7fffffff) {
    byteOffset = 0x7fffffff;
  } else if (byteOffset < -0x80000000) {
    byteOffset = -0x80000000;
  }
  byteOffset = +byteOffset;  // Coerce to Number.
  if (isNaN(byteOffset)) {
    // byteOffset: it it's undefined, null, NaN, "foo", etc, search whole buffer
    byteOffset = dir ? 0 : (buffer.length - 1);
  }

  // Normalize byteOffset: negative offsets start from the end of the buffer
  if (byteOffset < 0) byteOffset = buffer.length + byteOffset;
  if (byteOffset >= buffer.length) {
    if (dir) return -1
    else byteOffset = buffer.length - 1;
  } else if (byteOffset < 0) {
    if (dir) byteOffset = 0;
    else return -1
  }

  // Normalize val
  if (typeof val === 'string') {
    val = Buffer.from(val, encoding);
  }

  // Finally, search either indexOf (if dir is true) or lastIndexOf
  if (internalIsBuffer(val)) {
    // Special case: looking for empty string/buffer always fails
    if (val.length === 0) {
      return -1
    }
    return arrayIndexOf(buffer, val, byteOffset, encoding, dir)
  } else if (typeof val === 'number') {
    val = val & 0xFF; // Search for a byte value [0-255]
    if (Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT &&
        typeof Uint8Array.prototype.indexOf === 'function') {
      if (dir) {
        return Uint8Array.prototype.indexOf.call(buffer, val, byteOffset)
      } else {
        return Uint8Array.prototype.lastIndexOf.call(buffer, val, byteOffset)
      }
    }
    return arrayIndexOf(buffer, [ val ], byteOffset, encoding, dir)
  }

  throw new TypeError('val must be string, number or Buffer')
}

function arrayIndexOf (arr, val, byteOffset, encoding, dir) {
  var indexSize = 1;
  var arrLength = arr.length;
  var valLength = val.length;

  if (encoding !== undefined) {
    encoding = String(encoding).toLowerCase();
    if (encoding === 'ucs2' || encoding === 'ucs-2' ||
        encoding === 'utf16le' || encoding === 'utf-16le') {
      if (arr.length < 2 || val.length < 2) {
        return -1
      }
      indexSize = 2;
      arrLength /= 2;
      valLength /= 2;
      byteOffset /= 2;
    }
  }

  function read (buf, i) {
    if (indexSize === 1) {
      return buf[i]
    } else {
      return buf.readUInt16BE(i * indexSize)
    }
  }

  var i;
  if (dir) {
    var foundIndex = -1;
    for (i = byteOffset; i < arrLength; i++) {
      if (read(arr, i) === read(val, foundIndex === -1 ? 0 : i - foundIndex)) {
        if (foundIndex === -1) foundIndex = i;
        if (i - foundIndex + 1 === valLength) return foundIndex * indexSize
      } else {
        if (foundIndex !== -1) i -= i - foundIndex;
        foundIndex = -1;
      }
    }
  } else {
    if (byteOffset + valLength > arrLength) byteOffset = arrLength - valLength;
    for (i = byteOffset; i >= 0; i--) {
      var found = true;
      for (var j = 0; j < valLength; j++) {
        if (read(arr, i + j) !== read(val, j)) {
          found = false;
          break
        }
      }
      if (found) return i
    }
  }

  return -1
}

Buffer.prototype.includes = function includes (val, byteOffset, encoding) {
  return this.indexOf(val, byteOffset, encoding) !== -1
};

Buffer.prototype.indexOf = function indexOf (val, byteOffset, encoding) {
  return bidirectionalIndexOf(this, val, byteOffset, encoding, true)
};

Buffer.prototype.lastIndexOf = function lastIndexOf (val, byteOffset, encoding) {
  return bidirectionalIndexOf(this, val, byteOffset, encoding, false)
};

function hexWrite (buf, string, offset, length) {
  offset = Number(offset) || 0;
  var remaining = buf.length - offset;
  if (!length) {
    length = remaining;
  } else {
    length = Number(length);
    if (length > remaining) {
      length = remaining;
    }
  }

  // must be an even number of digits
  var strLen = string.length;
  if (strLen % 2 !== 0) throw new TypeError('Invalid hex string')

  if (length > strLen / 2) {
    length = strLen / 2;
  }
  for (var i = 0; i < length; ++i) {
    var parsed = parseInt(string.substr(i * 2, 2), 16);
    if (isNaN(parsed)) return i
    buf[offset + i] = parsed;
  }
  return i
}

function utf8Write (buf, string, offset, length) {
  return blitBuffer(utf8ToBytes(string, buf.length - offset), buf, offset, length)
}

function asciiWrite (buf, string, offset, length) {
  return blitBuffer(asciiToBytes(string), buf, offset, length)
}

function latin1Write (buf, string, offset, length) {
  return asciiWrite(buf, string, offset, length)
}

function base64Write (buf, string, offset, length) {
  return blitBuffer(base64ToBytes(string), buf, offset, length)
}

function ucs2Write (buf, string, offset, length) {
  return blitBuffer(utf16leToBytes(string, buf.length - offset), buf, offset, length)
}

Buffer.prototype.write = function write (string, offset, length, encoding) {
  // Buffer#write(string)
  if (offset === undefined) {
    encoding = 'utf8';
    length = this.length;
    offset = 0;
  // Buffer#write(string, encoding)
  } else if (length === undefined && typeof offset === 'string') {
    encoding = offset;
    length = this.length;
    offset = 0;
  // Buffer#write(string, offset[, length][, encoding])
  } else if (isFinite(offset)) {
    offset = offset | 0;
    if (isFinite(length)) {
      length = length | 0;
      if (encoding === undefined) encoding = 'utf8';
    } else {
      encoding = length;
      length = undefined;
    }
  // legacy write(string, encoding, offset, length) - remove in v0.13
  } else {
    throw new Error(
      'Buffer.write(string, encoding, offset[, length]) is no longer supported'
    )
  }

  var remaining = this.length - offset;
  if (length === undefined || length > remaining) length = remaining;

  if ((string.length > 0 && (length < 0 || offset < 0)) || offset > this.length) {
    throw new RangeError('Attempt to write outside buffer bounds')
  }

  if (!encoding) encoding = 'utf8';

  var loweredCase = false;
  for (;;) {
    switch (encoding) {
      case 'hex':
        return hexWrite(this, string, offset, length)

      case 'utf8':
      case 'utf-8':
        return utf8Write(this, string, offset, length)

      case 'ascii':
        return asciiWrite(this, string, offset, length)

      case 'latin1':
      case 'binary':
        return latin1Write(this, string, offset, length)

      case 'base64':
        // Warning: maxLength not taken into account in base64Write
        return base64Write(this, string, offset, length)

      case 'ucs2':
      case 'ucs-2':
      case 'utf16le':
      case 'utf-16le':
        return ucs2Write(this, string, offset, length)

      default:
        if (loweredCase) throw new TypeError('Unknown encoding: ' + encoding)
        encoding = ('' + encoding).toLowerCase();
        loweredCase = true;
    }
  }
};

Buffer.prototype.toJSON = function toJSON () {
  return {
    type: 'Buffer',
    data: Array.prototype.slice.call(this._arr || this, 0)
  }
};

function base64Slice (buf, start, end) {
  if (start === 0 && end === buf.length) {
    return fromByteArray(buf)
  } else {
    return fromByteArray(buf.slice(start, end))
  }
}

function utf8Slice (buf, start, end) {
  end = Math.min(buf.length, end);
  var res = [];

  var i = start;
  while (i < end) {
    var firstByte = buf[i];
    var codePoint = null;
    var bytesPerSequence = (firstByte > 0xEF) ? 4
      : (firstByte > 0xDF) ? 3
      : (firstByte > 0xBF) ? 2
      : 1;

    if (i + bytesPerSequence <= end) {
      var secondByte, thirdByte, fourthByte, tempCodePoint;

      switch (bytesPerSequence) {
        case 1:
          if (firstByte < 0x80) {
            codePoint = firstByte;
          }
          break
        case 2:
          secondByte = buf[i + 1];
          if ((secondByte & 0xC0) === 0x80) {
            tempCodePoint = (firstByte & 0x1F) << 0x6 | (secondByte & 0x3F);
            if (tempCodePoint > 0x7F) {
              codePoint = tempCodePoint;
            }
          }
          break
        case 3:
          secondByte = buf[i + 1];
          thirdByte = buf[i + 2];
          if ((secondByte & 0xC0) === 0x80 && (thirdByte & 0xC0) === 0x80) {
            tempCodePoint = (firstByte & 0xF) << 0xC | (secondByte & 0x3F) << 0x6 | (thirdByte & 0x3F);
            if (tempCodePoint > 0x7FF && (tempCodePoint < 0xD800 || tempCodePoint > 0xDFFF)) {
              codePoint = tempCodePoint;
            }
          }
          break
        case 4:
          secondByte = buf[i + 1];
          thirdByte = buf[i + 2];
          fourthByte = buf[i + 3];
          if ((secondByte & 0xC0) === 0x80 && (thirdByte & 0xC0) === 0x80 && (fourthByte & 0xC0) === 0x80) {
            tempCodePoint = (firstByte & 0xF) << 0x12 | (secondByte & 0x3F) << 0xC | (thirdByte & 0x3F) << 0x6 | (fourthByte & 0x3F);
            if (tempCodePoint > 0xFFFF && tempCodePoint < 0x110000) {
              codePoint = tempCodePoint;
            }
          }
      }
    }

    if (codePoint === null) {
      // we did not generate a valid codePoint so insert a
      // replacement char (U+FFFD) and advance only 1 byte
      codePoint = 0xFFFD;
      bytesPerSequence = 1;
    } else if (codePoint > 0xFFFF) {
      // encode to utf16 (surrogate pair dance)
      codePoint -= 0x10000;
      res.push(codePoint >>> 10 & 0x3FF | 0xD800);
      codePoint = 0xDC00 | codePoint & 0x3FF;
    }

    res.push(codePoint);
    i += bytesPerSequence;
  }

  return decodeCodePointsArray(res)
}

// Based on http://stackoverflow.com/a/22747272/680742, the browser with
// the lowest limit is Chrome, with 0x10000 args.
// We go 1 magnitude less, for safety
var MAX_ARGUMENTS_LENGTH = 0x1000;

function decodeCodePointsArray (codePoints) {
  var len = codePoints.length;
  if (len <= MAX_ARGUMENTS_LENGTH) {
    return String.fromCharCode.apply(String, codePoints) // avoid extra slice()
  }

