diff --git a/src/index.ts b/src/index.ts
index b3506a4cd..2bf4be322 100644
--- a/src/index.ts
+++ b/src/index.ts
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ import {
 } from './module-type-classifier';
 import { createResolverFunctions } from './resolver-functions';
 import type { createEsmHooks as createEsmHooksFn } from './esm';
+import { ModuleKind } from 'typescript';
 
 export { TSCommon };
 export {
@@ -502,11 +503,20 @@ export interface DiagnosticFilter {
 export function getExtensions(config: _ts.ParsedCommandLine) {
   const tsExtensions = ['.ts'];
   const jsExtensions = [];
+  const useESNext = [ModuleKind.ES2015, ModuleKind.ES2020, 7 as any, ModuleKind.ESNext, 199 as any].indexOf(config.options.module) !== -1;
+  const useCommonJS = [ModuleKind.CommonJS, 100 as any].indexOf(config.options.module) !== -1;
 
   // Enable additional extensions when JSX or `allowJs` is enabled.
   if (config.options.jsx) tsExtensions.push('.tsx');
-  if (config.options.allowJs) jsExtensions.push('.js');
-  if (config.options.jsx && config.options.allowJs) jsExtensions.push('.jsx');
+  // Support .mts .cts
+  if (useESNext) tsExtensions.push('.mts');
+  if (useCommonJS) tsExtensions.push('.cts');
+  if (config.options.allowJs) {
+    jsExtensions.push('.js');
+    if (config.options.jsx) jsExtensions.push('.jsx');
+    if (useESNext) tsExtensions.push('.mjs');
+    if (useCommonJS) tsExtensions.push('.cjs');
+  }
   return { tsExtensions, jsExtensions };
 }
 
diff --git a/src/test/index.spec.ts b/src/test/index.spec.ts
index 3b128afdc..b5f8adad4 100644
--- a/src/test/index.spec.ts
+++ b/src/test/index.spec.ts
@@ -183,6 +183,30 @@ test.suite('ts-node', (test) => {
         expect(err).toBe(null);
         expect(stdout).toBe('hello world\n');
       });
+
+      test('should support cts when module = CommonJS', async () => {
+        const { err, stdout } = await exec(
+          [
+            CMD_TS_NODE_WITH_PROJECT_FLAG,
+            '-O "{\\"module\\":"CommonJS"}"',
+            '-pe "import { main } from \'./ts45-ext/ext-cts/index\';main()"',
+          ].join(' ')
+        );
+        expect(err).toBe(null);
+        expect(stdout).toBe('hello world\n');
+      });
+
+      test('should support cts when module = ESNext', async () => {
+        const { err, stdout } = await exec(
+          [
+            CMD_TS_NODE_WITH_PROJECT_FLAG,
+            '-O "{\\"module\\":"ESNext"}"',
+            '-pe "import { main } from \'./ts45-ext/ext-mts/index\';main()"',
+          ].join(' ')
+        );
+        expect(err).toBe(null);
+        expect(stdout).toBe('hello world\n');
+      });
     }
 
     test('should eval code', async () => {
diff --git a/tests/ts45-ext/ext-cts/index.cts b/tests/ts45-ext/ext-cts/index.cts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..9001625ad
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/ts45-ext/ext-cts/index.cts
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+export function main() {
+  return 'hello world';
+}
diff --git a/tests/ts45-ext/ext-cts/tsconfig.json b/tests/ts45-ext/ext-cts/tsconfig.json
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..28900bb1b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/ts45-ext/ext-cts/tsconfig.json
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+{
+  "compilerOptions": {
+    "module": "CommonJS"
+  }
+}
diff --git a/tests/ts45-ext/ext-mts/index.mts b/tests/ts45-ext/ext-mts/index.mts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..9001625ad
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/ts45-ext/ext-mts/index.mts
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+export function main() {
+  return 'hello world';
+}
diff --git a/tests/ts45-ext/ext-mts/tsconfig.json b/tests/ts45-ext/ext-mts/tsconfig.json
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..1ac61592b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/ts45-ext/ext-mts/tsconfig.json
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+{
+  "compilerOptions": {
+    "module": "ESNext"
+  }
+}