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pylab.py
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pylab.py
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"""Implementation of magic functions for matplotlib/pylab support.
"""
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Copyright (c) 2012 The IPython Development Team.
#
# Distributed under the terms of the Modified BSD License.
#
# The full license is in the file COPYING.txt, distributed with this software.
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Imports
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Our own packages
from traitlets.config.application import Application
from IPython.core import magic_arguments
from IPython.core.magic import Magics, magics_class, line_magic
from IPython.testing.skipdoctest import skip_doctest
from warnings import warn
from IPython.core.pylabtools import backends
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Magic implementation classes
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
magic_gui_arg = magic_arguments.argument(
'gui', nargs='?',
help="""Name of the matplotlib backend to use %s.
If given, the corresponding matplotlib backend is used,
otherwise it will be matplotlib's default
(which you can set in your matplotlib config file).
""" % str(tuple(sorted(backends.keys())))
)
@magics_class
class PylabMagics(Magics):
"""Magics related to matplotlib's pylab support"""
@skip_doctest
@line_magic
@magic_arguments.magic_arguments()
@magic_arguments.argument('-l', '--list', action='store_true',
help='Show available matplotlib backends')
@magic_gui_arg
def matplotlib(self, line=''):
"""Set up matplotlib to work interactively.
This function lets you activate matplotlib interactive support
at any point during an IPython session. It does not import anything
into the interactive namespace.
If you are using the inline matplotlib backend in the IPython Notebook
you can set which figure formats are enabled using the following::
In [1]: from IPython.display import set_matplotlib_formats
In [2]: set_matplotlib_formats('pdf', 'svg')
The default for inline figures sets `bbox_inches` to 'tight'. This can
cause discrepancies between the displayed image and the identical
image created using `savefig`. This behavior can be disabled using the
`%config` magic::
In [3]: %config InlineBackend.print_figure_kwargs = {'bbox_inches':None}
In addition, see the docstring of
`IPython.display.set_matplotlib_formats` and
`IPython.display.set_matplotlib_close` for more information on
changing additional behaviors of the inline backend.
Examples
--------
To enable the inline backend for usage with the IPython Notebook::
In [1]: %matplotlib inline
In this case, where the matplotlib default is TkAgg::
In [2]: %matplotlib
Using matplotlib backend: TkAgg
But you can explicitly request a different GUI backend::
In [3]: %matplotlib qt
You can list the available backends using the -l/--list option::
In [4]: %matplotlib --list
Available matplotlib backends: ['osx', 'qt4', 'qt5', 'gtk3', 'notebook', 'wx', 'qt', 'nbagg',
'gtk', 'tk', 'inline']
"""
args = magic_arguments.parse_argstring(self.matplotlib, line)
if args.list:
backends_list = list(backends.keys())
print("Available matplotlib backends: %s" % backends_list)
else:
gui, backend = self.shell.enable_matplotlib(args.gui.lower() if isinstance(args.gui, str) else args.gui)
self._show_matplotlib_backend(args.gui, backend)
@skip_doctest
@line_magic
@magic_arguments.magic_arguments()
@magic_arguments.argument(
'--no-import-all', action='store_true', default=None,
help="""Prevent IPython from performing ``import *`` into the interactive namespace.
You can govern the default behavior of this flag with the
InteractiveShellApp.pylab_import_all configurable.
"""
)
@magic_gui_arg
def pylab(self, line=''):
"""Load numpy and matplotlib to work interactively.
This function lets you activate pylab (matplotlib, numpy and
interactive support) at any point during an IPython session.
%pylab makes the following imports::
import numpy
import matplotlib
from matplotlib import pylab, mlab, pyplot
np = numpy
plt = pyplot
from IPython.display import display
from IPython.core.pylabtools import figsize, getfigs
from pylab import *
from numpy import *
If you pass `--no-import-all`, the last two `*` imports will be excluded.
See the %matplotlib magic for more details about activating matplotlib
without affecting the interactive namespace.
"""
args = magic_arguments.parse_argstring(self.pylab, line)
if args.no_import_all is None:
# get default from Application
if Application.initialized():
app = Application.instance()
try:
import_all = app.pylab_import_all
except AttributeError:
import_all = True
else:
# nothing specified, no app - default True
import_all = True
else:
# invert no-import flag
import_all = not args.no_import_all
gui, backend, clobbered = self.shell.enable_pylab(args.gui, import_all=import_all)
self._show_matplotlib_backend(args.gui, backend)
print("Populating the interactive namespace from numpy and matplotlib")
if clobbered:
warn("pylab import has clobbered these variables: %s" % clobbered +
"\n`%matplotlib` prevents importing * from pylab and numpy"
)
def _show_matplotlib_backend(self, gui, backend):
"""show matplotlib message backend message"""
if not gui or gui == 'auto':
print("Using matplotlib backend: %s" % backend)