  // Decode in chunks to avoid "call stack size exceeded".
  var res = '';
  var i = 0;
  while (i < len) {
    res += String.fromCharCode.apply(
      String,
      codePoints.slice(i, i += MAX_ARGUMENTS_LENGTH)
    );
  }
  return res
}

function asciiSlice (buf, start, end) {
  var ret = '';
  end = Math.min(buf.length, end);

  for (var i = start; i < end; ++i) {
    ret += String.fromCharCode(buf[i] & 0x7F);
  }
  return ret
}

function latin1Slice (buf, start, end) {
  var ret = '';
  end = Math.min(buf.length, end);

  for (var i = start; i < end; ++i) {
    ret += String.fromCharCode(buf[i]);
  }
  return ret
}

function hexSlice (buf, start, end) {
  var len = buf.length;

  if (!start || start < 0) start = 0;
  if (!end || end < 0 || end > len) end = len;

  var out = '';
  for (var i = start; i < end; ++i) {
    out += toHex(buf[i]);
  }
  return out
}

function utf16leSlice (buf, start, end) {
  var bytes = buf.slice(start, end);
  var res = '';
  for (var i = 0; i < bytes.length; i += 2) {
    res += String.fromCharCode(bytes[i] + bytes[i + 1] * 256);
  }
  return res
}

Buffer.prototype.slice = function slice (start, end) {
  var len = this.length;
  start = ~~start;
  end = end === undefined ? len : ~~end;

  if (start < 0) {
    start += len;
    if (start < 0) start = 0;
  } else if (start > len) {
    start = len;
  }

  if (end < 0) {
    end += len;
    if (end < 0) end = 0;
  } else if (end > len) {
    end = len;
  }

  if (end < start) end = start;

  var newBuf;
  if (Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT) {
    newBuf = this.subarray(start, end);
    newBuf.__proto__ = Buffer.prototype;
  } else {
    var sliceLen = end - start;
    newBuf = new Buffer(sliceLen, undefined);
    for (var i = 0; i < sliceLen; ++i) {
      newBuf[i] = this[i + start];
    }
  }

  return newBuf
};

/*
 * Need to make sure that buffer isn't trying to write out of bounds.
 */
function checkOffset (offset, ext, length) {
  if ((offset % 1) !== 0 || offset < 0) throw new RangeError('offset is not uint')
  if (offset + ext > length) throw new RangeError('Trying to access beyond buffer length')
}

Buffer.prototype.readUIntLE = function readUIntLE (offset, byteLength, noAssert) {
  offset = offset | 0;
  byteLength = byteLength | 0;
  if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, byteLength, this.length);

  var val = this[offset];
  var mul = 1;
  var i = 0;
  while (++i < byteLength && (mul *= 0x100)) {
    val += this[offset + i] * mul;
  }

  return val
};

Buffer.prototype.readUIntBE = function readUIntBE (offset, byteLength, noAssert) {
  offset = offset | 0;
  byteLength = byteLength | 0;
  if (!noAssert) {
    checkOffset(offset, byteLength, this.length);
  }

  var val = this[offset + --byteLength];
  var mul = 1;
  while (byteLength > 0 && (mul *= 0x100)) {
    val += this[offset + --byteLength] * mul;
  }

  return val
};

Buffer.prototype.readUInt8 = function readUInt8 (offset, noAssert) {
  if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, 1, this.length);
  return this[offset]
};

Buffer.prototype.readUInt16LE = function readUInt16LE (offset, noAssert) {
  if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, 2, this.length);
  return this[offset] | (this[offset + 1] << 8)
};

Buffer.prototype.readUInt16BE = function readUInt16BE (offset, noAssert) {
  if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, 2, this.length);
  return (this[offset] << 8) | this[offset + 1]
};

Buffer.prototype.readUInt32LE = function readUInt32LE (offset, noAssert) {
  if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, 4, this.length);

  return ((this[offset]) |
      (this[offset + 1] << 8) |
      (this[offset + 2] << 16)) +
      (this[offset + 3] * 0x1000000)
};

Buffer.prototype.readUInt32BE = function readUInt32BE (offset, noAssert) {
  if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, 4, this.length);

  return (this[offset] * 0x1000000) +
    ((this[offset + 1] << 16) |
    (this[offset + 2] << 8) |
    this[offset + 3])
};

Buffer.prototype.readIntLE = function readIntLE (offset, byteLength, noAssert) {
  offset = offset | 0;
  byteLength = byteLength | 0;
  if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, byteLength, this.length);

  var val = this[offset];
  var mul = 1;
  var i = 0;
  while (++i < byteLength && (mul *= 0x100)) {
    val += this[offset + i] * mul;
  }
  mul *= 0x80;

  if (val >= mul) val -= Math.pow(2, 8 * byteLength);

  return val
};

Buffer.prototype.readIntBE = function readIntBE (offset, byteLength, noAssert) {
  offset = offset | 0;
  byteLength = byteLength | 0;
  if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, byteLength, this.length);

  var i = byteLength;
  var mul = 1;
  var val = this[offset + --i];
  while (i > 0 && (mul *= 0x100)) {
    val += this[offset + --i] * mul;
  }
  mul *= 0x80;

  if (val >= mul) val -= Math.pow(2, 8 * byteLength);

  return val
};

Buffer.prototype.readInt8 = function readInt8 (offset, noAssert) {
  if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, 1, this.length);
  if (!(this[offset] & 0x80)) return (this[offset])
  return ((0xff - this[offset] + 1) * -1)
};

Buffer.prototype.readInt16LE = function readInt16LE (offset, noAssert) {
  if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, 2, this.length);
  var val = this[offset] | (this[offset + 1] << 8);
  return (val & 0x8000) ? val | 0xFFFF0000 : val
};

Buffer.prototype.readInt16BE = function readInt16BE (offset, noAssert) {
  if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, 2, this.length);
  var val = this[offset + 1] | (this[offset] << 8);
  return (val & 0x8000) ? val | 0xFFFF0000 : val
};

Buffer.prototype.readInt32LE = function readInt32LE (offset, noAssert) {
  if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, 4, this.length);

  return (this[offset]) |
    (this[offset + 1] << 8) |
    (this[offset + 2] << 16) |
    (this[offset + 3] << 24)
};

Buffer.prototype.readInt32BE = function readInt32BE (offset, noAssert) {
  if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, 4, this.length);

  return (this[offset] << 24) |
    (this[offset + 1] << 16) |
    (this[offset + 2] << 8) |
    (this[offset + 3])
};

Buffer.prototype.readFloatLE = function readFloatLE (offset, noAssert) {
  if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, 4, this.length);
  return read(this, offset, true, 23, 4)
};

Buffer.prototype.readFloatBE = function readFloatBE (offset, noAssert) {
  if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, 4, this.length);
  return read(this, offset, false, 23, 4)
};

Buffer.prototype.readDoubleLE = function readDoubleLE (offset, noAssert) {
  if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, 8, this.length);
  return read(this, offset, true, 52, 8)
};

Buffer.prototype.readDoubleBE = function readDoubleBE (offset, noAssert) {
  if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, 8, this.length);
  return read(this, offset, false, 52, 8)
};

function checkInt (buf, value, offset, ext, max, min) {
  if (!internalIsBuffer(buf)) throw new TypeError('"buffer" argument must be a Buffer instance')
  if (value > max || value < min) throw new RangeError('"value" argument is out of bounds')
  if (offset + ext > buf.length) throw new RangeError('Index out of range')
}

Buffer.prototype.writeUIntLE = function writeUIntLE (value, offset, byteLength, noAssert) {
  value = +value;
  offset = offset | 0;
  byteLength = byteLength | 0;
  if (!noAssert) {
    var maxBytes = Math.pow(2, 8 * byteLength) - 1;
    checkInt(this, value, offset, byteLength, maxBytes, 0);
  }

  var mul = 1;
  var i = 0;
  this[offset] = value & 0xFF;
  while (++i < byteLength && (mul *= 0x100)) {
    this[offset + i] = (value / mul) & 0xFF;
  }

  return offset + byteLength
};

Buffer.prototype.writeUIntBE = function writeUIntBE (value, offset, byteLength, noAssert) {
  value = +value;
  offset = offset | 0;
  byteLength = byteLength | 0;
  if (!noAssert) {
    var maxBytes = Math.pow(2, 8 * byteLength) - 1;
    checkInt(this, value, offset, byteLength, maxBytes, 0);
  }

  var i = byteLength - 1;
  var mul = 1;
  this[offset + i] = value & 0xFF;
  while (--i >= 0 && (mul *= 0x100)) {
    this[offset + i] = (value / mul) & 0xFF;
  }

  return offset + byteLength
};

Buffer.prototype.writeUInt8 = function writeUInt8 (value, offset, noAssert) {
  value = +value;
  offset = offset | 0;
  if (!noAssert) checkInt(this, value, offset, 1, 0xff, 0);
  if (!Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT) value = Math.floor(value);
  this[offset] = (value & 0xff);
  return offset + 1
};

function objectWriteUInt16 (buf, value, offset, littleEndian) {
  if (value < 0) value = 0xffff + value + 1;
  for (var i = 0, j = Math.min(buf.length - offset, 2); i < j; ++i) {
    buf[offset + i] = (value & (0xff << (8 * (littleEndian ? i : 1 - i)))) >>>
      (littleEndian ? i : 1 - i) * 8;
  }
}

Buffer.prototype.writeUInt16LE = function writeUInt16LE (value, offset, noAssert) {
  value = +value;
  offset = offset | 0;
  if (!noAssert) checkInt(this, value, offset, 2, 0xffff, 0);
  if (Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT) {
    this[offset] = (value & 0xff);
    this[offset + 1] = (value >>> 8);
  } else {
    objectWriteUInt16(this, value, offset, true);
  }
  return offset + 2
};

Buffer.prototype.writeUInt16BE = function writeUInt16BE (value, offset, noAssert) {
  value = +value;
  offset = offset | 0;
  if (!noAssert) checkInt(this, value, offset, 2, 0xffff, 0);
  if (Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT) {
    this[offset] = (value >>> 8);
    this[offset + 1] = (value & 0xff);
  } else {
    objectWriteUInt16(this, value, offset, false);
  }
  return offset + 2
};

function objectWriteUInt32 (buf, value, offset, littleEndian) {
  if (value < 0) value = 0xffffffff + value + 1;
  for (var i = 0, j = Math.min(buf.length - offset, 4); i < j; ++i) {
    buf[offset + i] = (value >>> (littleEndian ? i : 3 - i) * 8) & 0xff;
  }
}

