diff --git a/src/esm.ts b/src/esm.ts
index 35bca748a..77a7f87bd 100644
--- a/src/esm.ts
+++ b/src/esm.ts
@@ -36,6 +36,39 @@ const { defaultGetFormat } = require('../dist-raw/node-esm-default-get-format');
 // from node, build our implementation of the *new* API on top of it, and implement the *old*
 // hooks API as a shim to the *new* API.
 
+export interface NodeHooksAPI1 {
+  resolve(
+    specifier: string,
+    context: { parentURL: string },
+    defaultResolve: NodeHooksAPI1['resolve']
+  ): Promise<{ url: string }>;
+  getFormat(
+    url: string,
+    context: {},
+    defaultGetFormat: NodeHooksAPI1['getFormat']
+  ): Promise<{ format: Format }>;
+  transformSource(
+    source: string | Buffer,
+    context: { url: string; format: Format },
+    defaultTransformSource: NodeHooksAPI1['transformSource']
+  ): Promise<{ source: string | Buffer }>;
+}
+
+export interface NodeHooksAPI2 {
+  resolve(
+    specifier: string,
+    context: { parentURL: string },
+    defaultResolve: NodeHooksAPI2['resolve']
+  ): Promise<{ url: string }>;
+  load(
+    url: string,
+    context: { format: Format | null | undefined },
+    defaultLoad: NodeHooksAPI2['load']
+  ): Promise<{ format: Format; source: string | Buffer | undefined }>;
+}
+
+type Format = 'builtin' | 'commonjs' | 'dynamic' | 'json' | 'module' | 'wasm';
+
 /** @internal */
 export function registerAndCreateEsmHooks(opts?: RegisterOptions) {
   // Automatically performs registration just like `-r ts-node/register`
@@ -62,12 +95,7 @@ export function createEsmHooks(tsNodeService: Service) {
     versionGteLt(process.versions.node, '12.999.999', '13.0.0');
 
   // Explicit return type to avoid TS's non-ideal inferred type
-  const hooksAPI: {
-    resolve: typeof resolve;
-    getFormat: typeof getFormat | undefined;
-    transformSource: typeof transformSource | undefined;
-    load: typeof load | undefined;
-  } = newHooksAPI
+  const hooksAPI: NodeHooksAPI1 | NodeHooksAPI2 = newHooksAPI
     ? { resolve, load, getFormat: undefined, transformSource: undefined }
     : { resolve, getFormat, transformSource, load: undefined };
   return hooksAPI;
@@ -160,7 +188,6 @@ export function createEsmHooks(tsNodeService: Service) {
     return { format, source };
   }
 
-  type Format = 'builtin' | 'commonjs' | 'dynamic' | 'json' | 'module' | 'wasm';
   async function getFormat(
     url: string,
     context: {},
diff --git a/src/test/esm-loader.spec.ts b/src/test/esm-loader.spec.ts
index e117e1ef8..e53b3e70b 100644
--- a/src/test/esm-loader.spec.ts
+++ b/src/test/esm-loader.spec.ts
@@ -7,11 +7,15 @@ import semver = require('semver');
 import {
   contextTsNodeUnderTest,
   EXPERIMENTAL_MODULES_FLAG,
+  resetNodeEnvironment,
   TEST_DIR,
 } from './helpers';
 import { createExec } from './exec-helpers';
 import { join } from 'path';
 import * as expect from 'expect';
+import type { NodeHooksAPI2 } from '../esm';
+
+const nodeUsesNewHooksApi = semver.gte(process.version, '16.12.0');
 
 const test = context(contextTsNodeUnderTest);
 
@@ -37,3 +41,31 @@ test.suite('createEsmHooks', (test) => {
     });
   }
 });
+
+test.suite('hooks', (_test) => {
+  const test = _test.context(async (t) => {
+    const service = t.context.tsNodeUnderTest.create();
+    t.teardown(() => {
+      resetNodeEnvironment();
+    });
+    return {
+      service,
+      hooks: t.context.tsNodeUnderTest.createEsmHooks(service),
+    };
+  });
+
+  if (nodeUsesNewHooksApi) {
+    test('Correctly determines format of data URIs', async (t) => {
+      const { hooks } = t.context;
+      const url = 'data:text/javascript,console.log("hello world");';
+      const result = await (hooks as NodeHooksAPI2).load(
+        url,
+        { format: undefined },
+        async (url, context, _ignored) => {
+          return { format: context.format!, source: '' };
+        }
+      );
+      expect(result.format).toBe('module');
+    });
+  }
+});