Buffer.prototype.writeUInt32LE = function writeUInt32LE (value, offset, noAssert) {
  value = +value;
  offset = offset | 0;
  if (!noAssert) checkInt(this, value, offset, 4, 0xffffffff, 0);
  if (Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT) {
    this[offset + 3] = (value >>> 24);
    this[offset + 2] = (value >>> 16);
    this[offset + 1] = (value >>> 8);
    this[offset] = (value & 0xff);
  } else {
    objectWriteUInt32(this, value, offset, true);
  }
  return offset + 4
};

Buffer.prototype.writeUInt32BE = function writeUInt32BE (value, offset, noAssert) {
  value = +value;
  offset = offset | 0;
  if (!noAssert) checkInt(this, value, offset, 4, 0xffffffff, 0);
  if (Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT) {
    this[offset] = (value >>> 24);
    this[offset + 1] = (value >>> 16);
    this[offset + 2] = (value >>> 8);
    this[offset + 3] = (value & 0xff);
  } else {
    objectWriteUInt32(this, value, offset, false);
  }
  return offset + 4
};

Buffer.prototype.writeIntLE = function writeIntLE (value, offset, byteLength, noAssert) {
  value = +value;
  offset = offset | 0;
  if (!noAssert) {
    var limit = Math.pow(2, 8 * byteLength - 1);

    checkInt(this, value, offset, byteLength, limit - 1, -limit);
  }

  var i = 0;
  var mul = 1;
  var sub = 0;
  this[offset] = value & 0xFF;
  while (++i < byteLength && (mul *= 0x100)) {
    if (value < 0 && sub === 0 && this[offset + i - 1] !== 0) {
      sub = 1;
    }
    this[offset + i] = ((value / mul) >> 0) - sub & 0xFF;
  }

  return offset + byteLength
};

Buffer.prototype.writeIntBE = function writeIntBE (value, offset, byteLength, noAssert) {
  value = +value;
  offset = offset | 0;
  if (!noAssert) {
    var limit = Math.pow(2, 8 * byteLength - 1);

    checkInt(this, value, offset, byteLength, limit - 1, -limit);
  }

  var i = byteLength - 1;
  var mul = 1;
  var sub = 0;
  this[offset + i] = value & 0xFF;
  while (--i >= 0 && (mul *= 0x100)) {
    if (value < 0 && sub === 0 && this[offset + i + 1] !== 0) {
      sub = 1;
    }
    this[offset + i] = ((value / mul) >> 0) - sub & 0xFF;
  }

  return offset + byteLength
};

Buffer.prototype.writeInt8 = function writeInt8 (value, offset, noAssert) {
  value = +value;
  offset = offset | 0;
  if (!noAssert) checkInt(this, value, offset, 1, 0x7f, -0x80);
  if (!Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT) value = Math.floor(value);
  if (value < 0) value = 0xff + value + 1;
  this[offset] = (value & 0xff);
  return offset + 1
};

Buffer.prototype.writeInt16LE = function writeInt16LE (value, offset, noAssert) {
  value = +value;
  offset = offset | 0;
  if (!noAssert) checkInt(this, value, offset, 2, 0x7fff, -0x8000);
  if (Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT) {
    this[offset] = (value & 0xff);
    this[offset + 1] = (value >>> 8);
  } else {
    objectWriteUInt16(this, value, offset, true);
  }
  return offset + 2
};

Buffer.prototype.writeInt16BE = function writeInt16BE (value, offset, noAssert) {
  value = +value;
  offset = offset | 0;
  if (!noAssert) checkInt(this, value, offset, 2, 0x7fff, -0x8000);
  if (Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT) {
    this[offset] = (value >>> 8);
    this[offset + 1] = (value & 0xff);
  } else {
    objectWriteUInt16(this, value, offset, false);
  }
  return offset + 2
};

Buffer.prototype.writeInt32LE = function writeInt32LE (value, offset, noAssert) {
  value = +value;
  offset = offset | 0;
  if (!noAssert) checkInt(this, value, offset, 4, 0x7fffffff, -0x80000000);
  if (Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT) {
    this[offset] = (value & 0xff);
    this[offset + 1] = (value >>> 8);
    this[offset + 2] = (value >>> 16);
    this[offset + 3] = (value >>> 24);
  } else {
    objectWriteUInt32(this, value, offset, true);
  }
  return offset + 4
};

Buffer.prototype.writeInt32BE = function writeInt32BE (value, offset, noAssert) {
  value = +value;
  offset = offset | 0;
  if (!noAssert) checkInt(this, value, offset, 4, 0x7fffffff, -0x80000000);
  if (value < 0) value = 0xffffffff + value + 1;
  if (Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT) {
    this[offset] = (value >>> 24);
    this[offset + 1] = (value >>> 16);
    this[offset + 2] = (value >>> 8);
    this[offset + 3] = (value & 0xff);
  } else {
    objectWriteUInt32(this, value, offset, false);
  }
  return offset + 4
};

function checkIEEE754 (buf, value, offset, ext, max, min) {
  if (offset + ext > buf.length) throw new RangeError('Index out of range')
  if (offset < 0) throw new RangeError('Index out of range')
}

function writeFloat (buf, value, offset, littleEndian, noAssert) {
  if (!noAssert) {
    checkIEEE754(buf, value, offset, 4);
  }
  write(buf, value, offset, littleEndian, 23, 4);
  return offset + 4
}

Buffer.prototype.writeFloatLE = function writeFloatLE (value, offset, noAssert) {
  return writeFloat(this, value, offset, true, noAssert)
};

Buffer.prototype.writeFloatBE = function writeFloatBE (value, offset, noAssert) {
  return writeFloat(this, value, offset, false, noAssert)
};

function writeDouble (buf, value, offset, littleEndian, noAssert) {
  if (!noAssert) {
    checkIEEE754(buf, value, offset, 8);
  }
  write(buf, value, offset, littleEndian, 52, 8);
  return offset + 8
}

Buffer.prototype.writeDoubleLE = function writeDoubleLE (value, offset, noAssert) {
  return writeDouble(this, value, offset, true, noAssert)
};

Buffer.prototype.writeDoubleBE = function writeDoubleBE (value, offset, noAssert) {
  return writeDouble(this, value, offset, false, noAssert)
};

// copy(targetBuffer, targetStart=0, sourceStart=0, sourceEnd=buffer.length)
Buffer.prototype.copy = function copy (target, targetStart, start, end) {
  if (!start) start = 0;
  if (!end && end !== 0) end = this.length;
  if (targetStart >= target.length) targetStart = target.length;
  if (!targetStart) targetStart = 0;
  if (end > 0 && end < start) end = start;

  // Copy 0 bytes; we're done
  if (end === start) return 0
  if (target.length === 0 || this.length === 0) return 0

  // Fatal error conditions
  if (targetStart < 0) {
    throw new RangeError('targetStart out of bounds')
  }
  if (start < 0 || start >= this.length) throw new RangeError('sourceStart out of bounds')
  if (end < 0) throw new RangeError('sourceEnd out of bounds')

  // Are we oob?
  if (end > this.length) end = this.length;
  if (target.length - targetStart < end - start) {
    end = target.length - targetStart + start;
  }

  var len = end - start;
  var i;

  if (this === target && start < targetStart && targetStart < end) {
    // descending copy from end
    for (i = len - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
      target[i + targetStart] = this[i + start];
    }
  } else if (len < 1000 || !Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT) {
    // ascending copy from start
    for (i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
      target[i + targetStart] = this[i + start];
    }
  } else {
    Uint8Array.prototype.set.call(
      target,
      this.subarray(start, start + len),
      targetStart
    );
  }

  return len
};

// Usage:
//    buffer.fill(number[, offset[, end]])
//    buffer.fill(buffer[, offset[, end]])
//    buffer.fill(string[, offset[, end]][, encoding])
Buffer.prototype.fill = function fill (val, start, end, encoding) {
  // Handle string cases:
  if (typeof val === 'string') {
    if (typeof start === 'string') {
      encoding = start;
      start = 0;
      end = this.length;
    } else if (typeof end === 'string') {
      encoding = end;
      end = this.length;
    }
    if (val.length === 1) {
      var code = val.charCodeAt(0);
      if (code < 256) {
        val = code;
      }
    }
    if (encoding !== undefined && typeof encoding !== 'string') {
      throw new TypeError('encoding must be a string')
    }
    if (typeof encoding === 'string' && !Buffer.isEncoding(encoding)) {
      throw new TypeError('Unknown encoding: ' + encoding)
    }
  } else if (typeof val === 'number') {
    val = val & 255;
  }

  // Invalid ranges are not set to a default, so can range check early.
  if (start < 0 || this.length < start || this.length < end) {
    throw new RangeError('Out of range index')
  }

  if (end <= start) {
    return this
  }

  start = start >>> 0;
  end = end === undefined ? this.length : end >>> 0;

  if (!val) val = 0;

  var i;
  if (typeof val === 'number') {
    for (i = start; i < end; ++i) {
      this[i] = val;
    }
  } else {
    var bytes = internalIsBuffer(val)
      ? val
      : utf8ToBytes(new Buffer(val, encoding).toString());
    var len = bytes.length;
    for (i = 0; i < end - start; ++i) {
      this[i + start] = bytes[i % len];
    }
  }

  return this
};

// HELPER FUNCTIONS
// ================

var INVALID_BASE64_RE = /[^+\/0-9A-Za-z-_]/g;

function base64clean (str) {
  // Node strips out invalid characters like \n and \t from the string, base64-js does not
  str = stringtrim(str).replace(INVALID_BASE64_RE, '');
  // Node converts strings with length < 2 to ''
  if (str.length < 2) return ''
  // Node allows for non-padded base64 strings (missing trailing ===), base64-js does not
  while (str.length % 4 !== 0) {
    str = str + '=';
  }
  return str
}

function stringtrim (str) {
  if (str.trim) return str.trim()
  return str.replace(/^\s+|\s+$/g, '')
}

function toHex (n) {
  if (n < 16) return '0' + n.toString(16)
  return n.toString(16)
}

function utf8ToBytes (string, units) {
  units = units || Infinity;
  var codePoint;
  var length = string.length;
  var leadSurrogate = null;
  var bytes = [];

  for (var i = 0; i < length; ++i) {
    codePoint = string.charCodeAt(i);

    // is surrogate component
    if (codePoint > 0xD7FF && codePoint < 0xE000) {
      // last char was a lead
      if (!leadSurrogate) {
        // no lead yet
        if (codePoint > 0xDBFF) {
          // unexpected trail
          if ((units -= 3) > -1) bytes.push(0xEF, 0xBF, 0xBD);
          continue
        } else if (i + 1 === length) {
          // unpaired lead
          if ((units -= 3) > -1) bytes.push(0xEF, 0xBF, 0xBD);
          continue
        }

        // valid lead
        leadSurrogate = codePoint;

        continue
      }

      // 2 leads in a row
      if (codePoint < 0xDC00) {
        if ((units -= 3) > -1) bytes.push(0xEF, 0xBF, 0xBD);
        leadSurrogate = codePoint;
        continue
      }

      // valid surrogate pair
      codePoint = (leadSurrogate - 0xD800 << 10 | codePoint - 0xDC00) + 0x10000;
    } else if (leadSurrogate) {
      // valid bmp char, but last char was a lead
      if ((units -= 3) > -1) bytes.push(0xEF, 0xBF, 0xBD);
    }

    leadSurrogate = null;

    // encode utf8
    if (codePoint < 0x80) {
      if ((units -= 1) < 0) break
      bytes.push(codePoint);
    } else if (codePoint < 0x800) {
      if ((units -= 2) < 0) break
      bytes.push(
        codePoint >> 0x6 | 0xC0,
        codePoint & 0x3F | 0x80
      );
    } else if (codePoint < 0x10000) {
      if ((units -= 3) < 0) break
      bytes.push(
        codePoint >> 0xC | 0xE0,
        codePoint >> 0x6 & 0x3F | 0x80,
        codePoint & 0x3F | 0x80
      );
    } else if (codePoint < 0x110000) {
      if ((units -= 4) < 0) break
      bytes.push(
        codePoint >> 0x12 | 0xF0,
        codePoint >> 0xC & 0x3F | 0x80,
        codePoint >> 0x6 & 0x3F | 0x80,
        codePoint & 0x3F | 0x80
      );
    } else {
      throw new Error('Invalid code point')
    }
  }

  return bytes
}

function asciiToBytes (str) {
  var byteArray = [];
  for (var i = 0; i < str.length; ++i) {
    // Node's code seems to be doing this and not & 0x7F..
    byteArray.push(str.charCodeAt(i) & 0xFF);
  }
  return byteArray
}

function utf16leToBytes (str, units) {
  var c, hi, lo;
  var byteArray = [];
  for (var i = 0; i < str.length; ++i) {
    if ((units -= 2) < 0) break

    c = str.charCodeAt(i);
    hi = c >> 8;
    lo = c % 256;
    byteArray.push(lo);
    byteArray.push(hi);
  }

  return byteArray
}


function base64ToBytes (str) {
  return toByteArray(base64clean(str))
}

function blitBuffer (src, dst, offset, length) {
  for (var i = 0; i < length; ++i) {
    if ((i + offset >= dst.length) || (i >= src.length)) break
    dst[i + offset] = src[i];
  }
  return i
}

function isnan (val) {
  return val !== val // eslint-disable-line no-self-compare
}


// the following is from is-buffer, also by Feross Aboukhadijeh and with same lisence
// The _isBuffer check is for Safari 5-7 support, because it's missing
// Object.prototype.constructor. Remove this eventually
function isBuffer(obj) {
  return obj != null && (!!obj._isBuffer || isFastBuffer(obj) || isSlowBuffer(obj))
}

function isFastBuffer (obj) {
  return !!obj.constructor && typeof obj.constructor.isBuffer === 'function' && obj.constructor.isBuffer(obj)
}

// For Node v0.10 support. Remove this eventually.
function isSlowBuffer (obj) {
  return typeof obj.readFloatLE === 'function' && typeof obj.slice === 'function' && isFastBuffer(obj.slice(0, 0))
}

class CsvError extends Error {
  constructor(code, message, options, ...contexts) {
    if(Array.isArray(message)) message = message.join(' ').trim();
    super(message);
    if(Error.captureStackTrace !== undefined){
      Error.captureStackTrace(this, CsvError);
    }
    this.code = code;
    for(const context of contexts){
      for(const key in context){
        const value = context[key];
        this[key] = isBuffer(value) ? value.toString(options.encoding) : value == null ? value : JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(value));
      }
    }
  }
}

const is_object = function(obj){
  return (typeof obj === 'object' && obj !== null && !Array.isArray(obj));
};

const normalize_columns_array = function(columns){
  const normalizedColumns = [];
  for(let i = 0, l = columns.length; i < l; i++){
    const column = columns[i];
    if(column === undefined || column === null || column === false){
      normalizedColumns[i] = { disabled: true };
    }else if(typeof column === 'string'){
      normalizedColumns[i] = { name: column };
    }else if(is_object(column)){
      if(typeof column.name !== 'string'){
        throw new CsvError('CSV_OPTION_COLUMNS_MISSING_NAME', [
          'Option columns missing name:',
          `property "name" is required at position ${i}`,
          'when column is an object literal'
        ]);
      }
      normalizedColumns[i] = column;
    }else {
      throw new CsvError('CSV_INVALID_COLUMN_DEFINITION', [
        'Invalid column definition:',
        'expect a string or a literal object,',
        `got ${JSON.stringify(column)} at position ${i}`
      ]);
    }
  }
  return normalizedColumns;
};

class ResizeableBuffer{
  constructor(size=100){
    this.size = size;
    this.length = 0;
    this.buf = Buffer.allocUnsafe(size);
  }
  prepend(val){
    if(isBuffer(val)){
      const length = this.length + val.length;
      if(length >= this.size){
        this.resize();
        if(length >= this.size){
          throw Error('INVALID_BUFFER_STATE');
        }
      }
      const buf = this.buf;
      this.buf = Buffer.allocUnsafe(this.size);
      val.copy(this.buf, 0);
      buf.copy(this.buf, val.length);
      this.length += val.length;
    }else {
      const length = this.length++;
      if(length === this.size){
        this.resize();
      }
      const buf = this.clone();
      this.buf[0] = val;
      buf.copy(this.buf,1, 0, length);
    }
  }
  append(val){
    const length = this.length++;
    if(length === this.size){
      this.resize();
    }
    this.buf[length] = val;
  }
  clone(){
    return Buffer.from(this.buf.slice(0, this.length));
  }
  resize(){
    const length = this.length;
    this.size = this.size * 2;
    const buf = Buffer.allocUnsafe(this.size);
    this.buf.copy(buf,0, 0, length);
    this.buf = buf;
  }
  toString(encoding){
    if(encoding){
      return this.buf.slice(0, this.length).toString(encoding);
    }else {
      return Uint8Array.prototype.slice.call(this.buf.slice(0, this.length));
    }
  }
  toJSON(){
    return this.toString('utf8');
  }
  reset(){
    this.length = 0;
  }
}

// white space characters
// https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whitespace_character
// https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Regular_Expressions/Character_Classes#Types
// \f\n\r\t\v\u00a0\u1680\u2000-\u200a\u2028\u2029\u202f\u205f\u3000\ufeff
const np = 12;
const cr$1 = 13; // `\r`, carriage return, 0x0D in hexadécimal, 13 in decimal
const nl$1 = 10; // `\n`, newline, 0x0A in hexadecimal, 10 in decimal
const space = 32;
const tab = 9;

const init_state = function(options){
  return {
    bomSkipped: false,
    bufBytesStart: 0,
    castField: options.cast_function,
    commenting: false,
    // Current error encountered by a record
    error: undefined,
    enabled: options.from_line === 1,
    escaping: false,
    escapeIsQuote: isBuffer(options.escape) && isBuffer(options.quote) && Buffer.compare(options.escape, options.quote) === 0,
    // columns can be `false`, `true`, `Array`
    expectedRecordLength: Array.isArray(options.columns) ? options.columns.length : undefined,
    field: new ResizeableBuffer(20),
    firstLineToHeaders: options.cast_first_line_to_header,
    needMoreDataSize: Math.max(
      // Skip if the remaining buffer smaller than comment
      options.comment !== null ? options.comment.length : 0,
      // Skip if the remaining buffer can be delimiter
      ...options.delimiter.map((delimiter) => delimiter.length),
      // Skip if the remaining buffer can be escape sequence
      options.quote !== null ? options.quote.length : 0,
    ),
    previousBuf: undefined,
    quoting: false,
    stop: false,
    rawBuffer: new ResizeableBuffer(100),
    record: [],
    recordHasError: false,
    record_length: 0,
    recordDelimiterMaxLength: options.record_delimiter.length === 0 ? 0 : Math.max(...options.record_delimiter.map((v) => v.length)),
    trimChars: [Buffer.from(' ', options.encoding)[0], Buffer.from('\t', options.encoding)[0]],
    wasQuoting: false,
    wasRowDelimiter: false,
    timchars: [
      Buffer.from(Buffer.from([cr$1], 'utf8').toString(), options.encoding),
      Buffer.from(Buffer.from([nl$1], 'utf8').toString(), options.encoding),
      Buffer.from(Buffer.from([np], 'utf8').toString(), options.encoding),
      Buffer.from(Buffer.from([space], 'utf8').toString(), options.encoding),
      Buffer.from(Buffer.from([tab], 'utf8').toString(), options.encoding),
    ]
  };
};

const underscore = function(str){
  return str.replace(/([A-Z])/g, function(_, match){
    return '_' + match.toLowerCase();
  });
};

const normalize_options = function(opts){
  const options = {};
  // Merge with user options
  for(const opt in opts){
    options[underscore(opt)] = opts[opt];
  }
  // Normalize option `encoding`
  // Note: defined first because other options depends on it
  // to convert chars/strings into buffers.
  if(options.encoding === undefined || options.encoding === true){
    options.encoding = 'utf8';
  }else if(options.encoding === null || options.encoding === false){
    options.encoding = null;
  }else if(typeof options.encoding !== 'string' && options.encoding !== null){
    throw new CsvError('CSV_INVALID_OPTION_ENCODING', [
      'Invalid option encoding:',
      'encoding must be a string or null to return a buffer,',
      `got ${JSON.stringify(options.encoding)}`
    ], options);
  }
  // Normalize option `bom`
  if(options.bom === undefined || options.bom === null || options.bom === false){
    options.bom = false;
  }else if(options.bom !== true){
    throw new CsvError('CSV_INVALID_OPTION_BOM', [
      'Invalid option bom:', 'bom must be true,',
      `got ${JSON.stringify(options.bom)}`
    ], options);
  }
  // Normalize option `cast`
  options.cast_function = null;
  if(options.cast === undefined || options.cast === null || options.cast === false || options.cast === ''){
    options.cast = undefined;
  }else if(typeof options.cast === 'function'){
    options.cast_function = options.cast;
    options.cast = true;
  }else if(options.cast !== true){
    throw new CsvError('CSV_INVALID_OPTION_CAST', [
      'Invalid option cast:', 'cast must be true or a function,',
      `got ${JSON.stringify(options.cast)}`
    ], options);
  }
  // Normalize option `cast_date`
  if(options.cast_date === undefined || options.cast_date === null || options.cast_date === false || options.cast_date === ''){
    options.cast_date = false;
  }else if(options.cast_date === true){
    options.cast_date = function(value){
      const date = Date.parse(value);
      return !isNaN(date) ? new Date(date) : value;
    };
  }else if (typeof options.cast_date !== 'function'){
    throw new CsvError('CSV_INVALID_OPTION_CAST_DATE', [
      'Invalid option cast_date:', 'cast_date must be true or a function,',
      `got ${JSON.stringify(options.cast_date)}`
    ], options);
  }
  // Normalize option `columns`
  options.cast_first_line_to_header = null;
  if(options.columns === true){
    // Fields in the first line are converted as-is to columns
    options.cast_first_line_to_header = undefined;
  }else if(typeof options.columns === 'function'){
    options.cast_first_line_to_header = options.columns;
    options.columns = true;
  }else if(Array.isArray(options.columns)){
    options.columns = normalize_columns_array(options.columns);
  }else if(options.columns === undefined || options.columns === null || options.columns === false){
    options.columns = false;
  }else {
    throw new CsvError('CSV_INVALID_OPTION_COLUMNS', [
      'Invalid option columns:',
      'expect an array, a function or true,',
      `got ${JSON.stringify(options.columns)}`
    ], options);
  }
  // Normalize option `group_columns_by_name`
  if(options.group_columns_by_name === undefined || options.group_columns_by_name === null || options.group_columns_by_name === false){
    options.group_columns_by_name = false;
  }else if(options.group_columns_by_name !== true){
    throw new CsvError('CSV_INVALID_OPTION_GROUP_COLUMNS_BY_NAME', [
      'Invalid option group_columns_by_name:',
      'expect an boolean,',
      `got ${JSON.stringify(options.group_columns_by_name)}`
    ], options);
  }else if(options.columns === false){
    throw new CsvError('CSV_INVALID_OPTION_GROUP_COLUMNS_BY_NAME', [
      'Invalid option group_columns_by_name:',
      'the `columns` mode must be activated.'
    ], options);
  }
  // Normalize option `comment`
  if(options.comment === undefined || options.comment === null || options.comment === false || options.comment === ''){
    options.comment = null;
  }else {
    if(typeof options.comment === 'string'){
      options.comment = Buffer.from(options.comment, options.encoding);
    }
    if(!isBuffer(options.comment)){
      throw new CsvError('CSV_INVALID_OPTION_COMMENT', [
        'Invalid option comment:',
        'comment must be a buffer or a string,',
        `got ${JSON.stringify(options.comment)}`
      ], options);
    }
  }
  // Normalize option `comment_no_infix`
  if(options.comment_no_infix === undefined || options.comment_no_infix === null || options.comment_no_infix === false){
    options.comment_no_infix = false;
  }else if(options.comment_no_infix !== true){
    throw new CsvError('CSV_INVALID_OPTION_COMMENT', [
      'Invalid option comment_no_infix:',
      'value must be a boolean,',
      `got ${JSON.stringify(options.comment_no_infix)}`
    ], options);
  }
  // Normalize option `delimiter`
  const delimiter_json = JSON.stringify(options.delimiter);
  if(!Array.isArray(options.delimiter)) options.delimiter = [options.delimiter];
  if(options.delimiter.length === 0){
    throw new CsvError('CSV_INVALID_OPTION_DELIMITER', [
      'Invalid option delimiter:',
      'delimiter must be a non empty string or buffer or array of string|buffer,',
      `got ${delimiter_json}`
    ], options);
  }
  options.delimiter = options.delimiter.map(function(delimiter){
    if(delimiter === undefined || delimiter === null || delimiter === false){
      return Buffer.from(',', options.encoding);
    }
    if(typeof delimiter === 'string'){
      delimiter = Buffer.from(delimiter, options.encoding);
    }
    if(!isBuffer(delimiter) || delimiter.length === 0){
      throw new CsvError('CSV_INVALID_OPTION_DELIMITER', [
        'Invalid option delimiter:',
        'delimiter must be a non empty string or buffer or array of string|buffer,',
        `got ${delimiter_json}`
      ], options);
    }
    return delimiter;
  });
  // Normalize option `escape`
  if(options.escape === undefined || options.escape === true){
    options.escape = Buffer.from('"', options.encoding);
  }else if(typeof options.escape === 'string'){
    options.escape = Buffer.from(options.escape, options.encoding);
  }else if (options.escape === null || options.escape === false){
    options.escape = null;
  }
  if(options.escape !== null){
    if(!isBuffer(options.escape)){
      throw new Error(`Invalid Option: escape must be a buffer, a string or a boolean, got ${JSON.stringify(options.escape)}`);
    }
  }
  // Normalize option `from`
  if(options.from === undefined || options.from === null){
    options.from = 1;
  }else {
    if(typeof options.from === 'string' && /\d+/.test(options.from)){
      options.from = parseInt(options.from);
    }
    if(Number.isInteger(options.from)){
      if(options.from < 0){
        throw new Error(`Invalid Option: from must be a positive integer, got ${JSON.stringify(opts.from)}`);
      }
    }else {
      throw new Error(`Invalid Option: from must be an integer, got ${JSON.stringify(options.from)}`);
    }
  }
  // Normalize option `from_line`
  if(options.from_line === undefined || options.from_line === null){
    options.from_line = 1;
  }else {
    if(typeof options.from_line === 'string' && /\d+/.test(options.from_line)){
      options.from_line = parseInt(options.from_line);
    }
    if(Number.isInteger(options.from_line)){
      if(options.from_line <= 0){
        throw new Error(`Invalid Option: from_line must be a positive integer greater than 0, got ${JSON.stringify(opts.from_line)}`);
      }
    }else {
      throw new Error(`Invalid Option: from_line must be an integer, got ${JSON.stringify(opts.from_line)}`);
    }
  }
  // Normalize options `ignore_last_delimiters`
  if(options.ignore_last_delimiters === undefined || options.ignore_last_delimiters === null){
    options.ignore_last_delimiters = false;
  }else if(typeof options.ignore_last_delimiters === 'number'){
    options.ignore_last_delimiters = Math.floor(options.ignore_last_delimiters);
    if(options.ignore_last_delimiters === 0){
      options.ignore_last_delimiters = false;
    }
  }else if(typeof options.ignore_last_delimiters !== 'boolean'){
    throw new CsvError('CSV_INVALID_OPTION_IGNORE_LAST_DELIMITERS', [
      'Invalid option `ignore_last_delimiters`:',
      'the value must be a boolean value or an integer,',
      `got ${JSON.stringify(options.ignore_last_delimiters)}`
    ], options);
  }
  if(options.ignore_last_delimiters === true && options.columns === false){
    throw new CsvError('CSV_IGNORE_LAST_DELIMITERS_REQUIRES_COLUMNS', [
      'The option `ignore_last_delimiters`',
      'requires the activation of the `columns` option'
    ], options);
  }
  // Normalize option `info`
  if(options.info === undefined || options.info === null || options.info === false){
    options.info = false;
  }else if(options.info !== true){
    throw new Error(`Invalid Option: info must be true, got ${JSON.stringify(options.info)}`);
  }
  // Normalize option `max_record_size`
  if(options.max_record_size === undefined || options.max_record_size === null || options.max_record_size === false){
    options.max_record_size = 0;
  }else if(Number.isInteger(options.max_record_size) && options.max_record_size >= 0);else if(typeof options.max_record_size === 'string' && /\d+/.test(options.max_record_size)){
    options.max_record_size = parseInt(options.max_record_size);
  }else {
    throw new Error(`Invalid Option: max_record_size must be a positive integer, got ${JSON.stringify(options.max_record_size)}`);
  }
  // Normalize option `objname`
  if(options.objname === undefined || options.objname === null || options.objname === false){
    options.objname = undefined;
  }else if(isBuffer(options.objname)){
    if(options.objname.length === 0){
      throw new Error(`Invalid Option: objname must be a non empty buffer`);
    }
    if(options.encoding === null);else {
      options.objname = options.objname.toString(options.encoding);
    }
  }else if(typeof options.objname === 'string'){
    if(options.objname.length === 0){
      throw new Error(`Invalid Option: objname must be a non empty string`);
    }
    // Great, nothing to do
  }else if(typeof options.objname === 'number');else {
    throw new Error(`Invalid Option: objname must be a string or a buffer, got ${options.objname}`);
  }
  if(options.objname !== undefined){
    if(typeof options.objname === 'number'){
      if(options.columns !== false){
        throw Error('Invalid Option: objname index cannot be combined with columns or be defined as a field');
      }
    }else { // A string or a buffer
      if(options.columns === false){
        throw Error('Invalid Option: objname field must be combined with columns or be defined as an index');
      }
    }
  }
  // Normalize option `on_record`
  if(options.on_record === undefined || options.on_record === null){
    options.on_record = undefined;
  }else if(typeof options.on_record !== 'function'){
    throw new CsvError('CSV_INVALID_OPTION_ON_RECORD', [
      'Invalid option `on_record`:',
      'expect a function,',
      `got ${JSON.stringify(options.on_record)}`
    ], options);
  }
  // Normalize option `quote`
  if(options.quote === null || options.quote === false || options.quote === ''){
    options.quote = null;
  }else {
    if(options.quote === undefined || options.quote === true){
      options.quote = Buffer.from('"', options.encoding);
    }else if(typeof options.quote === 'string'){
      options.quote = Buffer.from(options.quote, options.encoding);
    }
    if(!isBuffer(options.quote)){
      throw new Error(`Invalid Option: quote must be a buffer or a string, got ${JSON.stringify(options.quote)}`);
    }
  }
  // Normalize option `raw`
  if(options.raw === undefined || options.raw === null || options.raw === false){
    options.raw = false;
  }else if(options.raw !== true){
    throw new Error(`Invalid Option: raw must be true, got ${JSON.stringify(options.raw)}`);
  }
  // Normalize option `record_delimiter`
  if(options.record_delimiter === undefined){
    options.record_delimiter = [];
  }else if(typeof options.record_delimiter === 'string' || isBuffer(options.record_delimiter)){
    if(options.record_delimiter.length === 0){
      throw new CsvError('CSV_INVALID_OPTION_RECORD_DELIMITER', [
        'Invalid option `record_delimiter`:',
        'value must be a non empty string or buffer,',
        `got ${JSON.stringify(options.record_delimiter)}`
      ], options);
    }
    options.record_delimiter = [options.record_delimiter];
  }else if(!Array.isArray(options.record_delimiter)){
    throw new CsvError('CSV_INVALID_OPTION_RECORD_DELIMITER', [
      'Invalid option `record_delimiter`:',
      'value must be a string, a buffer or array of string|buffer,',
      `got ${JSON.stringify(options.record_delimiter)}`
    ], options);
  }
  options.record_delimiter = options.record_delimiter.map(function(rd, i){
    if(typeof rd !== 'string' && ! isBuffer(rd)){
      throw new CsvError('CSV_INVALID_OPTION_RECORD_DELIMITER', [
        'Invalid option `record_delimiter`:',
        'value must be a string, a buffer or array of string|buffer',
        `at index ${i},`,
        `got ${JSON.stringify(rd)}`
      ], options);
    }else if(rd.length === 0){
      throw new CsvError('CSV_INVALID_OPTION_RECORD_DELIMITER', [
        'Invalid option `record_delimiter`:',
        'value must be a non empty string or buffer',
        `at index ${i},`,
        `got ${JSON.stringify(rd)}`
      ], options);
    }
    if(typeof rd === 'string'){
      rd = Buffer.from(rd, options.encoding);
    }
    return rd;
  });
  // Normalize option `relax_column_count`
  if(typeof options.relax_column_count === 'boolean');else if(options.relax_column_count === undefined || options.relax_column_count === null){
    options.relax_column_count = false;
  }else {
    throw new Error(`Invalid Option: relax_column_count must be a boolean, got ${JSON.stringify(options.relax_column_count)}`);
  }
  if(typeof options.relax_column_count_less === 'boolean');else if(options.relax_column_count_less === undefined || options.relax_column_count_less === null){
    options.relax_column_count_less = false;
  }else {
    throw new Error(`Invalid Option: relax_column_count_less must be a boolean, got ${JSON.stringify(options.relax_column_count_less)}`);
  }
  if(typeof options.relax_column_count_more === 'boolean');else if(options.relax_column_count_more === undefined || options.relax_column_count_more === null){
    options.relax_column_count_more = false;
  }else {
    throw new Error(`Invalid Option: relax_column_count_more must be a boolean, got ${JSON.stringify(options.relax_column_count_more)}`);
  }
  // Normalize option `relax_quotes`
  if(typeof options.relax_quotes === 'boolean');else if(options.relax_quotes === undefined || options.relax_quotes === null){
    options.relax_quotes = false;
  }else {
    throw new Error(`Invalid Option: relax_quotes must be a boolean, got ${JSON.stringify(options.relax_quotes)}`);
  }
  // Normalize option `skip_empty_lines`
  if(typeof options.skip_empty_lines === 'boolean');else if(options.skip_empty_lines === undefined || options.skip_empty_lines === null){
    options.skip_empty_lines = false;
  }else {
    throw new Error(`Invalid Option: skip_empty_lines must be a boolean, got ${JSON.stringify(options.skip_empty_lines)}`);
  }
  // Normalize option `skip_records_with_empty_values`
  if(typeof options.skip_records_with_empty_values === 'boolean');else if(options.skip_records_with_empty_values === undefined || options.skip_records_with_empty_values === null){
    options.skip_records_with_empty_values = false;
  }else {
    throw new Error(`Invalid Option: skip_records_with_empty_values must be a boolean, got ${JSON.stringify(options.skip_records_with_empty_values)}`);
  }
  // Normalize option `skip_records_with_error`
  if(typeof options.skip_records_with_error === 'boolean');else if(options.skip_records_with_error === undefined || options.skip_records_with_error === null){
    options.skip_records_with_error = false;
  }else {
    throw new Error(`Invalid Option: skip_records_with_error must be a boolean, got ${JSON.stringify(options.skip_records_with_error)}`);
  }
  // Normalize option `rtrim`
  if(options.rtrim === undefined || options.rtrim === null || options.rtrim === false){
    options.rtrim = false;
  }else if(options.rtrim !== true){
    throw new Error(`Invalid Option: rtrim must be a boolean, got ${JSON.stringify(options.rtrim)}`);
  }
  // Normalize option `ltrim`
  if(options.ltrim === undefined || options.ltrim === null || options.ltrim === false){
    options.ltrim = false;
  }else if(options.ltrim !== true){
    throw new Error(`Invalid Option: ltrim must be a boolean, got ${JSON.stringify(options.ltrim)}`);
  }
  // Normalize option `trim`
  if(options.trim === undefined || options.trim === null || options.trim === false){
    options.trim = false;
  }else if(options.trim !== true){
    throw new Error(`Invalid Option: trim must be a boolean, got ${JSON.stringify(options.trim)}`);
  }
  // Normalize options `trim`, `ltrim` and `rtrim`
  if(options.trim === true && opts.ltrim !== false){
    options.ltrim = true;
  }else if(options.ltrim !== true){
    options.ltrim = false;
  }
  if(options.trim === true && opts.rtrim !== false){
    options.rtrim = true;
  }else if(options.rtrim !== true){
    options.rtrim = false;
  }
  // Normalize option `to`
  if(options.to === undefined || options.to === null){
    options.to = -1;
  }else {
    if(typeof options.to === 'string' && /\d+/.test(options.to)){
      options.to = parseInt(options.to);
    }
    if(Number.isInteger(options.to)){
      if(options.to <= 0){
        throw new Error(`Invalid Option: to must be a positive integer greater than 0, got ${JSON.stringify(opts.to)}`);
      }
    }else {
      throw new Error(`Invalid Option: to must be an integer, got ${JSON.stringify(opts.to)}`);
    }
  }
  // Normalize option `to_line`
  if(options.to_line === undefined || options.to_line === null){
    options.to_line = -1;
  }else {
    if(typeof options.to_line === 'string' && /\d+/.test(options.to_line)){
      options.to_line = parseInt(options.to_line);
    }
    if(Number.isInteger(options.to_line)){
      if(options.to_line <= 0){
        throw new Error(`Invalid Option: to_line must be a positive integer greater than 0, got ${JSON.stringify(opts.to_line)}`);
      }
    }else {
      throw new Error(`Invalid Option: to_line must be an integer, got ${JSON.stringify(opts.to_line)}`);
    }
  }
  return options;
};

const isRecordEmpty = function(record){
  return record.every((field) => field == null || field.toString && field.toString().trim() === '');
};

const cr = 13; // `\r`, carriage return, 0x0D in hexadécimal, 13 in decimal
const nl = 10; // `\n`, newline, 0x0A in hexadecimal, 10 in decimal

const boms = {
  // Note, the following are equals:
  // Buffer.from("\ufeff")
  // Buffer.from([239, 187, 191])
  // Buffer.from('EFBBBF', 'hex')
  'utf8': Buffer.from([239, 187, 191]),
  // Note, the following are equals:
  // Buffer.from "\ufeff", 'utf16le
  // Buffer.from([255, 254])
  'utf16le': Buffer.from([255, 254])
};

const transform = function(original_options = {}) {
  const info = {
    bytes: 0,
    comment_lines: 0,
    empty_lines: 0,
    invalid_field_length: 0,
    lines: 1,
    records: 0
  };
  const options = normalize_options(original_options);
  return {
    info: info,
    original_options: original_options,
    options: options,
    state: init_state(options),
    __needMoreData: function(i, bufLen, end){
      if(end) return false;
      const {encoding, escape, quote} = this.options;
      const {quoting, needMoreDataSize, recordDelimiterMaxLength} = this.state;
      const numOfCharLeft = bufLen - i - 1;
      const requiredLength = Math.max(
        needMoreDataSize,
        // Skip if the remaining buffer smaller than record delimiter
        // If "record_delimiter" is yet to be discovered:
        // 1. It is equals to `[]` and "recordDelimiterMaxLength" equals `0`
        // 2. We set the length to windows line ending in the current encoding
        // Note, that encoding is known from user or bom discovery at that point
        // recordDelimiterMaxLength,
        recordDelimiterMaxLength === 0 ? Buffer.from('\r\n', encoding).length : recordDelimiterMaxLength,
        // Skip if remaining buffer can be an escaped quote
        quoting ? ((escape === null ? 0 : escape.length) + quote.length) : 0,
        // Skip if remaining buffer can be record delimiter following the closing quote
        quoting ? (quote.length + recordDelimiterMaxLength) : 0,
      );
      return numOfCharLeft < requiredLength;
    },
    // Central parser implementation
    parse: function(nextBuf, end, push, close){
      const {bom, comment_no_infix, encoding, from_line, ltrim, max_record_size,raw, relax_quotes, rtrim, skip_empty_lines, to, to_line} = this.options;
      let {comment, escape, quote, record_delimiter} = this.options;
      const {bomSkipped, previousBuf, rawBuffer, escapeIsQuote} = this.state;
      let buf;
      if(previousBuf === undefined){
        if(nextBuf === undefined){
          // Handle empty string
          close();
          return;
        }else {
          buf = nextBuf;
        }
      }else if(previousBuf !== undefined && nextBuf === undefined){
        buf = previousBuf;
      }else {
        buf = Buffer.concat([previousBuf, nextBuf]);
      }
      // Handle UTF BOM
      if(bomSkipped === false){
        if(bom === false){
          this.state.bomSkipped = true;
        }else if(buf.length < 3){
          // No enough data
          if(end === false){
            // Wait for more data
            this.state.previousBuf = buf;
            return;
          }
        }else {
          for(const encoding in boms){
            if(boms[encoding].compare(buf, 0, boms[encoding].length) === 0){
              // Skip BOM
              const bomLength = boms[encoding].length;
              this.state.bufBytesStart += bomLength;
              buf = buf.slice(bomLength);
              // Renormalize original options with the new encoding
              this.options = normalize_options({...this.original_options, encoding: encoding});
              // Options will re-evaluate the Buffer with the new encoding
              ({comment, escape, quote } = this.options);
              break;
            }
          }
          this.state.bomSkipped = true;
        }
      }
      const bufLen = buf.length;
      let pos;
      for(pos = 0; pos < bufLen; pos++){
        // Ensure we get enough space to look ahead
        // There should be a way to move this out of the loop
        if(this.__needMoreData(pos, bufLen, end)){
          break;
        }
        if(this.state.wasRowDelimiter === true){
          this.info.lines++;
          this.state.wasRowDelimiter = false;
        }
        if(to_line !== -1 && this.info.lines > to_line){
          this.state.stop = true;
          close();
          return;
        }
        // Auto discovery of record_delimiter, unix, mac and windows supported
        if(this.state.quoting === false && record_delimiter.length === 0){
          const record_delimiterCount = this.__autoDiscoverRecordDelimiter(buf, pos);
          if(record_delimiterCount){
            record_delimiter = this.options.record_delimiter;
          }
        }
        const chr = buf[pos];
        if(raw === true){
          rawBuffer.append(chr);
        }
        if((chr === cr || chr === nl) && this.state.wasRowDelimiter === false){
          this.state.wasRowDelimiter = true;
        }
        // Previous char was a valid escape char
        // treat the current char as a regular char
        if(this.state.escaping === true){
          this.state.escaping = false;
        }else {
          // Escape is only active inside quoted fields
          // We are quoting, the char is an escape chr and there is a chr to escape
          // if(escape !== null && this.state.quoting === true && chr === escape && pos + 1 < bufLen){
          if(escape !== null && this.state.quoting === true && this.__isEscape(buf, pos, chr) && pos + escape.length < bufLen){
            if(escapeIsQuote){
              if(this.__isQuote(buf, pos+escape.length)){
                this.state.escaping = true;
                pos += escape.length - 1;
                continue;
              }
            }else {
              this.state.escaping = true;
              pos += escape.length - 1;
              continue;
            }
          }
          // Not currently escaping and chr is a quote
          // TODO: need to compare bytes instead of single char
          if(this.state.commenting === false && this.__isQuote(buf, pos)){
            if(this.state.quoting === true){
              const nextChr = buf[pos+quote.length];
              const isNextChrTrimable = rtrim && this.__isCharTrimable(buf, pos+quote.length);
              const isNextChrComment = comment !== null && this.__compareBytes(comment, buf, pos+quote.length, nextChr);
              const isNextChrDelimiter = this.__isDelimiter(buf, pos+quote.length, nextChr);
              const isNextChrRecordDelimiter = record_delimiter.length === 0 ? this.__autoDiscoverRecordDelimiter(buf, pos+quote.length) : this.__isRecordDelimiter(nextChr, buf, pos+quote.length);
              // Escape a quote
              // Treat next char as a regular character
              if(escape !== null && this.__isEscape(buf, pos, chr) && this.__isQuote(buf, pos + escape.length)){
                pos += escape.length - 1;
              }else if(!nextChr || isNextChrDelimiter || isNextChrRecordDelimiter || isNextChrComment || isNextChrTrimable){
                this.state.quoting = false;
                this.state.wasQuoting = true;
                pos += quote.length - 1;
                continue;
              }else if(relax_quotes === false){
                const err = this.__error(
                  new CsvError('CSV_INVALID_CLOSING_QUOTE', [
                    'Invalid Closing Quote:',
                    `got "${String.fromCharCode(nextChr)}"`,
                    `at line ${this.info.lines}`,
                    'instead of delimiter, record delimiter, trimable character',
                    '(if activated) or comment',
                  ], this.options, this.__infoField())
                );
                if(err !== undefined) return err;
              }else {
                this.state.quoting = false;
                this.state.wasQuoting = true;
                this.state.field.prepend(quote);
                pos += quote.length - 1;
              }
            }else {
              if(this.state.field.length !== 0){
                // In relax_quotes mode, treat opening quote preceded by chrs as regular
                if(relax_quotes === false){
                  const info = this.__infoField();
                  const bom = Object.keys(boms).map(b => boms[b].equals(this.state.field.toString()) ? b : false).filter(Boolean)[0];
                  const err = this.__error(
                    new CsvError('INVALID_OPENING_QUOTE', [
                      'Invalid Opening Quote:',
                      `a quote is found on field ${JSON.stringify(info.column)} at line ${info.lines}, value is ${JSON.stringify(this.state.field.toString(encoding))}`,
                      bom ? `(${bom} bom)` : undefined
                    ], this.options, info, {
                      field: this.state.field,
                    })
                  );
                  if(err !== undefined) return err;
                }
              }else {
                this.state.quoting = true;
                pos += quote.length - 1;
                continue;
              }
            }
          }
          if(this.state.quoting === false){
            const recordDelimiterLength = this.__isRecordDelimiter(chr, buf, pos);
            if(recordDelimiterLength !== 0){
              // Do not emit comments which take a full line
              const skipCommentLine = this.state.commenting && (this.state.wasQuoting === false && this.state.record.length === 0 && this.state.field.length === 0);
              if(skipCommentLine){
                this.info.comment_lines++;
                // Skip full comment line
              }else {
                // Activate records emition if above from_line
                if(this.state.enabled === false && this.info.lines + (this.state.wasRowDelimiter === true ? 1: 0) >= from_line){
                  this.state.enabled = true;
                  this.__resetField();
                  this.__resetRecord();
                  pos += recordDelimiterLength - 1;
                  continue;
                }
                // Skip if line is empty and skip_empty_lines activated
                if(skip_empty_lines === true && this.state.wasQuoting === false && this.state.record.length === 0 && this.state.field.length === 0){
                  this.info.empty_lines++;
                  pos += recordDelimiterLength - 1;
                  continue;
                }
                this.info.bytes = this.state.bufBytesStart + pos;
                const errField = this.__onField();
                if(errField !== undefined) return errField;
                this.info.bytes = this.state.bufBytesStart + pos + recordDelimiterLength;
                const errRecord = this.__onRecord(push);
                if(errRecord !== undefined) return errRecord;
                if(to !== -1 && this.info.records >= to){
                  this.state.stop = true;
                  close();
                  return;
                }
              }
              this.state.commenting = false;
              pos += recordDelimiterLength - 1;
              continue;
            }
            if(this.state.commenting){
              continue;
            }
            if(comment !== null && (comment_no_infix === false || (this.state.record.length === 0 && this.state.field.length === 0))) {
              const commentCount = this.__compareBytes(comment, buf, pos, chr);
              if(commentCount !== 0){
                this.state.commenting = true;
                continue;
              }
            }
            const delimiterLength = this.__isDelimiter(buf, pos, chr);
            if(delimiterLength !== 0){
              this.info.bytes = this.state.bufBytesStart + pos;
              const errField = this.__onField();
              if(errField !== undefined) return errField;
              pos += delimiterLength - 1;
              continue;
            }
          }
        }
        if(this.state.commenting === false){
          if(max_record_size !== 0 && this.state.record_length + this.state.field.length > max_record_size){
            return this.__error(
              new CsvError('CSV_MAX_RECORD_SIZE', [
                'Max Record Size:',
                'record exceed the maximum number of tolerated bytes',
                `of ${max_record_size}`,
                `at line ${this.info.lines}`,
              ], this.options, this.__infoField())
            );
          }
        }
        const lappend = ltrim === false || this.state.quoting === true || this.state.field.length !== 0 || !this.__isCharTrimable(buf, pos);
        // rtrim in non quoting is handle in __onField
        const rappend = rtrim === false || this.state.wasQuoting === false;
        if(lappend === true && rappend === true){
          this.state.field.append(chr);
        }else if(rtrim === true && !this.__isCharTrimable(buf, pos)){
          return this.__error(
            new CsvError('CSV_NON_TRIMABLE_CHAR_AFTER_CLOSING_QUOTE', [
              'Invalid Closing Quote:',
              'found non trimable byte after quote',
              `at line ${this.info.lines}`,
            ], this.options, this.__infoField())
          );
        }else {
          if(lappend === false){
            pos += this.__isCharTrimable(buf, pos) - 1;
          }
          continue;
        }
      }
      if(end === true){
        // Ensure we are not ending in a quoting state
        if(this.state.quoting === true){
          const err = this.__error(
            new CsvError('CSV_QUOTE_NOT_CLOSED', [
              'Quote Not Closed:',
              `the parsing is finished with an opening quote at line ${this.info.lines}`,
            ], this.options, this.__infoField())
          );
          if(err !== undefined) return err;
        }else {
          // Skip last line if it has no characters
          if(this.state.wasQuoting === true || this.state.record.length !== 0 || this.state.field.length !== 0){
            this.info.bytes = this.state.bufBytesStart + pos;
            const errField = this.__onField();
            if(errField !== undefined) return errField;
            const errRecord = this.__onRecord(push);
            if(errRecord !== undefined) return errRecord;
          }else if(this.state.wasRowDelimiter === true){
            this.info.empty_lines++;
          }else if(this.state.commenting === true){
            this.info.comment_lines++;
          }
        }
      }else {
        this.state.bufBytesStart += pos;
        this.state.previousBuf = buf.slice(pos);
      }
      if(this.state.wasRowDelimiter === true){
        this.info.lines++;
        this.state.wasRowDelimiter = false;
      }
    },
    __onRecord: function(push){
      const {columns, group_columns_by_name, encoding, info, from, relax_column_count, relax_column_count_less, relax_column_count_more, raw, skip_records_with_empty_values} = this.options;
      const {enabled, record} = this.state;
      if(enabled === false){
        return this.__resetRecord();
      }
      // Convert the first line into column names
      const recordLength = record.length;
      if(columns === true){
        if(skip_records_with_empty_values === true && isRecordEmpty(record)){
          this.__resetRecord();
          return;
        }
        return this.__firstLineToColumns(record);
      }
      if(columns === false && this.info.records === 0){
        this.state.expectedRecordLength = recordLength;
      }
      if(recordLength !== this.state.expectedRecordLength){
        const err = columns === false ?
          new CsvError('CSV_RECORD_INCONSISTENT_FIELDS_LENGTH', [
            'Invalid Record Length:',
            `expect ${this.state.expectedRecordLength},`,
            `got ${recordLength} on line ${this.info.lines}`,
          ], this.options, this.__infoField(), {
            record: record,
          })
          :
          new CsvError('CSV_RECORD_INCONSISTENT_COLUMNS', [
            'Invalid Record Length:',
            `columns length is ${columns.length},`, // rename columns
            `got ${recordLength} on line ${this.info.lines}`,
          ], this.options, this.__infoField(), {
            record: record,
          });
        if(relax_column_count === true ||
          (relax_column_count_less === true && recordLength < this.state.expectedRecordLength) ||
          (relax_column_count_more === true && recordLength > this.state.expectedRecordLength)){
          this.info.invalid_field_length++;
          this.state.error = err;
        // Error is undefined with skip_records_with_error
        }else {
          const finalErr = this.__error(err);
          if(finalErr) return finalErr;
        }
      }
      if(skip_records_with_empty_values === true && isRecordEmpty(record)){
        this.__resetRecord();
        return;
      }
      if(this.state.recordHasError === true){
        this.__resetRecord();
        this.state.recordHasError = false;
        return;
      }
      this.info.records++;
      if(from === 1 || this.info.records >= from){
        const {objname} = this.options;
        // With columns, records are object
        if(columns !== false){
          const obj = {};
          // Transform record array to an object
          for(let i = 0, l = record.length; i < l; i++){
            if(columns[i] === undefined || columns[i].disabled) continue;
            // Turn duplicate columns into an array
            if (group_columns_by_name === true && obj[columns[i].name] !== undefined) {
              if (Array.isArray(obj[columns[i].name])) {
                obj[columns[i].name] = obj[columns[i].name].concat(record[i]);
              } else {
                obj[columns[i].name] = [obj[columns[i].name], record[i]];
              }
            } else {
              obj[columns[i].name] = record[i];
            }
          }
          // Without objname (default)
          if(raw === true || info === true){
            const extRecord = Object.assign(
              {record: obj},
              (raw === true ? {raw: this.state.rawBuffer.toString(encoding)}: {}),
              (info === true ? {info: this.__infoRecord()}: {})
            );
            const err = this.__push(
              objname === undefined ? extRecord : [obj[objname], extRecord]
              , push);
            if(err){
              return err;
            }
          }else {
            const err = this.__push(
              objname === undefined ? obj : [obj[objname], obj]
              , push);
            if(err){
              return err;
            }
          }
        // Without columns, records are array
        }else {
          if(raw === true || info === true){
            const extRecord = Object.assign(
              {record: record},
              raw === true ? {raw: this.state.rawBuffer.toString(encoding)}: {},
              info === true ? {info: this.__infoRecord()}: {}
            );
            const err = this.__push(
              objname === undefined ? extRecord : [record[objname], extRecord]
              , push);
            if(err){
              return err;
            }
          }else {
            const err = this.__push(
              objname === undefined ? record : [record[objname], record]
              , push);
            if(err){
              return err;
            }
          }
        }
      }
      this.__resetRecord();
    },
    __firstLineToColumns: function(record){
      const {firstLineToHeaders} = this.state;
      try{
        const headers = firstLineToHeaders === undefined ? record : firstLineToHeaders.call(null, record);
        if(!Array.isArray(headers)){
          return this.__error(
            new CsvError('CSV_INVALID_COLUMN_MAPPING', [
              'Invalid Column Mapping:',
              'expect an array from column function,',
              `got ${JSON.stringify(headers)}`
            ], this.options, this.__infoField(), {
              headers: headers,
            })
          );
        }
        const normalizedHeaders = normalize_columns_array(headers);
        this.state.expectedRecordLength = normalizedHeaders.length;
        this.options.columns = normalizedHeaders;
        this.__resetRecord();
        return;
      }catch(err){
        return err;
      }
    },
    __resetRecord: function(){
      if(this.options.raw === true){
        this.state.rawBuffer.reset();
      }
      this.state.error = undefined;
      this.state.record = [];
      this.state.record_length = 0;
    },
    __onField: function(){
      const {cast, encoding, rtrim, max_record_size} = this.options;
      const {enabled, wasQuoting} = this.state;
      // Short circuit for the from_line options
      if(enabled === false){
        return this.__resetField();
      }
      let field = this.state.field.toString(encoding);
      if(rtrim === true && wasQuoting === false){
        field = field.trimRight();
      }
      if(cast === true){
        const [err, f] = this.__cast(field);
        if(err !== undefined) return err;
        field = f;
      }
      this.state.record.push(field);
      // Increment record length if record size must not exceed a limit
      if(max_record_size !== 0 && typeof field === 'string'){
        this.state.record_length += field.length;
      }
      this.__resetField();
    },
    __resetField: function(){
      this.state.field.reset();
      this.state.wasQuoting = false;
    },
    __push: function(record, push){
      const {on_record} = this.options;
      if(on_record !== undefined){
        const info = this.__infoRecord();
        try{
          record = on_record.call(null, record, info);
        }catch(err){
          return err;
        }
        if(record === undefined || record === null){ return; }
      }
      push(record);
    },
    // Return a tuple with the error and the casted value
    __cast: function(field){
      const {columns, relax_column_count} = this.options;
      const isColumns = Array.isArray(columns);
      // Dont loose time calling cast
      // because the final record is an object
      // and this field can't be associated to a key present in columns
      if(isColumns === true && relax_column_count && this.options.columns.length <= this.state.record.length){
        return [undefined, undefined];
      }
      if(this.state.castField !== null){
        try{
          const info = this.__infoField();
          return [undefined, this.state.castField.call(null, field, info)];
        }catch(err){
          return [err];
        }
      }
      if(this.__isFloat(field)){
        return [undefined, parseFloat(field)];
      }else if(this.options.cast_date !== false){
        const info = this.__infoField();
        return [undefined, this.options.cast_date.call(null, field, info)];
      }
      return [undefined, field];
    },
    // Helper to test if a character is a space or a line delimiter
    __isCharTrimable: function(buf, pos){
      const isTrim = (buf, pos) => {
        const {timchars} = this.state;
        loop1: for(let i = 0; i < timchars.length; i++){
          const timchar = timchars[i];
          for(let j = 0; j < timchar.length; j++){
            if(timchar[j] !== buf[pos+j]) continue loop1;
          }
          return timchar.length;
        }
        return 0;
      };
      return isTrim(buf, pos);
    },
    // Keep it in case we implement the `cast_int` option
    // __isInt(value){
    //   // return Number.isInteger(parseInt(value))
    //   // return !isNaN( parseInt( obj ) );
    //   return /^(\-|\+)?[1-9][0-9]*$/.test(value)
    // }
    __isFloat: function(value){
      return (value - parseFloat(value) + 1) >= 0; // Borrowed from jquery
    },
    __compareBytes: function(sourceBuf, targetBuf, targetPos, firstByte){
      if(sourceBuf[0] !== firstByte) return 0;
      const sourceLength = sourceBuf.length;
      for(let i = 1; i < sourceLength; i++){
        if(sourceBuf[i] !== targetBuf[targetPos+i]) return 0;
      }
      return sourceLength;
    },
    __isDelimiter: function(buf, pos, chr){
      const {delimiter, ignore_last_delimiters} = this.options;
      if(ignore_last_delimiters === true && this.state.record.length === this.options.columns.length - 1){
        return 0;
      }else if(ignore_last_delimiters !== false && typeof ignore_last_delimiters === 'number' && this.state.record.length === ignore_last_delimiters - 1){
        return 0;
      }
      loop1: for(let i = 0; i < delimiter.length; i++){
        const del = delimiter[i];
        if(del[0] === chr){
          for(let j = 1; j < del.length; j++){
            if(del[j] !== buf[pos+j]) continue loop1;
          }
          return del.length;
        }
      }
      return 0;
    },
    __isRecordDelimiter: function(chr, buf, pos){
      const {record_delimiter} = this.options;
      const recordDelimiterLength = record_delimiter.length;
      loop1: for(let i = 0; i < recordDelimiterLength; i++){
        const rd = record_delimiter[i];
        const rdLength = rd.length;
        if(rd[0] !== chr){
          continue;
        }
        for(let j = 1; j < rdLength; j++){
          if(rd[j] !== buf[pos+j]){
            continue loop1;
          }
        }
        return rd.length;
      }
      return 0;
    },
    __isEscape: function(buf, pos, chr){
      const {escape} = this.options;
      if(escape === null) return false;
      const l = escape.length;
      if(escape[0] === chr){
        for(let i = 0; i < l; i++){
          if(escape[i] !== buf[pos+i]){
            return false;
          }
        }
        return true;
      }
      return false;
    },
    __isQuote: function(buf, pos){
      const {quote} = this.options;
      if(quote === null) return false;
      const l = quote.length;
      for(let i = 0; i < l; i++){
        if(quote[i] !== buf[pos+i]){
          return false;
        }
      }
      return true;
    },
    __autoDiscoverRecordDelimiter: function(buf, pos){
      const { encoding } = this.options;
      // Note, we don't need to cache this information in state,
      // It is only called on the first line until we find out a suitable
      // record delimiter.
      const rds = [
        // Important, the windows line ending must be before mac os 9
        Buffer.from('\r\n', encoding),
        Buffer.from('\n', encoding),
        Buffer.from('\r', encoding),
      ];
      loop: for(let i = 0; i < rds.length; i++){
        const l = rds[i].length;
        for(let j = 0; j < l; j++){
          if(rds[i][j] !== buf[pos + j]){
            continue loop;
          }
        }
        this.options.record_delimiter.push(rds[i]);
        this.state.recordDelimiterMaxLength = rds[i].length;
        return rds[i].length;
      }
      return 0;
    },
    __error: function(msg){
      const {encoding, raw, skip_records_with_error} = this.options;
      const err = typeof msg === 'string' ? new Error(msg) : msg;
      if(skip_records_with_error){
        this.state.recordHasError = true;
        if(this.options.on_skip !== undefined){
          this.options.on_skip(err, raw ? this.state.rawBuffer.toString(encoding) : undefined);
        }
        // this.emit('skip', err, raw ? this.state.rawBuffer.toString(encoding) : undefined);
        return undefined;
      }else {
        return err;
      }
    },
    __infoDataSet: function(){
      return {
        ...this.info,
        columns: this.options.columns
      };
    },
    __infoRecord: function(){
      const {columns, raw, encoding} = this.options;
      return {
        ...this.__infoDataSet(),
        error: this.state.error,
        header: columns === true,
        index: this.state.record.length,
        raw: raw ? this.state.rawBuffer.toString(encoding) : undefined
      };
    },
    __infoField: function(){
      const {columns} = this.options;
      const isColumns = Array.isArray(columns);
      return {
        ...this.__infoRecord(),
        column: isColumns === true ?
          (columns.length > this.state.record.length ?
            columns[this.state.record.length].name :
            null
          ) :
          this.state.record.length,
        quoting: this.state.wasQuoting,
      };
    }
  };
};

const parse = function(data, opts={}){
  if(typeof data === 'string'){
    data = Buffer.from(data);
  }
  const records = opts && opts.objname ? {} : [];
  const parser = transform(opts);
  const push = (record) => {
    if(parser.options.objname === undefined)
      records.push(record);
    else {
      records[record[0]] = record[1];
    }
  };
  const close = () => {};
  const err1 = parser.parse(data, false, push, close);
  if(err1 !== undefined) throw err1;
  const err2 = parser.parse(undefined, true, push, close);
  if(err2 !== undefined) throw err2;
  return records;
};

export { CsvError, parse };